JP7491677B2 - 全浮動式軸受及びこれを含むターボチャージャー - Google Patents
全浮動式軸受及びこれを含むターボチャージャー Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
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- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
- F16C17/18—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with floating brasses or brushing, rotatable at a reduced speed
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- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/14—Lubrication of pumps; Safety measures therefor
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- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
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- F01D25/166—Sliding contact bearing
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- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
- F01D25/162—Bearing supports
- F01D25/164—Flexible supports; Vibration damping means associated with the bearing
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- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/10—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for both radial and axial load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
- F16C17/24—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C27/02—Sliding-contact bearings
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/1075—Wedges, e.g. ramps or lobes, for generating pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
- F04D29/046—Bearings
- F04D29/047—Bearings hydrostatic; hydrodynamic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/50—Bearings
- F05D2240/53—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/50—Bearings
- F05D2240/54—Radial bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
- F05D2250/11—Two-dimensional triangular
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
- F05D2250/13—Two-dimensional trapezoidal
- F05D2250/131—Two-dimensional trapezoidal polygonal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
- F05D2250/18—Two-dimensional patterned
- F05D2250/184—Two-dimensional patterned sinusoidal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
- F05D2250/23—Three-dimensional prismatic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
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- F05D2250/231—Three-dimensional prismatic cylindrical
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- F16C2220/00—Shaping
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
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Description
本発明は、一般に、ターボチャージャー用の全浮動式軸受(full-floating bearing)、及びこのような全浮動式軸受を含むターボチャージャーに関する。
ターボチャージャーのような回転機械(rotating machine)は、自動車、重装備、ディーゼルエンジン、モーターなどのような様々な用途で使用されている。典型的なターボチャージャーには、タービンホイール、タービンホイールに結合され、タービンホイールによって回転可能であり、シャフト軸に沿って延びるシャフト、シャフトに結合され、シャフトによって回転可能な圧縮機ホイール、タービンホイールと圧縮機ホイールとの間でシャフト軸に沿って延びる軸受ハウジング、及びシャフトの周りと軸受ハウジング内に配置されて、シャフトを回転可能に支持する全浮動式軸受を含む。シャフトを回転可能に支持する全浮動式軸受は、中心軸を有し、シャフトに対面する内面を含む。内面は、円形表面プロファイルを有する。
Roは、所定の角度θに対する中心軸CAから内面34までの距離であり、
Rbは、中心軸CAから内面34までの平均距離であり、
Aは、最大値RoとRbの差であり、
θは、開口部36を通って中心軸CAから垂直方向に延びる基準線Lに対して中心軸CAを中心に0~2πラジアン(0°~360°)であり、
Φは、0~2πラジアン(0°~360°)の位相シフトである。
Claims (12)
- ターボチャージャーのシャフトの振動を減少させるための、中心軸を有する全浮動式軸受(full-floating bearing)であって、前記全浮動式軸受は:
前記中心軸に面さないように構成される外面と;
前記中心軸に面するように構成され、内面が、前記中心軸と前記外面との間に配置されて構成されるように前記中心軸に対して前記外面から半径方向に離隔される内面とを含み;
前記外面と前記内面との間に開口部(aperture)が画定され、前記外面と前記内面との間に潤滑油が流れることができるように構成され、
前記内面は、前記ターボチャージャーのシャフトの振動を減少させるための表面プロファイルを有するが、前記表面プロファイルが式Ro=Rb+ASin(3θ+Φ)によって定義され、
式中、Roは、所定角度(θ)に対する中心軸から前記内面までの距離であり、
Rbは、中心軸から前記内面までの平均距離であり、
Aは、最大値RoとRbの差であり、
θは、前記開口部を通って中心軸から垂直方向に延びる基準線に対して中心軸を中心に0~2πラジアンであり、
Φは、0~2πラジアンの位相シフト(phase shift)である、全浮動式軸受。 - 前記外面が、中心軸を中心に円周方向に環状溝を画定し、前記環状溝は、潤滑油を受け取るように構成され、前記開口部は、前記環状溝と前記内面との間に画定され、前記環状溝と前記内面との間に潤滑油が流れることができるように構成される、請求項1に記載の全浮動式軸受。
- Φが、11π/36ラジアン~25π/36ラジアンである、請求項1に記載の全浮動式軸受。
- 前記開口部が、第1の開口部としてさらに定義され、第2の開口部が、前記外面と前記内面との間に画定され、前記外面と前記内面との間に潤滑油が流れることができるように構成される、請求項1に記載の全浮動式軸受。
- 前記第1及び第2の開口部が、中心軸に対して、5π/9ラジアン~7π/9ラジアンの角度で互いに円周方向に離隔され、前記Φが、11π/36ラジアン~25π/36ラジアンである、請求項4に記載の全浮動式軸受。
- 第3の開口部が、前記外面と前記内面との間に画定され、前記外面と前記内面との間に潤滑油が流れることができるように構成される、請求項4に記載の全浮動式軸受。
- 前記第1、第2、及び第3の開口部が、中心軸に対して、5π/9ラジアン~7π/9ラジアンの角度で互いに円周方向に離隔され、前記Φが、11π/36ラジアン~25π/36ラジアンである、請求項6に記載の全浮動式軸受。
- 内燃機関からの排気ガスを受け取り、圧縮空気を内燃機関に送るためのターボチャージャーであって、
請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の前記全浮動式軸受と;
タービンホイール;
前記タービンホイールに結合され、それによって回転可能であり、シャフト軸に沿って延びるシャフトと;
前記シャフトに結合され、圧縮空気を内燃機関に送るために、前記シャフトによって回転可能である、圧縮機ホイールと;
前記タービンホイールと前記圧縮機ホイールとの間で前記シャフト軸に沿って延び、軸受ハウジング内部を画定し、前記シャフトが前記軸受ハウジング内部に少なくとも部分的に配置されるように前記シャフトの周りに配置される軸受ハウジングとを含む、ターボチャージャー。 - 前記全浮動式軸受が、第1の全浮動式軸受としてさらに定義され、前記ターボチャージャーは、
第2の全浮動式軸受であって、前記シャフトの周りと前記軸受ハウジング内部に配置され、前記第1の全浮動式軸受が第2の全浮動式軸受と前記タービンホイールとの間に配置されるように、前記第1の全浮動式軸受から離隔され、前記第2の全浮動式軸受は、中心軸を有し、
前記中心軸から遠く離れて前記軸受ハウジングに対面する外面と、
前記シャフトに対面し、内面が前記中心軸と前記外面との間に配置されるように、前記中心軸に対して前記外面から半径方向に離隔される内面とを含み、
前記第2の全浮動式軸受は、前記外面と前記内面との間に潤滑油が流れることができるように構成される前記外面と前記内面との間に開口部を画定するが、
前記内面が、前記シャフトの振動を減少させるための表面プロファイルを有し、前記表面プロファイルが、前記式Ro=Rb+ASin(3θ+Φ)によって画定される、第2の全浮動式軸受をさらに含む、請求項8に記載のターボチャージャー。 - 前記それぞれの第1及び第2の全浮動式軸受の前記外面が、前記中心軸を中心に円周方向に環状溝を画定し、前記環状溝は、潤滑油を受け取るように構成され、前記それぞれの第1及び第2の全浮動式軸受の前記開口部は、前記環状溝と前記内面との間に画定され、前記環状溝と前記内面との間に潤滑油が流れることができるように構成される、請求項9に記載のターボチャージャー。
- 前記それぞれの第1及び第2の全浮動式軸受の前記開口部が、第1の開口部としてさらに定義され、前記それぞれの第1及び第2の全浮動式軸受は、前記外面と前記内面との間に潤滑油が流れることができるように構成される第2の開口部及び第3の開口部を前記外面と前記内面との間にさらに画定する、請求項9に記載のターボチャージャー。
- 前記それぞれの第1及び第2の全浮動式軸受の前記第1、第2、及び第3の開口部が、中心軸に対して、5π/9ラジアン~7π/9ラジアンの角度で互いに円周方向に離隔され、前記第1及び第2の全浮動式軸受のΦが、11π/36ラジアン~25π/36ラジアンである、請求項11に記載のターボチャージャー。
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US10557498B1 (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-02-11 | Borgwarner Inc. | Full-floating bearing and turbocharger including the same |
EP3834922B1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-06-15 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | Shaft support for supporting an agitator shaft and an agitator |
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