JP7432535B2 - 生分解性織物、マスターバッチ、および生分解性繊維を作製する方法 - Google Patents
生分解性織物、マスターバッチ、および生分解性繊維を作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7432535B2 JP7432535B2 JP2020573397A JP2020573397A JP7432535B2 JP 7432535 B2 JP7432535 B2 JP 7432535B2 JP 2020573397 A JP2020573397 A JP 2020573397A JP 2020573397 A JP2020573397 A JP 2020573397A JP 7432535 B2 JP7432535 B2 JP 7432535B2
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Classifications
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Description
「脂肪族ポリエステル」は、開鎖(芳香族ではない)を含む炭化水素鎖を有する繰り返しエステル単位を含有する。これらは、脂肪族基のみを含有するホモポリマー、コポリマー、または脂肪族基およびアリール基の両方を含有するコポリマーであり得る。
2つの配合物から仕上げた生地をストーンウォッシュ加工(stone tumbled)してマイクロファイバーを創出し、水処理施設で典型的に経験する条件をモデルとするASTM D5210よる、55日間の分解について、マイクロファイバーを試験した。結果を表5および図4に示す。
1つの配合物から仕上げた生地をストーンウォッシュ加工してマイクロファイバーを創出し、ASTM D6691による112日間の分解について、マイクロファイバーを試験した。結果を表6および図5に要約する。
ASTM E1963方法、すなわち、豆類、トウモロコシ、およびエンドウ豆などの陸域植物種を使用する植物毒性試験を行うためのプロトコルを使用して、植物成長および発達に対する試験物質の影響を決定するために、組成物を試験した。エンドウ豆は土壌条件に非常に敏感であるので、良好な指標である。このASTM E1963試験には、レシピ2からのASTM D5511試験からの副生成物を含有する残留土壌の浸出液を使用した。図7は、ASTM E1963試験からの結果を示す。
ASTM D5511において、本発明による繊維の細菌分解に供された繊維の電子顕微鏡画像を、図6のSEM画像(SEM HV:15kV、視野173ミクロン、SEM倍率1.5、Tescan(商標)Vega3(商標)タングステン熱イオン放出SEMシステム(https://www.tescan.com/en-us/technology/sem/vega3)、2019年2月12日にアクセス)に示し、細菌に>1年曝露させた後の、本発明によるポリエステル未染色繊維の表面上の細菌のコロニー形成を示す。
本発明の具体的態様は以下のとおりである。
[態様1]
繊維を作製する方法であって、
0.2~5質量%のCaCO 3 、
エステル基間の鎖に2~6個の炭素を有する繰り返し単位を含む脂肪族ポリエステルであって、前記鎖中の前記2~6個の炭素が、側鎖炭素を含まないことを条件とする、脂肪族ポリエステル、
ならびにPET、ナイロン、オレフィン、他の熱可塑性ポリマー、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される担体ポリマーから本質的になるマスターバッチを、
PET、ナイロン、オレフィン、他の熱可塑性ポリマー、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるポリマーにブレンドして溶融混合物を形成することと、
その後、前記溶融混合物をフィラメントとして押し出すことと、を含む、方法。
[態様2]
前記ポリマーが作製された後であるが、前記ポリマーが溶融状態のままである間に、前記マスターバッチをポリマー製造ラインに添加することを含む、態様1に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
[態様3]
前記マスターバッチを、前記標的ポリマーの重合中に連続ポリマーラインに添加することを含む、態様1に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
[態様4]
前記押し出されたフィラメントをクエンチすることをさらに含む、態様1に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
[態様5]
前記フィラメントをテクスチャ加工することをさらに含む、態様4に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
[態様6]
前記テクスチャ加工されたフィラメントを、ステープル繊維に切断することを含む、態様5に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
[態様7]
前記ステープル繊維を糸に紡績することをさらに含む、態様6に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
[態様8]
前記糸を生地に織ることをさらに含む、態様7に記載の方法。
[態様9]
前記糸を生地に編むことをさらに含む、態様7に記載の方法。
[態様10]
前記ステープル繊維から不織布バットを敷くことをさらに含む、態様6に記載の方法。
[態様11]
前記溶融混合物をペレットとして押し出すことと、
その後、前記混合物を押し出すステップの前に前記ペレットを再溶融してフィラメントを形成することと、を含む、態様1に記載の方法。
[態様12]
ブレンドされる前記マスターバッチが、
0.9~1.1質量パーセントの炭酸カルシウムから本質的になり、
前記2~6個の炭素の脂肪族エステルが、44~54質量パーセントの量のポリカプロラクトンであり、
9~11質量パーセントの量のポリブチレンサクシネートをさらに含み、
前記マスターバッチの残りが、前記担体ポリマーとしてのポリエチレンテレフタレートである、態様1に記載の方法。
[態様13]
前記溶融混合物が、
0.39~0.48重量%のポリエステルと、
0.39~0.49重量%のPLCと、
0.01重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、
少なくとも90質量%のPETと、から本質的になる、態様1に記載の方法。
[態様14]
態様13に記載の溶融混合物が、0.05~0.1重量%のPLA、0.05~0.1%のPHA、0.05~0.1%のPBAT、0.10~0.20重量%のPBS、0.01重量%の二酸化ケイ素、およびこれらの組成物の組み合わせからなる群から選択される組成物をさらに含む、態様1に記載の方法。
Claims (12)
- 繊維を作製する方法であって、
39~49重量%のポリカプロラクトン、
0.9~1.1重量%の炭酸カルシウム、及び
残りのポリエチレンテレフタレート、を含むマスターバッチを、
少なくとも90重量%の溶融ポリエステルにブレンドして前記マスターバッチ及び前記ポリエステルの溶融混合物を形成すること、ここで、前記溶融混合物が、0.05~0.1重量%のポリ乳酸(PLA)、0.05~0.1重量%のポリヒドロキシブチレート(PHB)、0.05~0.1重量%のポリブチレンアジペートテレフタレート(PBAT)、0.10~0.20重量%のポリブチレンサクシネート(PBS)、0.01重量%の二酸化ケイ素、又はこれらの組み合わせをさらに含む;並びに、
その後、前記溶融混合物をフィラメントとして押し出すこと;を含む、方法。 - 前記マスターバッチをブレンドすることが、前記ポリエステルが作製された後であるが、前記ポリエステルが溶融状態のままである間に、前記マスターバッチをポリエステル製造ラインに添加することを含む、請求項1に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
- 前記マスターバッチをブレンドすることが、前記マスターバッチを、前記ポリエステルの重合中に連続ポリエステルラインに添加することを含む、請求項1に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
- 前記押し出されたフィラメントをクエンチすることをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
- 前記フィラメントをテクスチャ加工することをさらに含む、請求項4に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
- 前記テクスチャ加工されたフィラメントを、ステープル繊維に切断することをさらに含む、請求項5に記載の繊維を作製する方法。
- 請求項6に記載の方法により得られた前記ステープル繊維を糸に紡績することを含む、糸を作製する方法。
- 請求項7に記載の方法により得られた前記糸を生地に織ることを含む、生地を作製する方法。
- 請求項7に記載の方法により得られた前記糸を生地に編むことを含む、生地を作製する方法。
- 請求項6に記載の方法により得られた前記ステープル繊維から不織布バットを敷くことを含む、不織布バットを作製する方法。
- 前記溶融混合物をペレットとして押し出すことと、
その後、前記混合物を押し出すステップの前に前記ペレットを再溶融してフィラメントを形成することと、をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - ブレンドされる前記マスターバッチが、
9~11重量パーセントの量のポリブチレンサクシネートをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
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