JP7418536B2 - 無線受電装置、無線給電装置、無線電力伝送システム、及び無線受電装置の過大磁界保護方法 - Google Patents
無線受電装置、無線給電装置、無線電力伝送システム、及び無線受電装置の過大磁界保護方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/575—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Description
化されている。無線電力伝送システムは、交流磁界を発生する送電用のコイルを介して電力の無線伝送を行う送電装置と、交流磁界を電力に変換する受電用のコイルを介して電力の供給を受ける受電装置と、を有する。
[無線給電装置100]
図1に示すように、無線給電装置100は、送電回路10、共振キャパシタ11、送電コイル12、及び制御部13を含む。尚、送電回路10は、例えば単一の半導体IC(Integrated Circuit)チップ、或いは複数の半導体ICチップに分割して形成されている。
[無線受電装置200]
次に、図1に示す無線受電装置200の構成について説明する。無線受電装置200は、受電コイル20、共振キャパシタ21、整流回路22、受電回路23、及び制御部24を含む。
部端子Tpに印加する。この際、遮断回路235は、安定化回路233からラインL0を介して供給された出力電流を、出力ラインLX、退部端子Tpを介して負荷装置250に送出する。
放電時の時定数:1キロオーム×10マイクロファラッド=10ミリ秒
初期電流:5ボルト/1キロオーム=5ミリアンペア
となる。
Cs1:68ピコファラッド
Cs2:150ピコファラッド
R17:100キロオーム
となる。
12 送電コイル
13、24 制御部
20 受電コイル
23 受電回路
231 過大磁界保護回路
233、234 安定化回路
235 遮断回路
236 出力放電回路
300 無線電力伝送システム
Claims (12)
- 交流磁界により無線で、電力の供給を受ける給電モード及びデータ通信を行う通信モードを時分割で行う無線受電装置であって、
前記交流磁界をその磁界振幅に対応した電圧値を有する受給電圧に変換する変換部と、 前記受給電圧を受けて電圧値が一定の安定化電圧を生成し、前記安定化電圧に対応した出力電圧を出力ラインを介して出力する受電回路と、
前記交流磁界の磁界強度が所定強度より高い場合に異常が発生していると判断して通知が必要であることを示す通知フラグを生成する動作状態検出処理部と、
前記安定化電圧を電源電圧として受けて前記データ通信を行う通信回路と、を有し、
前記受電回路は、
前記通信モード時には前記受給電圧の上限を第1の電圧値に制限し、前記給電モード時には前記受給電圧の上限を前記第1の電圧値よりも高い第2の電圧値に制限する保護回路を含むことを特徴とする無線受電装置。 - 前記保護回路は、前記通知フラグに応じて、前記給電モード時に前記受給電圧の上限を前記第2の電圧値から他の電圧値に切り替えることによって前記交流磁界の磁界振幅を変動させ、前記受電回路に異常が発生していることを前記磁界振幅の変動により通知することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線受電装置。
- 前記保護回路は、前記交流磁界が所定磁界強度以上である場合には、前記上限の電圧値を低下させることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の無線受電装置。
- 前記安定化電圧の電圧値を検出する電圧検出部を含み、
前記保護回路は、前記電圧検出部にて検出された電圧値が所定の下限値より低い場合には前記受給電圧の上限を制限する動作を停止することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1に記載の無線受電装置。 - 前記受電回路は、前記受給電圧を第1及び第2のラインを介して受け、
前記保護回路は、前記第1及び第2のライン間に流れる電流の電流量を検出する電流検出部を含み、
前記通信回路は、前記電流検出部にて検出された前記電流量が所定電流値未満である場合と、前記電流量が前記所定電流値以上である場合とで異なる通信特性にて前記データ通信を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1に記載の無線受電装置。 - 前記受電回路は、
前記受給電圧に基づき前記安定化電圧を生成して第3のラインに印加する第1のトランジスタと、
第1の抵抗を介して前記第1のトランジスタと並列に接続されている第2のトランジスタと、
前記第1の抵抗の両端の電位差に基づき前記第3のラインに送出される電流を検出する第1の電流検出回路と、を含む安定化回路を有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の無線受電装置。 - 前記受電回路は、
出力遮断制御信号に応じて前記出力電圧の前記出力ラインへの供給を遮断する遮断回路と、を含み、
前記遮断回路は、
前記出力電圧をドレインで受けると共に前記出力遮断制御信号をゲートで受け、ソースが前記出力ラインに接続されている第1のMOSトランジスタと、
前記第1のMOSトランジスタのドレイン及びソース間の電位差に対応した電流を流す第2のMOSトランジスタと、
前記第2のMOSトランジスタに流れる電流の電流量を、前記出力ラインに流れる出力電流の電流量として検出する第2の電流検出回路と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1に記載の無線受電装置。 - 前記変換部は、
前記交流磁界を受ける受電コイルと、
前記受電コイルの一端に直列に接続されている第1及び第2のキャパシタと、
前記第1及び第2のキャパシタを介して受けた前記受電コイルの一端の電圧を、直流化して前記受給電圧を得る整流回路と、を含み、
前記通信回路は、前記第1のキャパシタと前記第2のキャパシタとの接続点に接続されており、前記接続点、前記第1のキャパシタ、及び前記受電コイルを介して前記データ通信を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1に記載の無線受電装置。 - 前記接続点に直流の電位を印加するプルアップ抵抗を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の無線受電装置。
- 前記変換部は、前記交流磁界を受ける受電コイルを含み、
前記通信回路は、前記受電コイルに接続されており、当該受電コイルを介して前記データ通信を行い、前記安定化電圧の電圧値が所定の下限値より低い場合には前記受電コイルとの接続を遮断することを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか1に記載の無線受電装置。 - 前記受電回路は、
前記給電モード時にはオフ状態となる一方、前記通信モード時にはオン状態となって前記出力ラインに接地電位を印加するスイッチ素子と、を含む出力放電回路を有することを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか1に記載の無線受電装置。 - 前記受電回路は、前記受給電圧を受ける第1の外部端子及び前記出力電圧を外部出力する第2の外部端子を備えたLSIパッケージに含まれる半導体チップに形成されており、 前記LSIパッケージには、
前記半導体チップに形成されている第1のボンディングパッドと前記第1の外部端子とを接続する第1の配線と、
前記半導体チップに形成されている第2のボンディングパッドと前記第1の外部端子とを接続する第2の配線と、
前記半導体チップに形成されている第3のボンディングパッドと前記第2の外部端子とを接続する第3の配線と、が形成されており、
前記半導体チップには、
前記通信回路と、
前記第1のボンディングパッドを介して受けた前記受給電圧の電圧値を一定化した第1の安定化電圧を生成し、前記第1の安定化電圧を前記出力電圧として前記第3のボンディングパッドに印加する第1の安定化回路と、
前記第2のボンディングパッドを介して受けた前記受給電圧の電圧値を一定化した第2の安定化電圧を生成し、前記第2の安定化電圧を電源電圧として前記通信回路に供給する第2の安定化回路と、が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれか1に記載の無線受電装置。
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