JP7403201B2 - 化合物半導体ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ - Google Patents
化合物半導体ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 137
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 104
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910016551 CuPt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
Cbc=-Im(Y12)/(2πf0)
ここで、Im(Y12)はYパラメータ成分Y12の虚数部、πは円周率である。点線は第1のエミッタ層150を従来のInGaPによるエミッタ層に置き換えた場合、実線は本発明すなわちCuPt型秩序を有するInGaPエミッタの場合であり、室温におけるEgが1.81eVの場合について示した。図8に示したデータ点はIcが0.01A以上であり、全て図37に示す「低Vbe領域」に入る。図6からわかるようにIcが0.01A以上となるVbeは1.25Vを超える。一方Vceは0.5Vであるから、Vbcは0.75V以上、即ちベースコレクタ間のpn接合は高い順方向バイアス状態にある。このため、図8中に点線で示した従来のGaAsHBTではIcの増加、すなわち順方向バイアスが強まるにつれて、Cbcが1ピコファラッドを超える高い値となる。これに対し本発明のGaAsHBTにおけるCbcは従来に比べ大幅に低減されており、低減の程度はIcが高いほど顕著である。これはターンオンVbeの低減によりベースコレクタ間の順方向バイアスが小さくなるためである。図9は周波数f0=2GHzにおける最大電力増幅率のIc依存性を示す。図8のCbcと同様に、コレクタ電圧Vceは0.5Vである。縦軸はMSG/MAGと表示されているが、これはMaximum Stable Gain (MSG)とMaximum Available Gain (MAG)の略である。MAGはトランジスタが発振を起こさない安定条件を満足する場合に定義される最大電力増幅率である。一方トランジスタが安定条件を満足しない領域では最大電力増幅率は外部素子により強制的に安定化させた場合に得られる値(MSG)として定義される。図9中でIc=0.05Aで曲線の傾きが急激に変化するが、0.05A以下がMSG領域、0.05A以上がMAG領域である。図9において、実線は本発明によるGaAsHBTであり、InGaPエミッタ層の室温におけるEgが1.81eVの場合について示した。点線で示す従来のGaAsHBTに比べ、何れの電流においてもMSG/MAGが高い。これは図8に示したCbcの低減によるものである。Cbcはトランジスタの電力増幅において帰還容量として働き電力増幅率を低下させる。特に「低Vce領域」ではベースコレクタ間のpn接合が強い順方向バイアス状態になるためCbcが非常に大きくなり、電力増幅率を低下させる支配的な要因となる。本発明によれば、「低Vce領域」においてCbcの大幅な低減が可能になり、同領域での電力増幅率の低下を抑えることができる。図10はCbcのEgとの関係、図11は最大電力増幅率のEgとの関係を示す。何れもVceは0.5Vである。また黒丸はIcが0.072Aにおける値、黒三角はIcが0.144Aにおける値である。Ic=0.072A、0.144Aはいずれも図37に示した「低Vce領域」に入るが、エミッタの面積が360平方ミクロンであるから、エミッタ面における平均電流密度に換算するとそれぞれ20kA/cm2、40kA/cm2に相当する。図11において、Ic=0.072A、0.144A何れの場合も最大電力増幅率はMAGの領域となるため、縦軸はMAGで表した。図10及び図11で「従来」と示したデータ点は第1のエミッタ層150を従来のInGaPに置き換えたGaAsHBTの場合である。InGaPのCuPt型秩序化が進みEgが減少するにつれて、Cbcが減少しMAGが増加する。本発明の顕著な効果を得るには、Ic=0.072A(20kA/cm2)においてMAGが従来の1dB以上、Ic=0.144A(40kA/cm2)においてMAGが従来の2dB以上改善することが好ましい。従って、図11において同条件を満足するEg範囲である1.86eV以下を「本発明」と示した。図5、図7、図10にも同様にEgが1.86eV以下の領域を「本発明」と示した。なお、非特許文献5にEg=1.76eVまでCuPt型秩序化が進んだInGaPの成長が報告されている。本願第1の発明も1.76eV≦Eg≦1.86eVであれば十分な効果が得られる。
110 サブコレクタ層
120 コレクタ層
121 第1のコレクタ層
122 第2のコレクタ層
130 InGaAsベース層
150 第1のエミッタ層
151 第2のエミッタ層
160 エミッタコンタクト層
161 高濃度GaAsエミッタコンタクト層
162 GaAsエミッタコンタクト層
163 InGaAsエミッタコンタクト層
170 エミッタ電極
180 ベース電極
190 コレクタ電極
199 エミッタ幅を示す矢印
200 GaAs基板
210 サブコレクタ層
220 コレクタ層
221 第1のコレクタ層
222 第2のコレクタ層
230 第1のInGaAsベース層
240 第2のInGaAsベース層
250 エミッタ層
260 エミッタコンタクト層
261 GaAsエミッタコンタクト層
262 InGaAsエミッタコンタクト層
270 エミッタ電極
280 ベース電極
290 コレクタ電極
299 エミッタ幅を示す矢印
Claims (4)
- GaAs基板上に順次形成されたコレクタ層とベース層とエミッタ層とを有するnpn型バイポーラトランジスタであって、
前記コレクタ層とベース層とエミッタ層は何れも前記GaAs基板上にエピタキシャル成長され且つGaAsとの格子不整合による格子歪の緩和が実質的にない化合物半導体層から成り、
前記ベース層は疑似格子整合成長されたInGaAs層を少なくとも含み、
前記エミッタ層はCuPt型秩序を有する第1のInGaP層を少なくとも含み、
前記エミッタ層は前記ベース層とは反対側の前記第1のInGaP層上に第2のInGaP層を少なくとも含み、且つ
前記第2のInGaP層は実質的にCuPt型秩序を有さず、
前記第1のInGaP層と前記第2のInGaP層との界面近傍部分の前記第1のInGaP層、或いは前記第2のInGaP層、或いはその両方のn型不純物濃度が前記界面近傍部分を除く前記第1のInGaP層および前記第2のInGaP層のいずれの部分におけるn型不純物濃度より高いことを特徴とする化合物半導体ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ。 - 前記第1のInGaP層の室温におけるバンドギャップが1.76eV乃至1.86eVの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の化合物半導体ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ。
- 前記第1のInGaP層の組成をIniGa1-iPと記述した際のIn含有量iが0.48乃至0.5の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の化合物半導体ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ。
- 前記InGaAs層の組成をInjGa1-jAsと記述した際のIn含有量jの平均値が0.05乃至0.12の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の化合物半導体ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ。
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JP2019133841A JP7403201B2 (ja) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | 化合物半導体ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ |
TW109113257A TWI756664B (zh) | 2019-07-19 | 2020-04-21 | 化合物半導體異質結雙極電晶體 |
CN202010401293.XA CN112242438A (zh) | 2019-07-19 | 2020-05-13 | 化合物半导体异质结双极晶体管 |
US16/931,398 US11201233B2 (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2020-07-16 | Compound semiconductor heterojunction bipolar transistor |
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JP2009094148A (ja) | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-30 | Panasonic Corp | ヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ |
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JP2001345328A (ja) | 2000-06-02 | 2001-12-14 | Nec Corp | 半導体装置、及び、半導体集積回路 |
JP2003309128A (ja) | 2002-04-18 | 2003-10-31 | Nec Compound Semiconductor Devices Ltd | ダブルヘテロ接合バイポーラ・トランジスタ |
US20080026545A1 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Paul Cooke | Integrated devices on a common compound semiconductor III-V wafer |
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