JP7261411B2 - 光増感剤及び活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物 - Google Patents
光増感剤及び活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7261411B2 JP7261411B2 JP2019516273A JP2019516273A JP7261411B2 JP 7261411 B2 JP7261411 B2 JP 7261411B2 JP 2019516273 A JP2019516273 A JP 2019516273A JP 2019516273 A JP2019516273 A JP 2019516273A JP 7261411 B2 JP7261411 B2 JP 7261411B2
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/182—Graphene
- C01B32/184—Preparation
- C01B32/19—Preparation by exfoliation
- C01B32/192—Preparation by exfoliation starting from graphitic oxides
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Description
本発明の光増感剤は、グラフェンを含む。上記グラフェンの数平均分子量(Mn)は、500以上、1,000,000以下である。上記数平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定されるポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量である。なお、移動相としては、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)を用い、室温(23℃)で測定することができる。
本発明の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物は、重合性基を有する化合物と、重合開始剤と、上述した光増感剤とを含む。本発明の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物は、活性エネルギー線の照射により容易に硬化することができる。特に、本発明の硬化性組成物は、上述した光増感性に優れる光増感剤を含むので、活性エネルギー線の照射による硬化速度を速めることができ、短時間で効率よく硬化させることができる。また、本発明の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物では、光増感性に優れる光増感剤を含むので、重合開始剤や光増感剤等の硬化成分に寄与しない成分を少なくすることができ、硬化して得られた硬化物の機械的強度、耐久性や密着性等を高めることもできる。
上記重合性基を有する化合物は、活性エネルギー線の照射により組成物中の光増感剤及び光酸発生剤等の反応開始剤が活性化し、連鎖反応または重合反応し増粘・架橋や硬化する化合物である。
上記重合開始剤としては、光重合開始剤である光酸発生剤又は光塩基発生剤や、ラジカル発生剤を用いることができる。重合性基を有する化合物の重合性基がカチオン重合性基の場合、光酸発生剤を用いることが好ましい。もっとも、熱重合開始剤を用いてもよく、光重合開始剤と熱重合開始剤とを併用してもよい。
上記光増感剤は、上述の本発明に従って構成される光増感剤である。
本発明の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物には、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲において、他の添加剤が含まれていてもよい。
グラフェンの調製;
まず、酸化グラフェンを、文献(J.J.Zhu, P.M.Ajayan, et al., Nano Lett., 2012, 12, 844-849)に記載されている方法を用いて、調製した。
5mLのサンプル瓶に、重合性基を有する化合物100重量部と、光酸発生剤0.5重量部と、上記で得られた光増感剤としてのグラフェン0.05重量部とを混合し、80℃に加熱し、適宜スパチュラで、目視で透明になるまで撹拌し、液状の硬化性組成物を調製した。重合性基を有する化合物としては、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(EP828、三菱ケミカル社製)を用いた。光酸発生剤としては、(トリルクミル)ヨードニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート(Bluestar Silicones社製、BLUESIL PI2074)を用いた。
光増感剤としてのグラフェンを0.1重量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物を調製した。なお、実施例2においては、積算光量を6J/cm2、12J/cm2、24J/cm2としたときのそれぞれの場合において硬化時間を測定した。結果を下記の表1に示す。
実施例3においても、実施例1と同様の方法で酸化グラフェンを調製した。
光増感剤としてのグラフェンの代わりに、イソプロピルチオキサントン(東京化成工業社製)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして組成物を調製した。なお、比較例1においては、積算光量を6J/cm2としたときの場合において硬化時間を測定した。結果を下記の表1に示す。
光増感剤としてのグラフェンを用いなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして組成物を調製した。なお、比較例2においては、積算光量を24J/cm2としたときの場合において硬化時間を測定した。結果を下記の表1に示す。
光増感剤としてのグラフェンの代わりに、アントラセン(東京化成工業社製)0.5重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして組成物を調製した。なお、比較例3においては、積算光量を24J/cm2としたときの場合において硬化時間を測定した。結果を下記の表1に示す。なお、GPCにより測定したアントラセンの数平均分子量は、Mn=178であった。
光増感剤としてのグラフェンの代わりに、膨張黒鉛(東洋炭素社製、商品名「PF-Z」)0.5重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして組成物を調製した。なお、比較例4においては、積算光量を24J/cm2としたときの場合において硬化時間を測定した。結果を下記の表1に示す。なお、膨張黒鉛はテトラヒドロフランに溶解せず、数平均分子量はGPCにより測定できなかった。
硬化性組成物の調製;
5mLのサンプル瓶に、ラジカル重合性基を有する化合物100重量部と、ラジカル発生剤3重量部と、実施例1と同様にして得られた光増感剤としてのグラフェン1重量部とを混合し、80℃に加熱し、適宜スパチュラで、目視で透明になるまで撹拌し、液状の硬化性組成物を調製した。重合性基を有する化合物としては、ポリプロピレングリコールモノアクリレート(AP―400、日油社製)を用いた。ラジカル発生剤としては、(トリルクミル)ヨードニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート(Bluestar Silicones社製、BLUESIL PI2074)を用いた。
光増感剤の種類、ラジカル発生剤の種類及び量、並びにラジカル重合性基を有する化合物の種類を下記の表2のように変更したこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして硬化性組成物を調製し、硬化に必要な最低積算光量を求めた。なお、実施例5,6では、光増感剤として、実施例3と同様にして得られたグラフェンを用いた。実施例5,6及び比較例8,9では、ラジカル発生剤として、過酸化ベンゾイル(東京化成工業株式会社製、約25%水湿潤品)を用いた。また、実施例6及び比較例9では、ラジカル重合性基を有する化合物として、4-アクリロイルモルホリン(東京化成工業株式会社製)を用いた
Claims (15)
- ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで測定されるポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量(Mn)が、500以上、2000以下である、グラフェンを含み、
前記グラフェンの表面が、官能基により修飾されており、
前記官能基が、アミン誘導体である、光増感剤。 - 前記官能基が、窒素を含む芳香環又は複素環を有する、請求項1に記載の光増感剤。
- 前記官能基が、環状イミド基を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の光増感剤。
- 前記官能基が、複数の炭素-炭素二重結合(C=C)を有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の光増感剤。
- 前記官能基が、芳香環を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の光増感剤。
- 前記官能基が、ベンジル基、ヘキサデシルオキシ基、シルセスキ基、及びポリアルコキシベンジル基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の光増感剤。
- 前記官能基が、3,5-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)ベンジル、3,5-ビス(3,5-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)ベンジルオキシ)ベンジル及び3,5-ビス(3,5-ビス(3,5-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)ベンジルオキシ)ベンジルオキシ)ベンジルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種のデンドリマーを有する嵩高い基、3,4,5-トリ(ヘキサデシルオキシ)ベンジル並びにポリへドラルオリゴメリックシルセスキオキサンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の光増感剤。
- 重合性基を有する化合物と、
光酸発生剤と、
請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の光増感剤と、
を含む、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。 - 前記重合性基を有する化合物が、カチオン重合性基を有する化合物である、請求項8に記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。
- 前記カチオン重合性基を有する化合物が、エポキシ樹脂である、請求項9に記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。
- 前記光酸発生剤が、ジアリールヨードニウム塩系化合物である、請求項8~10のいずれか1項に記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。
- 重合性基を有する化合物と、
ラジカル発生剤と、
請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の光増感剤と、
を含む、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。 - 前記重合性基が、遊離基重合性基である、請求項12に記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。
- 前記遊離基重合性基が、(メタ)アクリロイル基である、請求項13に記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。
- 前記ラジカル発生剤が、ジアリールヨードニウム塩系化合物又は有機過酸化物である、請求項12~14のいずれか1項に記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物。
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