JP7253518B2 - 哺乳動物細胞を用いたヘテロ多量体タンパク質の生成 - Google Patents
哺乳動物細胞を用いたヘテロ多量体タンパク質の生成 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2014年5月6日出願の米国仮出願第61/989509号の優先権の利益を主張し、この出願はその全体が参照により本明細書に援用される。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することのできる第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(B)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することのできる第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;及び
(c)第1の宿主細胞と第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、混合培養培地は、第1及び第2の宿主細胞の細胞膜を破壊することなく得られた。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することのできる第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドと二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することのできる第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を、第1及び第2の宿主細胞の細胞膜を破壊することなく得る工程であって、混合培養培地が第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む、混合培養培地を得る工程;
(d)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において混合培養培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(e)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である方法が提供される。特定の実施態様では、方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。上記実施態様のいずれかによる(又はそのような実施態様に適用される)特定の実施態様では、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは、第1及び第2の重鎖を含む。本明細書に記載される実施態様のいずれかによる(又はそのような実施態様に適用される特定の実施態様では、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖は第1の半分の抗体を含む。本明細書に記載される実施態様のいずれかによる(又はそのような実施態様に適用される特定の実施態様では、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖は第2の半分の抗体を含む。
(2)第2の宿主細胞培養物のための第2の培養培地を回収すること;及び
(3)第1の培養培地と第2の培養培地を混合して混合培養培地を得ること
を含む。
(a)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養物を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、第2の宿主細胞は、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞はそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である、培養する工程;
(b)混合培養物に還元剤を加える工程;並びに
(c)細胞膜を破壊することなく、混合培養物から、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含む混合培養培地を回収する工程
を含む方法が提供される。
ADCC=抗体依存性細胞介在性細胞傷害性
API=抗病原体イムノアドヘシン
BPI=殺菌性/浸透性増加タンパク質
C1q=補体因子1q
CD=分化のクラスター
CDC=補体依存性細胞傷害
CH1又はCH1=重鎖の第1の定常ドメイン
CH2又はCH2=重鎖の第2の定常ドメイン
CH3又はCH3=重鎖の第3の定常ドメイン
CH4又はCH4=重鎖の第4の定常ドメイン
CL又はCL=軽鎖の定常ドメイン
CTLA=細胞傷害性Tリンパ球結合分子
Fc=結晶性断片
Fc(R=IgGのFc部分の受容体ガンマ
HIV=ヒト免疫不全ウイルス
ICAM=細胞間接着分子
BsAb=二重特異性抗体
BsDb=二重特異性ダイアボディ
dsFv=ジスルフィド安定化Fv
Fc=抗体の定常断片
Fd=抗体のVH+CH1
FcR=Fc受容体
Fv=抗体の可変断片
IgG=免疫グロブリンG
mAb=モノクローナル抗体
PBL=末梢血リンパ球
scDb=単鎖ダイアボディ
scFv=単鎖Fv
(scFv)2=scFv-scFvタンデム
Tandab=タンデムダイアボディ
VH又はVH=抗体の重鎖の可変ドメイン
VL又はVL=抗体の軽鎖の可変ドメイン
「ヘテロ多量体」「ヘテロ多量体複合体」又は「ヘテロ多量体タンパク質」は、第1の軽鎖に結合した、第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドと、第2の軽鎖に関連づけられている、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドとを含む分子であって、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインは第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインと接触面において相互作用し、第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは少なくとも一つの鎖間ジスルフィド結合によりリンクしている分子を指す。ヘテロ多量体は、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、第1の軽鎖、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、及び第2の軽鎖によって形成された「ヘテロ二量体」を含むことができる。代替的に、ヘテロ多量体は、例えば二重特異性抗体を形成することができる。ヘテロ多量体のポリペプチドは、非ペプチド性の共有結合(例えば、ジスルフィド結合)及び/又は非共有結合的相互作用(例えば、水素結合、イオン結合、ファンデルワールス力,及び/又は疎水性相互作用)により互いに相互作用しうる。
コラーゲン疾患に関連する自己免疫性障害、リウマチ、神経性疾患、虚血性再灌流障害、血圧応答の低下、血管機能不全、抗結核症、組織傷害、心血管虚血、痛覚過敏、脳虚血、及び血管新生に付随する疾患、アレルギー性過敏症障害、糸球体腎炎、再灌流傷害、心筋若しくは他の組織の再灌流傷害、急性炎症成分を有する皮膚疾患、急性化膿性髄膜炎又はその他の中枢神経系炎症性障害、眼球及び眼窩の炎症性障害、顆粒球輸血関連症候群、サイトカイン誘導毒性、急性重篤感染症、慢性難治性炎症、腎盂炎、肺線維症、糖尿病網膜症、糖尿病性大血管障害、動脈内膜過形成、消化性潰瘍、弁膜炎、及び子宮内膜症が含まれる。
現行の技術を用いたヘテロ多量体タンパク質、例えば、多重特異性抗体の生成は、中でも生成物の混合物の生成、収率の低下及びエフェクター機能の低減/消失を含む欠点を有する。したがって、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を効率的に且つ高レベルで生成することが望ましい。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現及び分泌することのできる第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現及び分泌することのできる第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに
(c)第1の宿主細胞と第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を、第1及び第2の宿主細胞の細胞膜を破壊することなく得る工程
を含み、ここで混合培養培地がヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含み、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することのできる第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドと二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することのできる第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程;
(d)混合培養培地を還元条件下でインキュベートする工程、並びに;
(e)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに、
(c)第1の宿主細胞と第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程
を含み、ここで混合培養培地がヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含み、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、第1及び第2の核酸は一つの核酸分子であるが、他の特定の実施態様では、第1及び第2の核酸は異なる核酸分子である。特定の実施態様では、第3及び第4の核酸は一つの核酸分子であるが、他の特定の実施態様では、第3及び第4の核酸は異なる核酸分子である。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第2の宿主細胞は第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を、第1及び第2の宿主細胞の細胞膜を破壊することなく得る工程であって、混合培養培地が第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む、混合培養培地を得る工程;
(d)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において混合培養培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(e)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、第1及び第2の核酸は一つの核酸分子であるが、他の特定の実施態様では、第1及び第2の核酸は異なる核酸分子である。特定の実施態様では、第3及び第4の核酸は一つの核酸分子であるが、他の特定の実施態様では、第3及び第4の核酸は異なる核酸分子である。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに、
(c)第1の宿主細胞と第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程
を含み、ここで混合培養培地がヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含み、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第2の宿主細胞は第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を、第1及び第2の宿主細胞の細胞膜を破壊することなく得る工程であって、混合培養培地が第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む、混合培養培地を得る工程;
(d)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において混合培養培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(e)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1の細胞培養物中において、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2の細胞培養物中において、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに,
(c)第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から第1の培養培地を回収する工程;
(d)第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から第2の培養培地を回収する工程;
(e)第1の培養培地と第2の培養培地を混合して混合培養培地を得る工程であって、混合培養培地がヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含む、混合培養培地を得る工程
を含む。特定の実施態様では、第1の培養培地を回収することは、第1の細胞培養物から第1の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。特定の実施態様では、第2の培養培地を回収することは、第2の細胞培養物から第2の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1の細胞培養物中において、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2の細胞培養物中において、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第2の宿主細胞は第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から、第1のホモ二量体を含む第1の培養培地を回収する工程;
(d)第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から、第2のホモ二量体を含む第2の培養培地を回収する工程;
(e)第1の培養培地と第2の培養培地を混合し、第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む混合培養培地を得る工程;
(f)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において混合培養培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(g)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、第1の培養培地を回収することは、第1の細胞培養物から第1の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。特定の実施態様では、第2の培養培地を回収することは、第2の細胞培養物から第2の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1の細胞培養物中において、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2の細胞培養物中において、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに,
(c)第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から第1の培養培地を回収する工程;
(d)第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から第2の培養培地を回収する工程;
(e)第1の培養培地と第2の培養培地を混合して混合培養培地を得る工程であって、混合培養培地がヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含む、混合培養培地を得る工程
を含む。特定の実施態様では、第1の培養培地を回収することは、第1の細胞培養物から第1の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。特定の実施態様では、第2の培養培地を回収することは、第2の細胞培養物から第2の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。
(a)第1の細胞培養物中において、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2の細胞培養物中において、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第2の宿主細胞は第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から、第1のホモ二量体を含む第1の培養培地を回収する工程;
(d)第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞から、第2のホモ二量体を含む第2の培養培地を回収する工程;
(e)第1の培養培地と第2の培養培地を混合し、第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む混合培養培地を得る工程;
(f)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において混合培養培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(g)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、第1の培養培地を回収することは、第1の細胞培養物から第1の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。特定の実施態様では、第2の培養培地を回収することは、第2の細胞培養物から第2の宿主細胞を除去することを含む。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに,
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞を含む混合細胞培養物の培養培地を回収し、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含む、第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞及び第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程
を含む。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第2の宿主細胞は第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞を含む混合細胞培養物の培養培地を回収し、第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む、第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞及び第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程;
(d)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(e)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに,
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞を含む混合細胞培養物の培養培地を回収し、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含む、第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞及び第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程
を含む。
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第1の核酸及び第1の軽鎖をコードする第2の核酸を含む第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードする第3の核酸及び第2の軽鎖をコードする第4の核酸を含む第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、第2の宿主細胞は第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞を含む混合細胞培養物の培養培地を回収し、第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む、第1の哺乳動物の宿主細胞及び第2の哺乳動物の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程;
(d)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(e)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である。特定の実施態様では、本方法は更に、混合培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む。
本発明により更に提供されるのは、本明細書に記載される方法のいずれか一つによって生成されるヘテロ多量体タンパク質である。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質は、抗体のFc領域又はその変異体(例えば改変されたADCC機能を有する変異体)を含む。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質は、抗体のFc領域又はその変異体(例えば、改変されたADCC機能を有する変異体)の大部分を含む。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質は、CH1、CH2,及び/又はCH3ドメインの一部のみを含む重鎖を含む。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質は、CH1、CH2,及び/又はCH3ドメインの一部のみを含む抗体断片である。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質は抗体である。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質は二重特異性抗体である。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質はヒト化抗体である。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質はヒト抗体である。特定の実施態様では、抗体はIgG(例えばIgG1、IgG2、又はIgG4)、IgA、又はIgDである。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の第1の軽鎖及び第2の軽鎖は異なる可変ドメイン配列を含む。特定の実施態様では、本明細書に提供される方法によって生成されるヘテロ多量体タンパク質の第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは、Fc領域又はその変異体を含む。特定の実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは抗体重鎖を含む。
ヘテロ多量体タンパク質はヘテロ多量体化ドメインを含む。実質的に均一なヘテロ二量体分子の集団を生成するために、ヘテロ二量体化ドメインは、ホモ二量体よりヘテロ二量体を形成する強力な優先性を有さなければならない。本明細書に例示されるヘテロ多量体タンパク質はノブ・イントゥー・ホール技術を用いてヘテロ多量体化を助長するが、当業者には本発明において有用な他のヘテロ多量体化ドメインが明らかであろう。
多重特異性抗体の生成方法としてのノブ・イントゥー・ホールの使用は、当技術分野で周知である。1998年3月24日に本出願人に許可された米国特許第5731168号、2009年7月16日に発行されてAmgenに譲渡された国際公開第2009089004号、及び2009年7月16日に公開されてNovo Nordisk A/Sに譲渡された米国特許出願公開第20090182127号参照のこと。更には、Marvin and Zhu, Acta Pharmacologica Sincia (2005) 26(6):649-658 and Kontermann (2005) Acta Pharacol. Sin., 26:1-9を参照されたい。本明細書には簡単な説明を提供する。
本発明のヘテロ多量体タンパク質(例えば、抗体)の組み換え生産の場合、それをコードする核酸が単離され、さらなるクローニング(DNAの増幅)又は発現のために複製可能なベクター中に挿入される。抗体をコードするDNAは、容易に単離され、従来の手順を用いて (例えば、抗体の重鎖と軽鎖をコードする遺伝子に特異的に結合できるオリゴヌクレオチドプローブを使用することによって)配列決定される。多くのベクターが入手可能である。ベクターの選択は、部分的には、使用される宿主細胞に依存する。一般に、宿主細胞は哺乳動物を起源とする。IgG、IgM、IgA、IgD、及びIgE定常領域を含む、あらゆるアイソタイプの定常領域がこの目的のために使用できること、並びにそのような定常領域は任意のヒト又は動物種から得ることができることを理解されたい。
一般にベクター成分には、限定されないが、以下のうちの一又は複数が含まれる:シグナル配列、複製開始点、一又は複数のマーカー遺伝子、エンハンサーエレメント、プロモーター、及び転写終結配列。
哺乳動物宿主細胞における使用のためのベクターには、対象の成熟タンパク質又はポリペプチドのN末端に特異的な切断部位を有するシグナル配列又は他のポリペプチドも含まれうる。好ましくは、選択された異種シグナル配列は、宿主細胞によって認識されプロセシングされる(すなわち、シグナルペプチダーゼによって切断される)ものである。哺乳動物の細胞発現では、哺乳動物シグナル配列並びにウイルス分泌リーダー、例えば単純ヘルペスgDシグナルが利用可能である。このような前駆体領域のDNAは、リーディングフレーム内で、所望の(一又は複数の)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質(例えば、抗体)をコードするDNAに結合される。
一般に、複製開始点成分は、哺乳動物発現ベクターには必要でない。例えば、SV40起源が典型的に使用されるが、これは単に、早期プロモーターを含有しているためである。
発現ベクター及びクローニングべクターは、選択可能マーカーとも呼ばれる選択遺伝子を含有しうる。典型的な選択遺伝子は、(a)抗生物質又は他の毒素、例えば、アンピシリン、ネオマイシン、メトトレキセート、又はテトラサイクリンに耐性を付与する、(b)適切である場合は、栄養要求性欠陥を補う、又は(c)複合培地から得られない重要な栄養素を供給する、タンパク質をコードする。
発現ベクター及びクローニングベクターは通常、宿主生物によって認識され、所望のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド核酸に作動可能に結合されたプロモーターを含有する。哺乳動物細胞に関するプロモーター配列が既知である。実質的にすべての哺乳動物遺伝子は、転写が開始される部位からおよそ25から30塩基上流に位置するATリッチ領域を有している。多くの遺伝子の転写の開始から70から80塩基上流に見出されるもう一つの配列は、Nが任意のヌクレオチドであるCNCAAT領域である。ほとんどの哺乳動物遺伝子の3’末端には、コード配列の3’末端にポリAテイルを付加するためのシグナルでありうるAATAAA配列がある。これら配列のすべては、哺乳動物の発現ベクター中に適切に挿入される。
哺乳動物宿主細胞による、所望のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド(複数を含む)及び軽鎖(複数を含む)をコードするDNAの転写は、ベクター中にエンハンサー配列を挿入することにより増加させることができる。現在、哺乳動物遺伝子(例えば、グロビン、エラスターゼ、アルブミン、α-フェトプロテイン、及びインスリン遺伝子)由来の多数のエンハンサー配列が既知である。また、哺乳動物細胞ウイルス由来のエンハンサーを使用してもよい。例として、複製開始点の後期側のSV40エンハンサー(bp 100-270)、サイトメガロウイルス初期プロモーターエンハンサー、複製開始点の後期側のポリオーマエンハンサー、及びアデノウイルスエンハンサーが挙げられる。真核性プロモーター活性化の亢進要素については、Yaniv, Nature 297:17-18 (1982)の記載も参照のこと。エンハンサーは、それが機能する限り、抗体ポリペプチドコード配列の5’又は3’位でベクター中にスプライシングされてよいが、一般には、プロモーターから5’位に位置している。
哺乳動物宿主細胞において使用される発現ベクターは、典型的には、転写終結のため及びmRNA安定化のために必要な配列も含有するであろう。このような配列は、哺乳動物又はウイルスのDNA又はcDNAの未翻訳領域である、通常は5’、場合によっては3’から取得できる。これら領域は、抗体をコードするmRNAの未翻訳部分においてポリアデニル化断片として転写されるヌクレオチドセグメントを含む。一つの有用な転写終結成分は、ウシ成長ホルモンポリアデニル化領域である。国際公開第94/11026号及びそこに開示の発現ベクターを参照のこと。
本明細書におけるベクター中のクローニング又はDNA発現のために適切な宿主細胞には、脊椎動物の宿主細胞を含む、本明細書に記載の哺乳動物細胞が含まれる。培養物(組織培養物)中の脊椎動物細胞の伝播は常套的手順となっている。有用な哺乳動物宿主細胞株の例は、SV40によって形質転換されたサル腎臓CV1株(COS-7、ATCC CRL 1651);ヒト胎児腎臓株(Graham et al., J. Gen Virol. 36: 59 (1977)に記載の、浮遊培養における増殖のためにサブクローニングされた293又は293細胞);ベビーハムスター腎臓細胞(BHK、ATCC CCL 10);チャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞/-DHFR(CHO, Urlaub et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:4216 (1980));マウスセルトリ細胞(TM4、Mather, Biol. Reprod. 23: 243-251 (1980));サル腎臓細胞(CV1 ATCC CCL 70);アフリカミドリザル腎臓細胞(VERO-76、ATCC CRL-1587);ヒト子宮頸癌細胞(HELA、ATCC CCL 2);イヌ腎臓細胞(MDCK、ATCC CCL 34);バッファローラット肝臓細胞(BRL 3A、ATCC CRL 1442);ヒト肺細胞(W138、ATCC CCL 75);ヒト肝臓細胞(Hep G2、HB 8065);マウス乳房腫瘍(MMT 060562、ATCC CCL51);TRI細胞(Mather et al., Annals N. Y Acad. Sci. 383: 44-68 (1982));MRC5細胞;FS4細胞;及びヒト肝がん系(Hep G2)である。
本発明の所望のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び軽鎖を生成するために使用される宿主細胞は、種々の培養培地において培養されうる。市販の培養培地、例えばHamのF10(シグマ)、最小必須培地((MEM)、(シグマ)、RPMI-1640(シグマ)及びダルベッコの改良イーグル培地((DMEM),シグマ)が宿主細胞の培養に好適である。加えて、Ham et al., Meth. Enz. 58:44 (1979), Barnes et al., Anal. Biochem.102:255 (1980)、米国特許第4767704号;同第4657866号;同第4927762号;同第4560655号;又は同第5122469号;国際公開90/03430号;国際公開第87/00195号;又は米国再発行特許第30985号に記載の培養培地のいずれもが、宿主細胞の培養培地として使用できる。これらの培養培地のいずれにも、ホルモン及び/又は他の増殖因子(例えばインスリン、トランスフェリン、又は上皮増殖因子)、塩(例えば塩化ナトリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、及びホスフェート)、緩衝剤(例えばHEPES)、ヌクレオチド(例えばアデノシン及びチミジン)、抗生物質(例えばゲンタマイシンTM薬)、微量元素(最終濃度がマイクロモル範囲で通常存在する無機化合物として定義される)、及びグルコース又は同等のエネルギー源を必要に応じて補充することができる。他のいずれかの必要な補充物を、当業者に既知の適切な濃度で含めてもよい。温度、pH等の培養条件は、発現用に選択された宿主細胞で先に用いられたものであり、当業者には明らかであろう。
組み換え技術を用いるとき、軽鎖ポリペプチドに結合したヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは、細胞内で生成されうる、又は培地中に直接分泌されうる。ヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び軽鎖ポリペプチドが細胞内で生成される場合、最初の工程として、宿主細胞又は溶解断片である微粒子状破片は、例えば遠心分離又は限外濾過により除去される。軽鎖ポリペプチドに結合したヒンジ含有ポリペプチドが培地中に分泌される場合、このような発現系の上澄み液は通常、市販のタンパク質濃縮フィルター、例えば、Amicon又はMillipore Pellicon限外濾過ユニットを用いてまず濃縮される。PMSFなどのプロテアーゼ阻害剤を、タンパク質分解を阻害するために前述の工程のいずれかに含めることができ、抗生物質は、偶発的夾雑物の増殖を防ぐために含めることができる。
完全なヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成は、ジスルフィド結合形成による第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、第1の軽鎖、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、及び第2の軽鎖の再集合を伴い、これを本発明ではリフォールディングという。リフォールディングは、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドと第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドの結合、及び例えば、二重特異性抗体を形成するための、鎖間ジスルフィド結合の形成を含む。したがって、本明細書に提供される方法のいくつかの実施態様では、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の鎖間ジスルフィド結合は、第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドのヒンジ領域間におけるものである。リフォールディングは、本発明では再生ともいい、インビトロで行われる。
本発明のヘテロ多量体タンパク質により標的とされうる分子の例には、限定されないが、可溶型血清タンパク質及びその受容体、並びに他の膜結合タンパク質(例えば、アドヘシン)が含まれる。
一又は複数の標的に結合することができる。
本発明のヘテロ多量体タンパク質は、当技術分野において既知の様々なアッセイにより、それらの物理的/化学的特性及び生物学的機能に関して特徴付けすることができる。
本発明は、コンジュゲートされた抗体又はイムノコンジュゲート(例えば、「抗体-薬物コンジュゲート」即ち「ADC」)、のようなコンジュゲートタンパク質も提供し、これには、軽鎖又は重鎖の定常領域の一つが、化学分子、例えば染料、又は細胞傷害性剤、例えば化学療法剤、薬物、増殖阻害剤、毒素(例えば、細菌、真菌、植物、又は動物由来の酵素的に活性な毒素又はその断片)、又は放射性同位体(即ち、放射性コンジュゲート)にコンジュゲートしている本明細書に記載のヘテロ多量体タンパク質(例えば、本明細書に記載される方法に従って作製される抗体)が含まれる。特に、本明細書に記載されるように、ヘテロ多量体化ドメインの使用により、二つの異なる重鎖(HC1及びHC2)並びに二つの異なる軽鎖(LC1及びLC2)を含む抗体の構築が可能になる。本明細書に記載される方法を用いて構築されたイムノコンジュゲートは、重鎖の一方のみの定常領域(HC1若しくはHC2)又は軽鎖の一方のみの定常領域(LC1若しくはLC2)にコンジュゲートした細胞傷害性剤を含みうる。また、イムノコンジュゲートは、一方の重鎖又は軽鎖のみに付着した細胞傷害性剤を有することができるため、対象に投与される細胞傷害性剤の量は、両方の重鎖又は軽鎖に付着した細胞傷害性剤を有する抗体の投与と比較して、低減する。対象に投与される細胞傷害性剤の量を低減することにより、細胞傷害性剤に関連づけられる有害な副作用が制限される。
いくつかの実施態様において、イムノコンジュゲートは、一又は複数のメイタンシノイド分子にコンジュゲートした本発明の抗体(完全長又は断片)を含む。
いくつかの実施態様では、イムノコンジュゲートは、ドラスタチン又はドロスタチンのペプチドアナログ及び誘導体である、アウリスタチン(米国特許第5635483号及び同第5780588号)にコンジュゲートした本発明の抗体を含む。ドラスタチン及びアウリスタチンは微小管動態、GTP加水分解及び核と細胞の分割を妨げ(Woyke et al., Antimicrob. Agents and Chemother. 45(12):3580-3584 (2001))、抗がん活性(米国特許第5663149号)及び抗真菌活性(Pettit et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:2961-2965 (1998))を有することが示されている。ドラスタチン又はアウリスタチン薬物部分は、ペプチド性薬物部分のN(アミノ)末端又はC(カルボキシル)末端を介して抗体に結合されうる(国際公開第02/088172号)。
他の実施態様では、イムノコンジュゲートは、一又は複数のカリケアマイシン分子にコンジュゲートした本発明の抗体を含む。抗生物質のカリケアマイシンファミリーはピコモル以下の濃度で二本鎖DNA破壊を生じさせる能力がある。カリケアマイシンファミリーのコンジュゲートの調製については、米国特許第5712374号、同第5714586号、同第5739116号、同第5767285号、同第5770701号、同第5770710号、同第5773001号、及び同第5877296号(すべてAmerican Cyanamid Company)を参照のこと。使用されうるカリケアマイシンの構造類似体は、限定されないが、γ1 I、α2 I、α3 I、N-アセチル-γ1 I、PSAG及びθI 1(Hinman et al., Cancer Research 53:3336-3342 (1993), Lode et al., Cancer Research 58:2925-2928 (1998)及び上記したAmerican Cyanamidへの米国特許)を含む。抗体がコンジュゲートできる別の抗腫瘍薬は、葉酸代謝拮抗薬であるQFAである。カリケアマイシン及びQFAはどちらも、細胞内作用部位を有しており原形質膜を容易に通過しない。したがって、抗体媒介性の内部移行によるこれらの薬剤の細胞への取り込みにより、薬剤の細胞傷害効果が大きく向上する。
本発明の抗体にコンジュゲートできる又は本明細書に記載の方法に従って作製することができる他の抗腫瘍剤は、BCNU、ストレプトゾシン(streptozoicin)、ビンクリスチン及び5-フルオロウラシル、米国特許第5053394号;同5770710号に記載されており、集合的にLL-E33288複合体として知られる薬剤のファミリー、並びにエスペラミシン(米国特許第5877296号)を含む。
本発明のコンジュゲート抗体では、抗体は、抗体一つにつき、一又は複数の部分(例えば、薬物部分)、例えば、約1から約20の部分に、任意選択的にリンカーを介してコンジュゲートしている。コンジュゲート抗体は、(1)抗体の求核基と、共有結合を介した二価のリンカー試薬と反応と、それに続く対象の部分との反応;及び(2)一部分の求核基と、共有結合を介した二価のリンカー試薬との反応と、それに続く抗体の求核基との反応を含む、当業者に既知の有機化学反応、条件、及び試薬を利用する複数のルートにより調製されうる。コンジュゲート抗体を調製するための追加的な方法は本明細書に記載されている。
本明細書に提供される本発明の方法は、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の生産に工業的利用性を見出す。本方法は、二つの別個の発酵に固有の技術的困難性である、二つの別個の発酵及び単離に伴う作業量を低減する。更に、先行技術の方法手順のアニール(annealment)及びレドックス工程の排除により、収率が上昇し、処理の複雑性とコストが低減しうる。
本明細書に記載される抗体及び抗体断片(例えば、本明細書に記載される方法に従って作製される抗体及び/又はその断片)は、治療的用途に使用することができる。例えば、このようなヘテロ多量体タンパク質は、前がん性、非転移性、転移性及びがん性腫瘍(例えば、早期ステージのがん)を含む腫瘍の治療のため、アレルギー性若しくは炎症性障害の治療のため、又は自己免疫疾患の治療のため、或いはがん(例えば、乳がん、結腸直腸がん、肺がん、腎細胞癌、神経膠腫、若しくは卵巣がん)、アレルギー性若しくは炎症性障害、又は自己免疫疾患を発症するリスクを有する対象の治療のために使用することができる。
神経性疾患、虚血性再灌流障害、血圧応答の低下、血管機能不全、抗結核症、組織傷害、心血管虚血、痛覚過敏、脳虚血、及び血管新生に付随する疾患、アレルギー性過敏症障害、糸球体腎炎、再灌流傷害、心筋若しくは他の組織の再灌流傷害、急性炎症成分を有する皮膚疾患、急性化膿性髄膜炎又はその他の中枢神経系炎症性障害、眼球及び眼窩の炎症性障害、顆粒球輸血関連症候群、サイトカイン誘導毒性、急性重篤感染症、慢性難治性炎症、腎盂炎、肺線維症、糖尿病網膜症、糖尿病性大血管障害、動脈内膜過形成、消化性潰瘍、弁膜炎、及び子宮内膜症が含まれる。
本発明のタンパク質は、医学実行動規範に合致する方法で処方され、調剤され、投与される。この観点において考慮すべき要因は、治療される特定の障害、治療される特定の哺乳動物、個々の対象の臨床状態、障害の原因、薬剤送達部位、投与方法、投与日程及び医療従事者に既知の他の要因を含む。投与されるタンパク質の「治療的有効量」は、このような考慮事項によって決まり、特定の障害(例えば、がん、アレルギー性若しくは炎症性障害、又は自己免疫障害)を予防、改善又は治療するために必要な最小量である。このタンパク質は、必ずしも必須ではないが任意選択的に、疾患を予防若しくは治療するのに目下使用されている一又は複数の薬剤と共に製剤化される。このような他の薬剤の有効量は、製剤中に存在するタンパク質の量、疾患又は治療の種類、及び上記以外の要因によって決まる。このような他の薬剤は通常、上文で用いられたのと同じ用量及び投与経路で、又は従来用量の約1から99%で使用される。一般に、がんの緩和又は治療は、がんに関連付けられる一又は複数の症候又は医療上の問題を軽減することを含む。治療的有効量の薬物は、以下のうちの一つ又は組み合わせを達成することができる:(少なくとも10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、100%又はそれを上回る)がん細胞の数を減少させる;腫瘍の大きさ又は腫瘍負荷を縮小又は抑制する;末梢臓器へのがん細胞の浸潤を阻害する(即ち、ある程度減及び/又は停止させる);腺腫の場合のホルモン分泌を減少させる;血管密度を低下させる;腫瘍転移を阻害する;腫瘍増殖を低減又は阻害する;及び/又はがんに関連付けられる症候の一又は複数をある程度軽減する。いくつかの実施態様では、タンパク質は、対象中のがん又は自己免疫障害の発生又は再発を予防するために使用される。
本発明の別の実施態様は、本明細書に記載される一又は複数のヘテロ多量体タンパク質と、障害(例えば、自己免疫疾患又はがん)の治療又は診断に有用な物質とを含む製造品である。製造品は、容器と容器上の又は容器に付随するラベル又は添付文書を含む。適切な容器は、例えばボトル、バイアル、シリンジなどを含む。容器はガラス又はプラスチックなどの様々な材料から形成されうる。容器は、病態を治療するのに有効な組成物を保持し、無菌アクセスポートを有してもよい(例えば、容器は、皮下注射針によって穿孔可能なストッパーを有する静脈注射用溶液のバッグ又はバイアルとすることができる)。組成物中の少なくとも一つの活性な薬剤は、本発明のヘテロ多量体タンパク質(例えば、抗体又は抗体断片)である。ラベル又は添付文書は、組成物が特定の状態を治療するために使用されることを示す。ラベル又は添付文書は更に、対象に対してヘテロ多量体タンパク質組成物を投与することに関する指示を含むであろう。本明細書に記載されるコンビナトリアルセラピーを含む製造品及びキットも考慮される。
以下の実施例は、各々がノブ半抗体又はホール半抗体を発現する二つの哺乳動物の細胞株(CHO細胞)を同じ培養物中において増殖させたときの、ノブ半抗体とホール半抗体のモル比を示す。
抗標的A(ノブ)/抗標的B(ホール)
抗標的C(ノブ)/抗標的D(ホール)
抗標的D(ノブ)/抗標的C(ホール)
抗標的E(ノブ)/抗標的F(ホール)
以下の実施例は、抗標的A(ノブ)及び抗標的B(ホール)を含む二重特異性抗体の生成の異なる工程の間の還元剤の添加を示す。まず、抗標的A(ノブ)又は抗標的B(ホール)を発現する二つの哺乳動物細胞株を増殖させ、別々の培養物中においてノブ半抗体又はホール半抗体を発現するように誘導し、次いでこれらを複数の別個の生成培養物中で混合し、上述のようにして抗標的A(ノブ):抗標的B(ホール)に1:1のモル比を達成した。GSH原液を生成培養物に、最終濃度が2mM、4mM、又は10mMとなるように回収の24時間、15時間、又は4時間前に加えたか、又は培養物を未処理のまま放置した。次いで生成培養物の各々由来の混合培養培地を回収し、各混合培養物について、%ノブ半抗体及び%ホール半抗体を、還元条件下における逆相により決定した。試験した各比について形成された%共有結合的二重特異性抗体を、図2に記載されるようにして決定した。
抗標的E(ノブ)及び抗標的F(ホール)を用いて、抗標的Eを発現する哺乳動物宿主細胞(例えば、CHO細胞)及び抗標的Fを発現する哺乳動物細胞(例えば、CHO細胞)の混合培養物により得られる二重特異性抗体の収率と、プロテインAカラムを用いて精製された抗標的E(ノブ)及び精製された抗標的F(ホール)をインビトロで混合することにより得られる二重特異性抗体の収率とを比較する追加実験を実施した。簡潔に説明すると、まず、各々が抗標的E(ノブ)又は抗標的F(ホール)を発現する二つの哺乳動物細胞株を増殖させ、別々の培養物中においてノブ半抗体又はホール半抗体を発現するように誘導した。次いで別々の培養物を混合し、更に時間をかけて増殖させた。混合培養培地を回収し、次いで形成された二重特異性抗体(%)を、図2に示すカチオン交換アッセイにより決定した。並行して、二重特異性抗体を、精製された抗標的E(ノブ)と抗標的F(ホール)をインビトロで混合することにより形成した(例えば、国際公開第2013/055958号参照)。両方の条件下で形成された二重特異性抗体の最終的な収率は同等であった(データは示さない)。
抗標的G(ノブ)及び抗標的H(ホール)を用いて抗標的G/抗標的Gホモ二量体を含む精製された抗標的Gの半抗体の調製物、及び抗標的H/抗標的H ホモ二量体を含む精製された抗標的Hの半抗体の調製物から、二重特異性の抗標的G/抗標的H抗体が形成できるかどうかを試験する追加実験を実施した。半抗体の抗標的G(ノブ)を一過性に発現する哺乳動物宿主細胞(例えば、CHO細胞)、及び半抗体の抗標的H(ホール)を一過性に発現する哺乳動物宿主細胞(例えば、CHO細胞)の、別個の培養物を、上述のように増殖させて回収した。
<さらなる実施態様>
[実施態様1]
i)第1の軽鎖に結合した、第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、及びii)第2の軽鎖に結合した、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドを含むヘテロ多量体タンパク質の調製方法であって、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインは第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインと接触面において相互作用し、第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは少なくとも一つの鎖間ジスルフィド結合により結合しており、当該方法は、
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することのできる第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することのできる第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;並びに
(c)第1の宿主細胞と第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を、第1及び第2の宿主細胞の細胞膜を破壊することなく得る工程
を含み、ここで混合培養培地はヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含み、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である、方法。
[実施態様2]
i)第1の軽鎖に結合した、第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、及びii)第2の軽鎖に結合した、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドを含むヘテロ多量体タンパク質の調製方法であって、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインは第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインと接触面において相互作用し、第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは少なくとも一つの鎖間ジスルフィド結合により結合しており、当該方法は、
(a)第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することのできる第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドと二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体が分泌される、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することのできる第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程であって、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体が分泌される、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を、第1及び第2の宿主細胞の細胞膜を破壊することなく得る工程であって、混合培養培地が第1のホモ二量体及び第2のホモ二量体を含む、混合培養培地を得る工程;
(d)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において混合培養培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(e)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含み、ここで第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞がそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である、方法。
[実施態様3]
混合培養培地を得る工程が:
(1)第1の宿主細胞のための第1の培養培地を回収すること;
(2)第2の宿主細胞のための第2の培養培地を回収すること;及び
(3)第1の培養培地と第2の培養培地を混合して混合培養培地を得ること
を含む、実施態様1又は2に記載の方法。
[実施態様4]
混合培養培地を得る工程が、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞を含む混合細胞培養物の培養培地を回収することを含む、実施態様1又は2に記載の方法。
[実施態様5]
第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞が、混合細胞培養物へと混合される前に別々に培養される、実施態様4に記載の方法。
[実施態様6]
混合細胞培養物を約25℃から約40℃の温度で培養する工程を更に含む、実施態様4又は5に記載の方法。
[実施態様7]
混合培養培地を撹拌することを更に含む、実施態様1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様8]
混合培養培地からヘテロ多量体タンパク質を単離することを更に含む、実施態様1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様9]
ヘテロ多量体タンパク質がプロテインAカラムを用いて単離される、実施態様8に記載の方法。
[実施態様10]
第1及び第2の細胞培養培地が回収される前に又は後で、第1の細胞培養培地及び/又は第2の細胞培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む、実施態様3に記載の方法。
[実施態様11]
混合細胞培養物の培養培地が回収される前に、混合細胞培養物の培養培地に還元剤を加えることを含む、実施態様4から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様12]
還元剤が、回収する工程の約4から約24時間前に加えられる、実施態様10又は11に記載の方法。
[実施態様13]
還元剤が、回収する工程の約15時間前に加えられる、実施態様12に記載の方法。
[実施態様14]
混合細胞培養培地に還元剤を加えることを更に含む、実施態様1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様15]
還元剤を含む混合培養培地が約4時間から約7日間にわたって更にインキュベートされる、実施態様14に記載の方法。
[実施態様16]
還元剤を含む混合培養培地が約15時間にわたって更にインキュベートされる、実施態様15に記載の方法。
[実施態様17]
還元剤が、混合培養培地からヘテロ多量体タンパク質を単離する前に混合培養培地に加えられる、実施態様16に記載の方法。
[実施態様18]
還元剤を含む混合培養培地が、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の単離に先立って少なくとも約24時間にわたってインキュベートされる、実施態様17に記載の方法。
[実施態様19]
ヘテロ多量体タンパク質がプロテインAカラムを用いて単離される、実施態様18に記載の方法。
[実施態様20]
i)第1の軽鎖に結合した、第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、及びii)第2の軽鎖に結合した、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドを含むヘテロ多量体タンパク質の調製方法であって、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインは第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインと接触面において相互作用し、第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは少なくとも一つの鎖間ジスルフィド結合により結合しており、当該方法は、
(a)二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及びそれらの結合軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体を発現することのできる、第1の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(b)二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及びそれらの結合軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体を発現することのできる、第2の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(c)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養培地を得る工程;
(c)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の形成を可能にするために十分な還元条件下において混合培養培地をインキュベートする工程;並びに
(d)ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を得る工程
を含む方法。
[実施態様21]
還元剤が、グルタチオン、2-メルカプトエタノール、2-メルカプトエチルアミン、トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン(TCEP)、システイン、システイン、ジチオスレイトール、システインジチオスレイトール、ジチオールブチルアミン、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、実施態様14から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様22]
還元剤がグルタチオンであり、グルタチオンが約5mMから約20mM以下の濃度で加えられる、実施態様21に記載の方法。
[実施態様23]
還元剤がグルタチオンであり、グルタチオンが約2mMから約10mMの濃度で加えられる、実施態様22に記載の方法。
[実施態様24]
還元剤がグルタチオンであり、グルタチオンが約5mMから約20mM未満の濃度で加えられる、実施態様22に記載の方法。
[実施態様25]
還元剤がグルタチオンであり、グルタチオンが約15mMの濃度で加えられる、実施態様24に記載の方法。
[実施態様26]
第1の宿主細胞が安定な細胞株である、実施態様1から25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様27]
第2の宿主細胞が安定な細胞株である、実施態様1から26のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様28]
第1の宿主細胞がCHO細胞である、実施態様1から27のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様29]
第2の宿主細胞がCHO細胞である、実施態様1から28のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様30]
第1の宿主細胞と第2の宿主細胞の比が、第1の宿主細胞培養物と第2の宿主細胞培養物が混合されて混合培養物が形成されるときに第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドと第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドのモル比が約1:10から約10:1となるように調節される、実施態様1から29のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様31]
宿主細胞培養物と第2の宿主細胞培養物が混合されて混合培養物が形成されるときに第1の宿主細胞により発現される第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドと第2の宿主細胞により発現される第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドのモル比が約1:1である、実施態様30に記載の方法。
[実施態様32]
ヒンジ含有ポリペプチドがFc領域又はその変異体を含む、実施態様1から31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様33]
第1及び/又は第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドが抗体重鎖を含む、実施態様1から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様34]
第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインが接触面にノブ修飾を含み、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインが接触面にホール修飾を含む、実施態様1から33のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様35]
ノブ修飾が、第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメイン由来の元のアミノ酸残基を、元のアミノ酸残基より大きな側鎖を有するアミノ酸残基で置換することを含む、実施態様34に記載の方法。
[実施態様36]
置換するアミノ酸残基が、トリプトファン、フェニルアラニン、チロシン及びアルギニンからなる群より選択される、実施態様35に記載の方法。
[実施態様37]
ホール修飾が、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメイン由来の元のアミノ酸残基を、元のアミノ酸残基より小さな側鎖を有するアミノ酸残基で置換することを含む、実施態様36に記載の方法。
[実施態様38]
置換するアミノ酸残基が、セリン、スレオニン、バリン、及びアラニンからなる群より選択される、実施態様37に記載の方法。
[実施態様39]
ノブ修飾が、T366Wの置換(EU番号付け)を含む、実施態様34から38のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様40]
ホール修飾が、T366S、L368A及びY407V(EU番号付け)からなる群より選択される二つ以上のアミノ酸の置換を含む、実施態様34から39のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様41]
前記鎖間ジスルフィド結合がヒンジ領域間にある、実施態様1から40のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様42]
ヘテロ多量体タンパク質が抗体である、実施態様1から41のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様43]
ヘテロ多量体タンパク質が二重特異性抗体である、実施態様1から42のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様44]
前記抗体がヒト化又はヒト抗体である、実施態様43に記載の方法。
[実施態様45]
抗体が完全長抗体である、実施態様44に記載の方法。
[実施態様46]
抗体が、ヒトC H 2及び/又はC H 3ドメインの少なくとも一部を含む抗体断片である、実施態様45に記載の方法。
[実施態様47]
抗体が、IgG、IgA及びIgDからなる群より選択される、実施態様42から46のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様48]
抗体がIgGである、実施態様47に記載の方法。
[実施態様49]
抗体がIgG1、IgG2又はIgG4である、実施態様48に記載の方法。
[実施態様50]
第1の軽鎖と第2の軽鎖が異なる可変ドメイン配列を含む、実施態様1から49のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様51]
i)第1の軽鎖に結合した、第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド、及びii)第2の軽鎖に結合した、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインを有する第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドを含むヘテロ多量体タンパク質の調製方法であって、第2のヘテロ二量体化ドメインは第1のヘテロ二量体化ドメインと接触面において相互作用し、第1及び第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドは少なくとも一つの鎖間ジスルフィド結合により結合しており、当該方法は、
(a)第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞の混合培養物を培養する工程であって、第1の宿主細胞は、第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第1の軽鎖を発現することができ、第2の宿主細胞は、第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び第2の軽鎖を発現することができ、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞はそれぞれ哺乳動物細胞である、培養する工程;
(b)混合培養物に還元剤を加える工程;並びに
(c)細胞膜を破壊することなく、混合培養物から、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質を含む混合培養培地を回収する工程
を含む方法。
[実施態様52]
第1の宿主細胞が、二つの第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第1の軽鎖を含む第1のホモ二量体を分泌し、第2の宿主細胞が、二つの第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチド及び二つの第2の軽鎖を含む第2のホモ二量体を分泌する、実施態様51に記載の方法。
[実施態様53]
混合培養培地が、還元剤が加えられてから4時間から24時間後に回収される、実施態様51又は52に記載の方法。
[実施態様54]
混合培養培地を回収する工程が、第1の宿主細胞及び第2の宿主細胞を混合培養培地から除去することを含む、実施態様51から53のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様55]
混合培養培地が4時間から7日間にわたってインキュベートされる、実施態様51から54のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[実施態様56]
実施態様1から55のいずれか一項に記載の方法で生成されたヘテロ多量体タンパク質。
[実施態様57]
二重特異性抗体である、実施態様56に記載のヘテロ多量体タンパク質。
[実施態様58]
実施態様56又は57に記載のヘテロ多量体タンパク質と薬学的に許容される担体とを含む組成物。
[実施態様59]
実施態様56又は57に記載のヘテロ多量体タンパク質の第1のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド又は組み換えベクターを含む宿主細胞であって、ヘテロ多量体タンパク質の第2のヒンジ含有ポリペプチドを発現しない宿主細胞。
[実施態様60]
ヒンジ含有ポリペプチドが抗体重鎖である、実施態様59に記載の宿主細胞。
[実施態様61]
ヒンジ含有ポリペプチドが抗体軽鎖と対になっている、実施態様59又は60に記載の宿主細胞。
[実施態様62]
安定な細胞株である、実施態様59から61のいずれか一項に記載の宿主細胞。
[実施態様63]
哺乳動物細胞である、実施態様59から62のいずれか一項に記載の宿主細胞。
[実施態様64]
CHO細胞である、実施態様59から63のいずれか一項に記載の宿主細胞。
Claims (6)
- (a)第1の重鎖及び第1の軽鎖を発現することのできる第1の哺乳動物宿主細胞;
(b)第2の重鎖及び第2の軽鎖を発現することのできる第2の哺乳動物宿主細胞;及び
(c)グルタチオン
を含む培養物であって、
第1の重鎖はノブ修飾を含み、
第1の重鎖は第1の軽鎖と対になっており、
第2の重鎖はホール修飾を含み、
第2の重鎖は第2の軽鎖と対になっており、
第1の重鎖のノブ修飾は、接触面において、第2の重鎖のホール修飾と相互作用し、
第1の重鎖及び第2の重鎖は、少なくとも一つの鎖間ジスルフィド結合により結合している、
培養物。 - 還元剤がグルタチオンであり、培養物は、約5mMから約20mM以下の濃度でグルタチオンを含む、請求項1に記載の培養物。
- 還元剤がグルタチオンであり、培養物は、約2mMから約10mMの濃度でグルタチオンを含む、請求項1に記載の培養物。
- 還元剤がグルタチオンであり、培養物は、約15mMの濃度でグルタチオンを含む、請求項2に記載の培養物。
- 第1の宿主細胞がCHO細胞である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の培養物。
- 第2の宿主細胞がCHO細胞である、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の培養物。
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