JP7208013B2 - ポリイソシアヌレート複合材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリイソシアヌレート複合材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7208013B2 JP7208013B2 JP2018557424A JP2018557424A JP7208013B2 JP 7208013 B2 JP7208013 B2 JP 7208013B2 JP 2018557424 A JP2018557424 A JP 2018557424A JP 2018557424 A JP2018557424 A JP 2018557424A JP 7208013 B2 JP7208013 B2 JP 7208013B2
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- polyisocyanate composition
- polyisocyanate
- polyisocyanurate
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- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 title claims description 135
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 title claims description 125
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 217
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 217
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 207
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 alkaline earth metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCN=C=O DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical group O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
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- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 26
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- PJMDLNIAGSYXLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-iminooxadiazine-4,5-dione Chemical group N=C1ON=NC(=O)C1=O PJMDLNIAGSYXLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/09—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture
- C08G18/092—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture oligomerisation to isocyanurate groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/02—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only
- C08G18/022—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only the polymeric products containing isocyanurate groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/161—Catalysts containing two or more components to be covered by at least two of the groups C08G18/166, C08G18/18 or C08G18/22
-
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Description
a)オリゴマーポリイソシアネートを含み、モノマージイソシアネートが少ないポリイソシアネート組成物A)を提供する工程であって、「モノマージイソシアネートが少ない」とは、ポリイソシアネート組成物A)が20重量%以下のモノマージイソシアネート含量を有することを意味する工程、および
b)ポリイソシアネート組成物A)を、少なくとも1つの繊維状充填剤B)および三量化触媒C)の存在下で触媒三量化し、複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料を得る工程であって、この三量化触媒C)が少なくとも1つの第四級アンモニウム塩および/または金属塩を含む、工程。
別段の記載がない限り、パーセンテージはすべて重量パーセント(重量%)に基づく。
関連パラメータを決定するために以下に詳述される方法は、実施例を実行/評価するために使用され、一般に本発明に関連するパラメータを決定するための方法でもある。
架橋および冷却後、複合材料をモールドから取り出し、材料のより低い滑らかな面で測定を行った。この目的のために、BYK-Gardner GmbHからのCIE L*a*bシステムスケール、d/8°測定幾何形状およびD65/10°光源/観察者を有するカラーガイド球スピン比色計(color-guide sphere spin colorimeter)を使用した。使用される値は、5回の測定の算術平均に対応する。
ガラス転移温度Tgは、DIN EN 61006に従ってMettler DSC 12E(Mettler Toledo GmbH,Giessen,Germany)を用いてDSC(示差走査熱量測定)によって決定した。較正は、インジウムおよび鉛の溶融開始温度を介して行った。10mgの物質を標準カプセルで秤量した。測定は、20K/分の加熱速度で-50℃~+200℃の3回の加熱を行い、続いて320K/分の冷却速度で冷却することによって行った。冷却は、液体窒素を用いることによって行った。使用したパージガスは窒素であった。以下に述べる値は、調査した反応系において、DSCの熱応力の結果として高温での測定プロセスにおいて試料の変化が可能であるため、いずれの場合も第1加熱曲線の評価に基づいている。決定されたガラス転移温度Tgは、ガラス転移ステップの高さの半分の温度であった。
ショア硬度は、23℃および50%空気湿度でZwick 3100 Shore硬度試験機(Zwick,Germanyから)を用いてDIN 53505で測定した。
耐候性試験は、Atlas Material Testing TechnologyのCi5000で行った。試料を、平滑面がキセノンランプに面した状態で装置に入れ、サイクルを標準SAE J 2527に従って行った。特定の間隔で、亀裂、表面光沢および滑らかさ、外観および色の変化について目視検査を行った。比較のために、いずれの場合にも第2の試料を同様に製造したが、風化させず、代わりに室温および40%~70%の相対湿度で暗所に保ち、参照として利用した。
添加された触媒を含む少量の反応性樹脂材料の粘度を、Anton PaarからのPhysica MCR 51(プレート/プレート;せん断速度1s-1)を用いて23℃で測定した。ポットライフは、試料の粘度が2倍になるのに要した時間であった。
数ミリグラムのポリマーマトリックスを複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料から慎重に削り取った。これの一部をTGA(1000℃)の空気雰囲気下で焼成し、不燃性固体含量(繊維、無機充填剤)を残渣として決定する。次いで、elementar Americas INCからのvario EL Cube中の試料のさらなる部分を用いて窒素含量を決定する。この差を決定して、マトリックス中の窒素含量を計算する。
窒素含量は、有機材料、すなわちイソシアネート基、アミノ基を有する有機添加剤、窒素官能価を有する芳香族複素環などからのポリマーマトリックス中に存在するすべての窒素原子の総合計を有機化合物の総量で割り、100%を乗じたものとして確認される。
Desmodur N 3600は、Covestro AGからの23.0重量%のNCO含量を有するHDI三量体(NCO官能価>3)である。粘度は23℃で約1200mPasである(DIN EN ISO 3219/A.3)。
酢酸カリウム(5.0g)を、PEG400(95.0g)中で、それがすべて溶解するまで室温で撹拌した。このようにして、PEG400中の酢酸カリウムの5重量%溶液が得られ、これ以上処理することなく触媒として使用した。
他に述べられていない限り、ポリイソシアヌレート複合体は、適切なイソシアネート成分をHauschildのSpeedmixer DAC 150.1FVZ中25℃で2750分-1で60~300秒間混合することにより最初にイソシアネート組成物を調製することによって製造された。次いでこれをRTで触媒と混合した(Speedmixer)。その後、ガラス繊維量の1/10を最初に添加した。全混合物をHauschildのSpeedmixer DAC 150.1 FVZ中で2750分-1で60~300秒間混合し、その間にガラス短繊維束が剥離し、混合物全体がスラリー状の塊を形成した。次いで、ガラス繊維の残量を加え、混合物をSpeedmixerで再び2750分-1で約60秒間混合する。
[本発明の実施例1]
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(40.0g)を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(20.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は6.71であった。ポットライフは5時間超過であった。耐候性試験では、1000時間後、目視検査で表面または色の変化は認められなかった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(36.0g)およびDesmodur H(4.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(30.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は6.39であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(36.0g)およびDesmodur H(4.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(20.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は6.77であった。ポットライフは5時間超過であった。耐候性試験では、1000時間後、目視検査で表面または色の変化は認められなかった。Tgは117℃であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(40.0g)を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(30.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は6.40であった。ポットライフは5時間超過であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(30.0g)およびDesmodur ECO N 7300(10.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(20.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は7.89であった。ポットライフは5時間超過であった。耐候性試験では、1000時間後、目視検査で表面または色の変化は認められなかった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(20.0g)およびDesmodur ECO N 7300(20.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(20.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は7.60であった。ポットライフは5時間超過であった。Tgは124℃であった。
上記のように、Desmodur H(5.0g)およびDesmodur ECO N 7300(45.0g)の混合物を触媒(1.00g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(25.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は7.4であった。ポットライフは180分超過であった。耐候性試験では、9000時間後、目視検査で表面または色の変化は認められなかった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(32.0g)およびDesmodur W(8.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(40.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールドに押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は7未満であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(32.0g)およびDesmodur I(8.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(40.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は7未満であった。
比較例1
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(36.0g)およびDesmodur H(4.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.012g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(20.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。混合物を160℃のオーブンに30分間入れた。この時間の後、混合物は依然として粘着性であり、硬くはなく、すなわち架橋反応は不完全であった。この材料は、さらなる分析に供されなかった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(30.0g)およびDesmodur H(10.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、ガラス短繊維(20.0g)を組み入れ、混合物をモールド内に押し込んだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb値は8.27であった。ポットライフは5時間超過であった。
他に述べられていない限り、繊維を含まないポリイソシアヌレート材料は、適切なイソシアネート成分をHauschildのSpeedmixer DAC 150.1FVZ中25℃で2750分-1で60~300秒間混合することにより最初にポリイソシアネート組成物を調製することによって製造された。これを室温(RT)で触媒と混合した(Speedmixer)。続いて、混合物をモールド(金属蓋、直径約6cm、高さ約1cm)に移し、オーブンで硬化させた。これは、以下の加熱プログラムを用いて行った:Desmodur IまたはWの存在下、180℃で30分間;それ以外は160℃で30分間。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(36.0g)およびDesmodur H(4.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、混合物をモールドに注いだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb*値は9.16であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(30.0g)およびDesmodur H(10.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、混合物をモールドに注いだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb*値は9.44であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(30.0g)およびDesmodur ECO N 7300(10.0g)との混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、混合物をモールドに注いだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb*値は9.80であった。ポットライフは180分超過であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(20.0g)およびDesmodur ECO N 7300(20.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、混合物をモールドに注いだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb*値は11.72であった。ポットライフは180分超過であった。
上記のように、Desmodur H(20.0g)を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、混合物をモールドに注入した。加熱すると、反応は煙の形成と共に激しくおよび非常に発熱的に進行した。得られた生成物は、ブリスター化した褐色から暗褐色の多孔質材料であったが、これはさらなる分析に供されなかった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(30.0g)およびDesmodur W(10.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、混合物をモールドに注入した。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb*値は13.3であった。
上記のように、Desmodur N 3600(30.0g)およびDesmodur I(10.0g)の混合物を触媒(0.80g)と混合し、混合物をモールドに注いだ。硬化後、ブロックをモールドから取り出し、平滑な裏面を比色計で分析した。測定されたb*値は19であった。
Claims (11)
- 複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料の製造プロセスであって、以下の工程:
a)オリゴマーポリイソシアネートを含み、モノマージイソシアネートが少ないポリイソシアネート組成物A)を提供する工程であって、「モノマージイソシアネートが少ない」とは前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)が、20重量%以下のモノマージイソシアネート含量を有することを意味する工程、および
b)少なくとも1つの繊維状充填剤B)および三量化触媒C)の存在下、150℃より高い温度で、前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)を触媒三量化し、複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料を得る工程であって、前記繊維状充填剤B)がガラス繊維であり、前記三量化触媒C)が少なくとも1つの金属塩および/または第四級アンモニウム塩を含み、5分後において、前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)に最初に存在するイソシアネート基の最大20%が依然として存在する工程
を含む、プロセス。 - 工程b)における金属塩としての前記三量化触媒C)が、カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩またはアルカリ土類金属塩を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 工程b)における金属塩としての前記三量化触媒C)が酢酸カリウムを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記三量化触媒C)が、ポリエチレングリコールを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)が、いずれの場合もポリイソシアネート組成物A)の重量に基づいて、少なくとも80重量%の範囲のオリゴマーポリイソシアネートからなることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記オリゴマーポリイソシアネートが、1,4-ジイソシアナトブタン、1,5-ジイソシアナトペンタン、1,6-ジイソシアナトヘキサン、イソホロンジイソシアネートまたは4,4’-ジイソシアナトジシクロヘキシルメタンまたはそれらの混合物から構成される1つ以上のオリゴマーポリイソシアネートからなることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)が1.0~6.0の平均NCO官能価を有することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 工程b)の終わりでの前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)に最初に存在するイソシアネート基の転化レベルが、前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)中に最初に存在するイソシアネート基の最大5%のみが存在する転化レベルであることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 完成した複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料中の窒素の量は、前記複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料中のポリイソシアヌレートプラスチックマトリックスの総重量に基づいて少なくとも9重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料中の金属または金属イオンの重量割合が、前記ポリイソシアネート組成物A)に基づいて、少なくとも0.00025重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記複合ポリイソシアヌレート材料が、DIN EN ISO 1183-1に従って決定した1.30g/cm 3より大きい密度を有することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
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WO2020124405A1 (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Thermolatent catalyst for polymerization of isocyanates |
EP3898753A1 (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2021-10-27 | Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Thermolatent catalyst for polymerization of isocyanates |
CN113286836B (zh) | 2019-01-22 | 2024-02-13 | 科思创知识产权两合公司 | 基于双重固化的氨基甲酸酯和异氰脲酸酯聚合物的复合材料 |
EP3997149A1 (de) | 2019-07-08 | 2022-05-18 | Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Polymerisierbare zusammensetzungen zur herstellung von polyisocyanuratkunststoffen mit verlängerter topfzeit |
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CN114502611A (zh) * | 2019-10-07 | 2022-05-13 | 科思创知识产权两合公司 | 用于异氰酸酯聚合的储存稳定的热潜催化剂 |
US11453739B2 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2022-09-27 | Covestro Llc | Use of thermally decomposable acid as inhibitor for preparing polyisocyanurate composites |
FR3126421A1 (fr) | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-03 | Societe Nouvelle Juxta | Résine polyurée, polyurée-uréthane ou polyuréthane, matériau composite obtenu, procédé de fabrication d’une pièce de structure et pièce de structure obtenue |
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