JP7156596B2 - ブタジエンの製造方法 - Google Patents
ブタジエンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7156596B2 JP7156596B2 JP2020555048A JP2020555048A JP7156596B2 JP 7156596 B2 JP7156596 B2 JP 7156596B2 JP 2020555048 A JP2020555048 A JP 2020555048A JP 2020555048 A JP2020555048 A JP 2020555048A JP 7156596 B2 JP7156596 B2 JP 7156596B2
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- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 94
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 83
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000005839 oxidative dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BYUANIDVEAKBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Bi] Chemical compound [Mo].[Bi] BYUANIDVEAKBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetylene Natural products CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc ferrite Chemical group O=[Zn].O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Typically Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- YICCTZQUAAGDTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-ene Chemical compound CCC=C.CCC=C YICCTZQUAAGDTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
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Description
ブテン、酸素、窒素及びスチーム(steam)を含む反応物を、触媒が充填された反応器に投入して酸化的脱水素化反応させる工程を含み、
上記酸化的脱水素化反応の最初のスタートアップ(start-up)の時、上記酸素をブテンより反応器に先に投入するか、上記酸素をブテンと同時に反応器に投入する、ブタジエンの製造方法を提供する。
C4H8+1/2O2 → C4H6+H2O
C4H10+O2 → C4H6+2H2O
AFe2O4
MoaBibCcDdEeOf
Cは、3価の陽イオン金属成分のうち1種以上であり、
Dは、2価の陽イオン金属成分のうち1種以上であり、
Eは、1価の陽イオン金属成分のうち1種以上であり、
上記aが12のとき、上記bは0.01~2であり、上記cは0.001~2であり、上記dは5~12であり、上記eは0~1.5であり、上記fは他の成分によって原子価を合わせるために定められる値である。
<触媒の製造>
ZnCl2、FeCl3・6H2Oが溶解された水をアンモニア水が溶解された水と混合して共沈する方法で触媒スラリーを製造した後、フィルタープレスを用いてろ過及び残余のイオンを洗浄し、乾燥及び焼成する方式で、亜鉛フェライト(Zinc ferrite)相の触媒を合成した。合成された触媒を粉砕及び篩い分け(sieving)した後、水に分散させた後に球(sphere)状のアルミナ支持体(alumina support)と混合し、水を減圧蒸発させる湿式方式で、触媒コーティングを進行した。
1)触媒の充填
第1反応器及び第2反応器はいずれも内径が2.54cmである円筒状シェルアンドチューブ反応器を用いた。反応器の下端に触媒を支えることができるメッシュスタンド(mesh stand)を位置させた後、3mm直径のアルミナボール(alumina ball)を50cc充填、その上に製造例1の触媒を1,000cc充填し、さらに3mm直径のアルミナボール(alumina ball)を350cc充填した。上記第1反応器及び第2反応器の触媒充填方式は同一である。
反応原料(feed)としてトランス-2-ブテン(trans-2-butene)とシス-2-ブテン(cis-2-butene)との混合物を使用した。反応原料(feed)に1-ブテン(1-butene)、イソブテン(isobutene)、イソブチレン(isobutylene)、ブタン(butane)、ブタジエン(butadiene)のようなC4化学物質とC5化学物質とが一つ以上混合されることができる。
1)スタートアップ(start-up, S/U):別途の前処理なしに反応温度まで昇温する間には窒素&酸素(air)、窒素、窒素&スチーム、又は窒素&廃水スチーム(p.steam)を供給し、触媒充填層の内部温度が330℃に達すれば、それぞれ残りの反応物を下記表に示す順序で共に供給し、反応温度を370℃に維持しながら反応を開始した。
Air S/U及びRestart:窒素&酸素→スチーム→最終ブテン供給
Air purge:反応温度を維持しながらairを24時間供給
N2 S/U及びRestart:窒素→スチーム→ブテン→最終酸素供給
N2 purge:反応温度を維持しながらN2を9時間又は60時間供給処理
Steam S/U:窒素&スチーム雰囲気で反応器の昇温を開始
下記表3のように反応開始条件を設定した。
Steam S/U:窒素&スチーム雰囲気で反応器の昇温を開始
下記表4のように反応開始条件を設定した。
下記表5のようにパージ工程条件を設定した。
下記表6のようにパージ工程条件を設定した。
下記表7のように、P. Steam purge後、活性低下された触媒に対して連続的にair purgeを実施した。
Claims (12)
- ブテン、酸素、窒素及びスチーム(steam)を含む反応物を、触媒が充填された反応器に投入して酸化的脱水素化反応させる工程を含み、
前記酸化的脱水素化反応の最初のスタートアップ(start-up)の時、前記酸素をブテンより反応器に先に投入するか、前記酸素をブテンと同時に反応器に投入し、
前記酸化的脱水素化反応は、250℃~500℃の温度で行われ、
前記ブテン、酸素、窒素及びスチームを含む反応物の中で少なくとも一部が供給中断された後に、
前記酸化的脱水素化反応が中断され、パージ(purge)工程が行われ、
前記パージ工程は、空気(air)及びスチームのうち1種以上を反応器に投入することにより行われるものであり、
前記パージ工程の時、前記酸化的脱水素化反応時の温度と同一に維持させ、
前記パージ工程の完了後、前記酸化的脱水素化反応の再稼動(restart)の時、前記酸素をブテンより反応器に先に投入するか、前記酸素をブテンと同時に反応器に投入する、ブタジエンの製造方法。 - 前記酸化的脱水素化反応の最初のスタートアップの時、前記酸素及び窒素を同時に反応器に投入した後、前記スチームを反応器に投入し、
前記ブテンを反応器に最後に投入する、請求項1に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。 - 前記酸化的脱水素化反応の最初のスタートアップの時、前記窒素及びスチームを同時に反応器に投入した後、前記酸素及びブテンを同時に反応器に投入する、請求項1に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。
- 前記酸化的脱水素化反応させる工程で、前記反応器に投入するスチームは、前記酸化的脱水素化反応後の生成物から再循環された廃水蒸留スチームであり、
前記廃水蒸留スチームを酸素と同時に反応器に投入する、請求項1に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。 - 前記パージ工程時に投入するスチームは、前記酸化的脱水素化反応後の生成物から再循環された廃水蒸留スチームであり、
前記パージ工程の時、前記廃水蒸留スチームを酸素と同時に反応器に投入する、請求項1に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。 - 前記ブテン、酸素、窒素及びスチームを含む反応物の中で酸素が供給中断された後に、前記反応器の温度を300℃以下に冷却させるステップを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。
- 前記酸化的脱水素化反応させる工程は、直列連結された第1反応器及び第2反応器の2つの反応器を用いて行われ、
前記第1反応器に前記ブテン、酸素、窒素及びスチーム(steam)を含む反応物が投入される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。 - 前記ブテンは、C4混合物を含み、
前記第1反応器にC4混合物:酸素が1:0.4~1.0のモル比で投入される、請求項7に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。 - 前記第1反応器に投入されるC4混合物1モルを基準に、前記第2反応器に0.1~0.45のモル比の酸素がさらに投入される、請求項8に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。
- 前記第1反応器及び第2反応器は、それぞれ独立して、ビスマス-モリブデン系触媒及びフェライト系触媒のうち1種以上を含むものである、請求項7から9のいずれか一項に記載のブタジエンの製造方法。
- 前記フェライト系触媒は、下記化学式1で表されるものである、請求項10に記載のブタジエンの製造方法:
[化学式1]
AFe2O4
前記化学式1において、Aは、Cu、Ra、Ba、Sr、Ca、Cu、Be、Zn、Mg、Mn、Co又はNiである。 - 前記ビスマス-モリブデン系触媒は、下記化学式2で表されるものである、請求項10に記載のブタジエンの製造方法:
[化学式2]
MoaBibCcDdEeOf
前記化学式2において、
Cは、3価の陽イオン金属成分のうち1種以上であり、
Dは、2価の陽イオン金属成分のうち1種以上であり、
Eは、1価の陽イオン金属成分のうち1種以上であり、
前記aが12のとき、前記bは0.01~2であり、前記cは0.001~2であり、前記dは5~12であり、前記eは0~1.5であり、前記fは他の成分によって原子価を合わせるために定められる値である。
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