JP7118481B2 - 転写シート、転写シートの製造方法、中間シートの製造方法、及び、複合材の製造方法 - Google Patents
転写シート、転写シートの製造方法、中間シートの製造方法、及び、複合材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7118481B2 JP7118481B2 JP2021552636A JP2021552636A JP7118481B2 JP 7118481 B2 JP7118481 B2 JP 7118481B2 JP 2021552636 A JP2021552636 A JP 2021552636A JP 2021552636 A JP2021552636 A JP 2021552636A JP 7118481 B2 JP7118481 B2 JP 7118481B2
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Description
本実施形態に係る複合材(積層材)30について説明を行う。複合材30は、図1及び図2に示すように、サンドイッチ構造のパネルである。複合材30は、芯材層(「中間層」とも言う。)20と、芯材層20に積層された第1表皮材31と、芯材層20における第1表皮材31とは反対側に積層されて第1表皮材31と共に芯材層20を挟む第2表皮材32とを備えている。複合材30は、例えば、強度に比べて軽量かつ剛性が重視されるパネル材に用いることができる。具体的に、複合材30は、構造材料として、航空機、自動車又は自転車(スポーツ用自転車など)などの移動体、電気機器、電子機器、オフィス機器、家電機器、医療機器、又は、建材のパネル材などに用いることができる。移動体の場合、複合材30は、外装を構成する空力部品として用いることができる。
式1:R1=(S2/S1)×100
次に、複合材30の製造に用いる転写シート10について説明を行う。転写シート10は、基材シート11から他の構造材(表面に粘着性又は接着性がある構造体)へ多数の板状片13を転写可能なシートである。
複合材30の製造方法は、転写シート10を製造する第1製造工程と、第1製造工程で得られた転写シート10を用いて、複合材30を製造する第2製造工程とを、この順番で行う。なお、転写シート10は、中間シートに相当する。
本実施形態の転写シート10では、基材シート11上で打抜き加工を行うことにより多数の板状片13を成形した痕跡として、多数の板状片13において、外周に形成される切断痕から判別される厚さ方向の切断の向きが、互いに同じである。具体的には、多数の板状片13において、厚さ方向における同じ側に面取り部13c(又はバリ13d)が形成される。転写シート10の基材シート11上には、打抜き加工での平面視の切断形状(打抜き形状)に応じて、多数の板状片13が成形される。
本変形例では、図12に示すように、複合材130が、第2表皮材32の表面に沿って並べられた多数の板状片13を有する第2芯材層21と、第1芯材層20と第2芯材層21の間に配置された中間接着層17とをさらに備えている。中間接着層17は、加熱により溶融してそのまま熱硬化するシート状接着剤(フィルム状接着剤又は接着シートともいう)により形成され、第1芯材層20と第2芯材層21を接着する。複合材130では、第1表皮材31、第1芯材層20、中間接着層17、第2芯材層21、及び第2表皮材32が、この順番で積層されている。なお、中間接着層17は、シート状接着剤が溶解した接着剤層により構成されていてもよい。また、各芯材層20,21の隙間16に、硬化した樹脂6が埋められていてもよい。
本変形例では、上述の第1製造工程により製造される中間シートが、転写シート10ではなく、基材シート111を接着剤として用いるために表皮材用シート31Aに積層した状態で、基材シート111が溶解される接着用芯材シート60(図13参照)として用いられる。なお、接着用芯材シート60は、上述の転写シート10と同じ構成のものを用いることができる。但し、転写シート10の場合は、基材シート11から各板状片13が剥離可能となる粘着剤を粘着剤層18に用いるが、接着用芯材シート60の場合は、各板状片13を剥離可能とする必要がなく、粘着剤又は接着剤により基材シート111に材料シート14を貼り付けることができる。
本変形例では、上述の転写シート(第1中間シート)10を用いて、図14に示す接着用芯材シート(第2中間シート)60が製造される。接着用芯材シート60は、表皮材111が、シート状接着剤である。
本変形例では、上述の転写シート(第1中間シート)10を用いて、図16に示す複合材製造用シート(第2中間シート)70が製造される。複合材製造用シート70は、表皮材61がプリプレグ(半硬化状態)である点を除き、図14に示す接着用芯材シート60と同じである。表皮材61のプリプレグには、裏面にセパレートシート41が積層されたもの用いることができる。なお、複合材製造用シート160の製造方法は、表皮材が異なる以外は第3変形例と同じであるため、説明は省略する。
本変形例では、上述の第1製造工程により製造される中間シートが、基材シート61にプリプレグを用いた複合材製造用シート70である。この場合に、複合材30の製造方法において、図17に示すように、成形型33上に、多数の板状片13が貼り付けられた基材シート61が設置される。そして、基材シート61の多数の板状片13に対し、第2表皮材用シート32Aを積層することで、積層材30Bが作製される(図示省略)。
本変形例では、図18に示すように、転写シート10において、基材シート11の裏面にセパレートシート41が積層されている。セパレートシート41は、基材シート11の裏面を被覆している。
本変形例では、図19に示すように、複合材131が、カナッペ構造である。また、表皮材31上の芯材層20では、短冊状の板状片13が一定方向に並べられている。隣り合う板状片13の間には隙間16が形成されている。なお、図19では、板状片13がその長さ方向に分割されていないが、板状片13をその長さ方向に分割してもよい。また、面取り部13cは、各板状片13における表皮材31側の主面13aの外周に形成されるが、図19及び図20では記載を省略している。
本変形例では、芯材層20の各板状片13に、貫通孔により構成された区画空間53が形成されている。区画空間53は、平面視において周囲が区画された空間である。なお、1つの板状片13における区画空間53の数は、1つであってもよいし、複数であってもよい。また、複合材30における全ての板状片13に区画空間53を形成してもよいし、一部の板状片13だけに区画空間53を形成してもよい。
本変形例は、板状片13に区画空間53が形成されている点では第8変形例と同じであるが、板状片13には、図22に示すように、ハニカム構造による区画空間53が形成されている。1つの板状片13における区画空間53の数は、1つであってもよいし、複数であってもよい。なお、図22では、破線が切断箇所(後述するプレスカットの位置)を表す。1つの板状片13に対する切断箇所の平面形状は、多角形(六角形)である。但し、この切断箇所の平面形状は、多角形以外であってもよい。
本変形例では、芯材層20の板状片13の主面13a,13bに、板状片13の平面位置を保持するための保持部80が積層されている。保持部80は、部分的に隙間が形成された粘着層又は接着層である。
本変形例では、転写シート10の基材シート11に、伸縮性を有するシート材が用いられている。基材シート11には、例えばCPPフィルム(無延伸ポリプロピレン)などの樹脂シートを用いることができる。基材シート11の物性値の一例としては、例えば、引張強さが100MPa(JIS K 7127)以下で、引張伸びが200%(JIS K 7127)以上である。
上述の実施形態において、プレスカットではなく、レーザーカットによって材料シート14を切断して多数の板状片13に分割してもよい。この場合、図26(a)に示すように、中間シート10では、厚さ方向の切断の向きを判別可能な切断痕として、各板状片13の主面13aの外周にバリ13dが形成される。また、図26(b)に示すように、複合材30でも各板状片13の主面13aの外周にバリ13dが残る。なお、レーザーカットの場合においても、各板状片13の主面13aの外周に、上述の切断痕として、面取り部13cが形成される場合がある。また、レーザーカットの際にレーザーの焦点、出力、又は送りスピードなどを調整することにより、切断面の状態をコントロールすることができる。
11 基材シート(表皮材)
13 板状片
13a,13b 主面
13c 面取り部
13d バリ
16 隙間
18 粘着剤層
20 芯材層
30 複合材(積層材)
31,32 表皮材
40 切れ込み
60 接着用芯材シート(積層材、中間シート)
70 複合材製造用シート(積層材、中間シート)
Claims (12)
- 基材シートと、前記基材シートに積層された芯材層とを備えた転写シートであって、
前記芯材層は、前記基材シートの表面に沿って並べられた多数の板状片を有し、
前記多数の板状片では、外周に形成される切断痕から判別される厚さ方向の切断の向きが、互いに同じであり、
前記芯材層において、隣り合う板状片は、隙間を隔てて又は切れ込みにより別体となっており、
前記多数の板状片は、前記基材シートに対し剥離可能に貼り付けられ、
前記基材シートから他の構造材へ前記多数の板状片を転写可能となっている転写シート。 - 前記多数の板状片の各々は、硬質発泡体により構成されている、請求項1に記載の転写シート。
- 前記多数の板状片の各々は、木材により構成されている、請求項1に記載の転写シート。
- 前記多数の板状片は、感温性粘着剤により前記基材シートに貼り付けられている、請求項1乃至3の何れか1つに記載の転写シート。
- 前記基材シートと前記板状片との間には、前記板状片の位置を保持するための粘着層又は接着層が設けられている、請求項1乃至3の何れか1つに記載の転写シート。
- 前記芯材層における表面と裏面のうち少なくとも一方に、多数のドット部により構成された粘着層又は接着層が積層されている、請求項1乃至5の何れか1つに記載の転写シート。
- 前記板状片には、貫通孔により構成された区画空間が形成されている、請求項1乃至6の何れか1つに記載の転写シート。
- 複合材の芯材に用いる多数の板状片が貼り付けられた転写シートの製造方法であって、
基材シートに剥離可能に貼り付けられた状態の材料シートに対し切断加工を行うことにより、前記材料シートを前記多数の板状片に分割する切断ステップを行い、
前記基材シートから他の構造材へ前記多数の板状片を転写可能な転写シートを製造する、転写シートの製造方法。 - 複合材を製造するための中間シートを製造する方法であって、
請求項8に記載の製造方法により得られた転写シートにおける板状片側に、前記中間シートの表皮材として、シート状接着剤又はプリプレグを貼り付ける貼付けステップと、
前記貼付けステップ後に、前記多数の板状片から前記基材シートを剥がすことにより、前記中間シートの表皮材に前記多数の板状片を転写する転写ステップとを行う、中間シートの製造方法。 - 複合材の製造方法であって、
請求項8に記載の製造方法により得られた前記転写シートにおける板状片側に、複合材の表皮材となる表皮材用シートを貼り付ける貼付けステップと、
前記貼付けステップ後に、前記多数の板状片から前記基材シートを剥がすことにより、前記表皮材用シートに前記多数の板状片を転写する転写ステップとを行う、複合材の製造方法。 - 前記基材シートには、伸縮性を有するシートが用いられ、
前記転写ステップにおいて、前記基材シートを引っ張りながら、前記基材シートの裏面から転写対象の板状片を押すことにより該板状片の転写を行う、請求項10に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 前記表皮材用シートと第2表皮材用シートとにより前記多数の板状片を挟む積層ステップと、
前記多数の板状片により構成された芯材層の隙間に樹脂を流入させた後に、該樹脂を硬化させることにより、前記芯材層に樹脂のハニカム構造を形成するハニカム形成ステップとを、前記転写ステップ後に行う、請求項10又は11に記載の複合材の製造方法。
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