JP7101801B2 - リチウム二次電池用分離膜及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用分離膜及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7101801B2 JP7101801B2 JP2020551844A JP2020551844A JP7101801B2 JP 7101801 B2 JP7101801 B2 JP 7101801B2 JP 2020551844 A JP2020551844 A JP 2020551844A JP 2020551844 A JP2020551844 A JP 2020551844A JP 7101801 B2 JP7101801 B2 JP 7101801B2
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- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本出願は、2018年4月27日付韓国特許出願第10-2018-0049375号に基づいた優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示されている全ての内容は本明細書の一部として含まれる。
本発明によるリチウム二次電池用分離膜は、(1)基材、(2)エポキシ開環反応を介してゲルポリマー電解質と結合され得る第1有機バインダーを含む第1コーティング層、及び(3)第2有機バインダーを含む第2コーティング層を含み、前記第1有機バインダーは、エポキシ基と開環反応が可能な官能基又はこれらの組み合わせを含み、前記ゲルポリマー電解質は、エポキシ基、エポキシ基と開環反応が可能な官能基又はこれらの組み合わせを含むオリゴマーが重合されて形成される。
以下、リチウム二次電池に対して説明する。
1.実施例1
(1)基材の準備
ポリエチレン100g、気孔形成剤としてポリビニルアルコール20gを混合して混合物を形成した。前記混合物を極性溶媒としてジメチルホルムアミドに約1:10重量部の割合で溶解させて高分子溶液を形成した。前記高分子溶液をガラス板の上にキャスティングした後、約100℃のオーブン内に入れ、約30分間乾燥して高分子フィルムを収得した。その後、前記高分子フィルムを水に浸漬することによりポリビニルアルコール(PVA)を抽出して多孔性基材を製造した。
第1有機バインダーとして、エポキシ基が0.5モル%置換されたポリビニリデンフルオライド(Poly(Vinylidene fluoride)、以下、PVdF)(重量平均分子量:50,000)3g、無機酸化物として、アルミニウムオキシド(Al2O3)27gを溶媒であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(以下、NMP)72.1mlに添加した後、混合して第1コーティング層組成物を製造した。その後、前記多孔性基材上に前記第1コーティング層組成物を塗布した後、乾燥させて5μm厚さの第1コーティング層を形成した。その後、第2有機バインダーとして、エポキシ基が置換されていないPVdF(重量平均分子量:50,000)3g、無機酸化物として、アルミニウムオキシド(Al2O3)27gを溶媒であるNMP72.1mlに添加した後、混合して第2コーティング層組成物を製造し、これを前記第1コーティング層上に塗布した後、乾燥させて5μm厚さの第2コーティング層を形成した。
正極活物質として(Li(Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1)O2)94重量%、導電材としてカーボンブラック(carbon black)3重量%、バインダーとしてPVdF3重量%を溶媒であるNMPに添加し、正極合剤スラリーを製造した。前記正極合剤スラリーを厚さが20μm程度の正極集電体であるアルミニウム(Al)薄膜に塗布し、乾燥した後、ロールプレス(rollpress)を実施して正極を製造した。
前記実施例1で、第1有機バインダーとして、エポキシ基が0.5モル%置換されたPVdF(重量平均分子量:50,000)の代わりに、エポキシ基が0.5モル%置換されたPVdF-co-HFP(ポリビニリデンフルオライド(Poly(Vinylidene fluoride))とヘキサフルオロプロピレン(hexafluoropropylene)の共重合体、以下、PVdF-co-HFP)(重量平均分子量:100,000)を用い、第2有機バインダーとして、エポキシ基が置換されていないPVdFの代わりに、エポキシ基が置換されていないPVdF-co-HFPを用いたことを除いては、前記実施例1と同一の方法でリチウム二次電池用分離膜及びリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例1で、基材上に前記第2コーティング層組成物を先に塗布した後に乾燥して第2コーティング層を形成させた後、前記第1コーティング層組成物を塗布した後に乾燥して第1コーティング層を形成させたことを除いては、前記実施例1と同一の方法でリチウム二次電池用分離膜及びリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例2で、基材上に前記第2コーティング層組成物を先に塗布した後に乾燥して第2コーティング層を形成させた後、前記第1コーティング層組成物を塗布した後に乾燥して第1コーティング層を形成させたことを除いては、前記実施例2と同一の方法でリチウム二次電池用分離膜及びリチウム二次電池を製造した。
1.比較例1
前記実施例1で、第1、2コーティング層を全て形成していない基材を分離膜として用いたことを除いては、同一の方法でリチウム二次電池用分離膜及びリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例1で、第1コーティング層は形成せず、第2コーティング層を基材上に直ちに形成させたことを除いては、同一の方法でリチウムイオン電池用分離膜及びリチウム二次電池を製造した。
1.実験例1:初期抵抗測定の実験
実施例1から4と比較例1及び2で製造されたそれぞれのリチウム二次電池に対して200mAの電流(0.1C レート(rate))でフォーメーションを進めた後、4.2V、666mA(0.33C、0.05Cカットオフ)CC/CVの充電と3V、666mA(0.33C)CCの放電を3回繰り返し、5A(2.5C)の電流で10秒放電を進める際に発生する電圧降下を測定する。測定された値をR=V/I(オームの法則)公式に代入して算出したDC-抵抗値を下記表1に初期抵抗値として示した。
実施例1から4で製造されたリチウム二次電池と比較例1及び2で製造されたリチウム二次電池のそれぞれに対して200mAの電流(0.1C レート(rate))でフォーメーション(formation)を進めた後、4.2V、666mA(0.33C、0.05Cカットオフ)CC/CVの充電と3V、666mA(0.33C)CCの放電を45℃の高温で50回進めた。
実施例1から4、比較例1及び2で製造されたそれぞれのリチウム二次電池をSOC(State Of Charge)100%に完全に充電させた後、リチウム二次電池を150℃で4時間放置して発火されるのか否か及びその発火が開始される時間を確認する実験を実施した。その結果を下記表3に示した。
20 第1コーティング層
30 第2コーティング層
Claims (9)
- 少なくとも1つ以上の正極、少なくとも1つ以上の負極及び前記正極と負極の間に介在される少なくとも1つの第1分離膜を含む単位セルを少なくとも1つ以上含む電極組立体;及び
オリゴマーが重合されて形成されており、前記オリゴマーは、エポキシ基を含むオリゴマー及びエポキシ基と開環反応が可能な官能基を含むオリゴマーを含む、ゲルポリマー電解質;を含むリチウム二次電池であり、
前記第1分離膜は、
基材;
エポキシ開環反応を介して前記ゲルポリマー電解質と結合され得る第1有機バインダーを含む第1コーティング層;及び
第2有機バインダーを含む第2コーティング層;を含み、
前記第1有機バインダーはエポキシ基が置換されている、リチウム二次電池用分離膜である、
リチウム二次電池。 - 前記エポキシ基と開環反応が可能な官能基は、ヒドロキシ基(OH)、カルボン酸基(COOH)、アミン基、イソシアネート基、メルカプタン基及びイミド基よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上の官能基である、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 前記第1有機バインダーは、ハロゲン元素が少なくとも1つ以上置換された炭素数1から5のアルキレン基、炭素数1から5のアルキレンオキシド基、ハロゲン元素が少なくとも1つ以上置換された炭素数1から5のアルキレンオキシド基、イミド基及びセルロースよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上を含む単位を含み、
前記単位からなる主鎖にエポキシ基が置換されている、請求項1または2に記載のリチウム二次電池。 - 前記オリゴマーは、アルキレンオキシド基を含む単位及びアミン基を含む単位よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上の単位を含み、
前記単位からなる主鎖にエポキシ基及びエポキシ基と開環反応が可能な官能基又はこれらの組み合わせが置換されている、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。 - 前記第1コーティング層及び第2コーティング層から選択される少なくとも1つ以上のコーティング層は、Si、Al、Ti、Zr、Sn、Ce、Mg、Ca、Zn、Y、Pb、Ba、Hf、及びSrよりなる群から選択される1種以上の元素を含む無機酸化物を含む、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 前記第1コーティング層は、前記基材上に形成されており、
前記第2コーティング層は、前記第1コーティング層上に形成されている、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。 - 前記第2コーティング層は、前記基材上に形成されており、
前記第1コーティング層は、前記第2コーティング層上に形成されている、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。 - 前記第1コーティング層の厚さ及び第2コーティング層の厚さを合わせた総厚さは、0.2μmから20μmである、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 前記電極組立体は2以上の単位セルを含み、前記単位セルの間に介在される第2分離膜をさらに含む、請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
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EP3761431A4 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
EP3761431A1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
CN111937214B (zh) | 2024-03-29 |
US11967732B2 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
ES2976168T3 (es) | 2024-07-24 |
PL3761431T3 (pl) | 2024-07-22 |
CN111937214A (zh) | 2020-11-13 |
KR102434068B1 (ko) | 2022-08-19 |
HUE066742T2 (hu) | 2024-09-28 |
KR20190125085A (ko) | 2019-11-06 |
JP2021518036A (ja) | 2021-07-29 |
US20210104802A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
EP3761431B1 (en) | 2024-03-13 |
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