JP7090181B2 - 燃料電池の層構造および該層構造の製造方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池の層構造および該層構造の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 214
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005598 conductive polymer binder Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 72
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNCWUCSNEKCAAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbanide;2-methylcyclopenta-1,3-diene;platinum(4+) Chemical compound [CH3-].[CH3-].[CH3-].[Pt+4].CC1=[C-]CC=C1 WNCWUCSNEKCAAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl difluoride Chemical class FS(F)(=O)=O OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
炭素に基づいた(例えば繊維、糸および紙等)、触媒無しガス拡散層基材を設けるステップと、
硫黄無し結合ポリマーおよびスルホン化ポリマーを有したイオン伝導性ポリマー結合剤混合物内に、複数の炭素キャリアおよび炭素繊維を埋め込むステップと、
微孔性層を形成するステップであって、ガス拡散層基材から見て外方に向く微孔性層の面上またはこの付近の結合ポリマーの割合は、スルホン化ポリマーの割合よりも小さいか、または等しい、微孔性層を形成するステップと、
ガス拡散層基材から見て外方に向く面、またはガス拡散層基材から見て外方を向く微孔性層の側面に、触媒金属または触媒金属合金を塗布するステップと、
を含む。
触媒金属を有し、基材を形成する微孔性層に対する準単一層に対応する原子または分子化合物の量を塗布することと、
触媒金属の原子または分子化合物の不動態化のために、微孔性層に前駆物質または不動態化ガスを適用することと、
触媒金属を有し、準単一層に対応する原子および分子化合物の更なる量を塗布することと、
から構成される1つのサイクルまたは複数のサイクルによって実行される。
2 ガス拡散層基材
3 微孔性層
4 炭素キャリア
5 体積領域(ガス拡散層から見て外方を向く)
6 体積領域(ガス拡散層へ向かって対向する)
7 第1炭素微粒子
8 第2炭素微粒子
9 膜
Claims (7)
- 炭素に基づいた、触媒無しガス拡散層基材(2)と、該ガス拡散層基材(2)に接続され、炭素に基づいた微孔性層(3)とを備え、該微孔性層(3)が、イオン伝導性ポリマー結合剤混合物内に埋め込まれた複数の炭素キャリア(4)または炭素繊維を有してなる燃料電池用の層構造(1)であって、
前記イオン伝導性ポリマー結合剤混合物は、硫黄無し結合ポリマーおよびスルホン化ポリマーを有し、前記ガス拡散層基材(2)から見て外方に向く前記微孔性層(3)の面上の前記結合ポリマーの割合は、前記スルホン化ポリマーの割合よりも小さく、
前記微孔性層(3)における前記結合ポリマーの割合は、前記ガス拡散層基材(2)の方向に増加し、前記スルホン化ポリマーの割合は、前記ガス拡散層基材(2)の方向に減少し、
前記結合ポリマーの割合は、前記ガス拡散層基材(2)の方向に連続的に増加することを特徴とする燃料電池用の層構造(1)。 - 前記微孔性層(3)の前記炭素キャリア(4)は、前記ガス拡散層基材(2)から見て外方を向く体積領域(5)にある第1炭素微粒子(7)と、前記ガス拡散層基材(2)に向かって対向する体積領域(6)にある第2炭素微粒子(8)とを有し、前記第1および/または第2炭素微粒子(6,8)は、官能基化のためのコーティングを備えて設けられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池用の層構造(1)。
- 前記ガス拡散層基材(2)から見て外方を向く前記微孔性層(3)の側面に設けられた触媒コーティングをさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の燃料電池用の層構造(1)。
- 炭素に基づいた、触媒無しガス拡散層基材(2)を設けるステップと、
硫黄無し結合ポリマーおよびスルホン化ポリマーを有したイオン伝導性ポリマー結合剤混合物内に、複数の炭素キャリア(4)および炭素繊維を埋め込むステップと、
微孔性層(3)を形成するステップであって、前記ガス拡散層基材(2)から見て外方に向く前記微孔性層(3)の面上またはこの付近の前記結合ポリマーの割合は、前記スルホン化ポリマーの割合よりも小さいか、または等しい、前記微孔性層(3)を形成するステップと、
前記ガス拡散層基材(2)から見て外方に向く面、または前記ガス拡散層基材から見て外方を向く前記微孔性層(3)の側面に、触媒金属または触媒金属合金を塗布するステップと、
を含む、燃料電池用の層構造(1)の製造方法。 - 前記触媒金属は、
前記触媒金属を有し、基材を形成する前記微孔性層(3)に対する準単一層に対応する原子または分子化合物の量を塗布することと、
前記触媒金属の前記原子または前記分子化合物の不動態化のために、前記微孔性層に前駆物質または不動態化ガスを適用することと、
前記触媒金属を有し、準単一層に対応する原子および分子化合物の更なる量を塗布することと、
から構成される1つのサイクルまたは複数のサイクルによって塗布されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の燃料電池用の層構造(1)の製造方法。 - 前記炭素キャリア(4)は、年代順に前記触媒金属の塗布前に官能基化された炭素微粒子(7,8)として形成され、および/または前記ポリマー結合剤混合物の1つまたは複数のポリマーが、年代順に前記触媒金属の塗布前に官能基化されることを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の燃料電池用の層構造(1)の製造方法。
- 前記ガス拡散層基材(2)と前記触媒金属を有した前記微孔性層(3)とは、ガス拡散電極および膜(9)から構成された配置を形成するように、前記膜(9)と共に熱間プレスされることを特徴とする請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用の層構造(1)の製造方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018213148.1A DE102018213148A1 (de) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | Schichtaufbau für eine Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Schichtaufbaus |
DE102018213148.1 | 2018-08-07 | ||
PCT/EP2019/068221 WO2020030355A1 (de) | 2018-08-07 | 2019-07-08 | Schichtaufbau für eine brennstoffzelle und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen schichtaufbaus |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2021526289A JP2021526289A (ja) | 2021-09-30 |
JP7090181B2 true JP7090181B2 (ja) | 2022-06-23 |
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JP2004039416A (ja) | 2002-07-03 | 2004-02-05 | Nec Corp | 液体燃料供給型燃料電池、燃料電池用電極、およびそれらの製造方法 |
US20060257641A1 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2006-11-16 | Sung-Yong Cho | Electrode substrate for a fuel cell, a method for preparing the same, and a membrane-electrode assembly comprising the same |
JP2011519134A (ja) | 2008-04-22 | 2011-06-30 | ユーティーシー パワー コーポレイション | 陽子交換膜燃料電池の触媒層のポリマコーティング |
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TW404079B (en) | 1996-08-27 | 2000-09-01 | Univ New York State Res Found | Gas diffusion electrodes based on polyethersulfone carbon blends |
US6733915B2 (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2004-05-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Gas diffusion backing for fuel cells |
JP4228911B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-25 | 2009-02-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池とその製造方法 |
WO2007050460A2 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-05-03 | Inorganic Specialists, Inc. | Carbon nanofiber paper and applications |
KR20080105255A (ko) * | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 전기전도도가 향상된 5-레이어 mea 제조 방법 |
KR20090040124A (ko) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-23 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료전지용 막-전극 어셈블리, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를포함하는 연료전지 시스템 |
CN102318111B (zh) * | 2009-07-17 | 2014-11-19 | 佛罗里达州立大学研究基金有限公司 | 用于燃料电池的具有梯度孔隙率及催化剂密度的催化电极 |
DE102013207900A1 (de) * | 2013-04-30 | 2014-10-30 | Volkswagen Ag | Membran-Elektroden-Einheit und Brennstoffzelle mit einer solchen |
GB2521677A (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fuel cell stack assembly and method of assembly |
US20150364772A1 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-17 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method to prepare alloys of platinum-group metals and early transition metals |
US20160064741A1 (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-03-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electrode design with optimal ionomer content for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell |
WO2016154175A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Membrane assemblies, electrode assemblies, membrane-electrode assemblies and electrochemical cells and liquid flow batteries therefrom |
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JP2004039416A (ja) | 2002-07-03 | 2004-02-05 | Nec Corp | 液体燃料供給型燃料電池、燃料電池用電極、およびそれらの製造方法 |
US20060257641A1 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2006-11-16 | Sung-Yong Cho | Electrode substrate for a fuel cell, a method for preparing the same, and a membrane-electrode assembly comprising the same |
JP2011519134A (ja) | 2008-04-22 | 2011-06-30 | ユーティーシー パワー コーポレイション | 陽子交換膜燃料電池の触媒層のポリマコーティング |
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JP7090181B6 (ja) | 2022-07-26 |
EP3834243B1 (de) | 2024-01-31 |
EP3834243A1 (de) | 2021-06-16 |
CN112514121A (zh) | 2021-03-16 |
WO2020030355A1 (de) | 2020-02-13 |
KR20210039386A (ko) | 2021-04-09 |
US20210305589A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 |
JP2021526289A (ja) | 2021-09-30 |
DE102018213148A1 (de) | 2020-02-13 |
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