JP7081725B1 - 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7081725B1 JP7081725B1 JP2021561053A JP2021561053A JP7081725B1 JP 7081725 B1 JP7081725 B1 JP 7081725B1 JP 2021561053 A JP2021561053 A JP 2021561053A JP 2021561053 A JP2021561053 A JP 2021561053A JP 7081725 B1 JP7081725 B1 JP 7081725B1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 57
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 50
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229940065287 selenium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003343 selenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
Description
特許文献2には、熱延板焼鈍又は最終の冷間圧延前の中間焼鈍時の冷却速度を30℃/s以上とし、さらに最終の冷間圧延中に鋼板温度150~300℃で2分間以上のパス間時効を2回以上行う技術が開示されている。
特許文献3には、圧延中の鋼板温度を高めて温間圧延することにより、圧延時に導入された転位を直ちにCやNで固着させる動的歪時効を利用する技術が開示されている。
特許文献5には、タンデム圧延機で行われる冷間圧延の前に0.5kg/mm2以上の張力付与下において50~150℃、30秒~30分間の熱処理を施すことで、鋼中に微細カーバイドを析出させるとともに冷間圧延の途中で時効処理を施す技術が開示されている。
特許文献4、5のように冷間圧延前に熱処理を行う技術では、コイル巻取り後のコイル内の温度差により、カーバイドの析出形態が変化し、結果としてコイル長手方向で鉄損のばらつきが大きいという問題点があった。
最終の冷間圧延直前とは、最終の冷間圧延の1パス目に噛み込む直前をいう。冷間圧延が1回の場合は、当該冷間圧延の1パス目に噛み込む直前をいい、中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延の場合は、最後の冷間圧延の1パス目に噛み込む直前をいう。
100℃以上350℃以下の加熱温度とは、当該温度域中での鋼板が到達する最も高い温度(最高温度)をいう。
鋼板を最終の冷間圧延直前に加熱することで、圧延1パス目の噛み込み温度が上昇し、1パス目圧延加工時に活動するすべり系の種類が、直前に加熱しない場合よりも多くなる。2パス目以降の圧延では、ストリップクーラントの影響により1パス目圧延時よりも圧延時の噛み込み温度は低くなるため、1パス目圧延時に活動したすべり系の中には、2パス目圧延以降で加工温度の低下により、活動できないものが含まれる。そのようなすべり系で活動する転位は、2パス目以降の圧延では移動することができず、2パス目以降の圧延で生じる転位の動きを阻害するため、結果として、微細カーバイドによる転位の固着と同等の働きをする。その結果、圧延時の剪断変形が促進され、集合組織が改善し、最終の方向性電磁鋼板の磁気特性が改善する。また、微細カーバイドによる転位のピン止め効果よりも、転位同士による移動阻害効果の方が強く作用し、その結果、鋼板中のカーバイドのコイル長手方向における形態変化の影響が低減する。
所定の加熱温度に到達してから冷間圧延の1パス目に噛み込むまでの時間が長くなると、所定の加熱温度に到達したのち、急激に鋼板温度が低下し、その結果、冷間圧延1パス目の噛み込み温度が低下するため、2パス目以降で起こる転位同士による転位の移動阻害効果が発現し難くなるが、当該時間を5秒以内とすることで、移動阻害効果が十分に発現する。
[1]鋼スラブを熱間圧延し、場合により焼鈍を施したのち、1回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延により最終板厚を有する冷延板とし、次いで前記最終板厚を有する冷延板を脱炭焼鈍したのち、二次再結晶焼鈍を施す工程を含む、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
最終の冷間圧延直前に、鋼板を100℃/s以上の昇温速度で100℃以上350℃以下の加熱温度まで加熱し、前記鋼板が加熱温度に到達してから最終の冷間圧延の1パス目に噛み込むまでの時間が5秒以内である、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
[2]前記鋼スラブが、質量%で、
C:0.01%以上0.10%以下、
Si:2.0%以上4.5%以下、
Mn:0.01%以上0.5%以下、
Al:0.0100%以上0.0400%以下、
S及びSeから選ばれる1種又は2種の合計:0.0100%以上0.0500%以下、ならびに
N:0.0050%超0.0120%以下を含有し、
残部がFe及び不可避的不純物の成分組成を有する、
前記[1]の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
[3]前記鋼スラブが、質量%で、
C:0.01%以上0.10%以下、
Si:2.0%以上4.5%以下、
Mn:0.01%以上0.5%以下、
Al:0.0100%未満、
S:0.0070%以下、
Se:0.0070%以下、及び
N:0.0050%以下を含有し、
残部がFe及び不可避的不純物の成分組成を有する、
前記[1]の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
[4]前記鋼スラブが、さらに、質量%で、
Sb:0.005%以上0.50%以下、
Cu:0.01%以上1.50%以下、
P:0.005%以上0.50%以下、
Cr:0.01%以上1.50%以下、
Ni:0.005%以上1.50%以下、
Sn:0.01%以上0.50%以下、
Nb:0.0005%以上0.0100%以下、
Mo:0.01%以上0.50%以下、
B:0.001%以上0.007%以下、及び
Bi:0.0005%以上0.05%以下からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上を含有する、前記[2]又は前記[3]の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
本発明の製造方法で使用する鋼スラブ(鋼素材)は、公知の製造方法によって製造されたものであることができ、製造方法としては、例えば製鋼-連続鋳造、造塊一分塊圧延法等が挙げられる。製鋼においては、転炉や電気炉等で得た溶鋼を真空脱ガス等の二次精錬を経て所望の成分組成とするができる。
Cは、熱延鋼板の集合組織の改善のために必要な元素である。0.10%超では、脱炭焼鈍により、磁気時効の起こらない0.0050%以下に低減することが困難になる。一方、0.01%未満では、スラブ加熱時に組織が粗大化し、以後の工程での再結晶が起こり難くなる。そのため、C含有量は0.01%以上0.10%以下が好ましく、より好ましくは0.01%以上0.08%以下である。
Siは、鋼の電気抵抗を高め、鉄損を改善するのに有効な元素である。含有量が4.5%超では、加工性が著しく低下するため、圧延して製造することが困難になる。一方、2.0%未満では、十分な鉄損低減効果が得難くなる。そのため、Si含有量は2.0%以上4.5%以下が好ましい。
Mnは、熱間加工性を改善するために必要な元素である。0.5%超では、一次再結晶集合組織が劣化し、ゴス方位が高度に集積した二次再結晶粒を得るのが困難になる。一方、0.01%未満では、十分な熱延加工性を得るのが困難になる。そのため、Mn含有量は0.01%以上0.5%以下が好ましく、より好ましくは0.03%以上0.5%以下である。
本発明の製造方法は、鋼スラブを、熱間圧延して熱延板とする。鋼スラブは、加熱してから熱間圧延に供することができる。その際の加熱温度は、熱間圧延性を確保する観点から1050℃程度以上とするのが好ましい。加熱温度の上限は特に限定されないが、1450℃超の温度は、鋼の融点に近く、スラブの形状を保つのが困難であるため、1450℃以下とすることが好ましい。
それ以外の熱間圧延条件は特に限定されず、公知の条件を適用することができる。
質量%で、C:0.037%、Si:3.4%及びMn:0.05%を含有し、質量ppmで、S及びSeをそれぞれ31ppm、Nを50ppm、sol.Alを85ppm含有し、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物の組成からなる鋼スラブを、1210℃に加熱後、熱間圧延して板厚2.0mmの熱延板とした。
加熱温度(最高温度)を50℃以上450℃の範囲で変更し、加熱温度(最高温度)と鉄損の関係を図1に示す。
実施例1で製造した熱延板焼鈍板を、実施例1で使用した誘導加熱装置及びタンデム圧延機を用いて、昇温速度100℃/sで加熱温度(最高温度)100℃まで加熱し、加熱温度に到達してから1パス目の圧延スタンドに噛み込むまでの時間(加熱後経過時間)を1~10秒の範囲で変化させて冷間圧延を行い、板厚0.20mmの冷延板とした。得られた冷延板を用いて、実施例1と同様にして製品コイルを製造した。製品コイルについて、実施例1と同様にして、コイル長手方向3点の鉄損を測定し、平均値と標準偏差を求めた。加熱後経過時間と鉄損の関係を図2に示す。
実施例1で製造した熱延板焼鈍板を、実施例1で使用した誘導加熱装置及びタンデム圧延機を用いて、昇温速度を10~200℃/sの範囲で変化させて加熱温度(最高温度)100℃まで加熱し、加熱温度に到達してから3秒後に1パス目の圧延スタンドに噛み込ませ冷間圧延を行い、板厚0.20mmの冷延板とした。得られた冷延板を用いて、実施例1と同様にして製品コイルを製造した。製品コイルについて、実施例1と同様にして、コイル長手方向3点の鉄損を測定し、平均値と標準偏差を求めた。加熱速度と鉄損の関係を図3に示す。
質量%で、C:0.06%、Si:3.4%及びMn:0.06%を含有し、N:90ppm、sol.Alを250ppm、S、Seをそれぞれ0.02%含有し、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物の組成からなる鋼スラブを1400℃に加熱後、熱間圧延して板厚2.0mmの熱延板とした。
質量%で、C:0.036%、Si:3.4%及びMn:0.06%を含有し、質量ppmで、Nを50ppm、sol.Alを72ppm、S及びSeをそれぞれ31ppm含有し、その他の成分として、Sb、Cu、P、Cr、Ni、Sn、Nb、Mo、B、Biを、表2に示す組成で含有し、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物の組成からなる鋼を溶製し、鋼スラブとし、1210℃に加熱後、熱間圧延して板厚2.0mmの熱延板とした。
Claims (4)
- 鋼スラブを熱間圧延し、場合により焼鈍を施したのち、1回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延により最終板厚を有する冷延板とし、次いで前記最終板厚を有する冷延板を脱炭焼鈍したのち、二次再結晶焼鈍を施す工程を含む、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
最終の冷間圧延直前に、鋼板を100℃/s以上の昇温速度で100℃以上350℃以下の加熱温度まで加熱し、前記鋼板が加熱温度に到達してから最終の冷間圧延の1パス目に噛み込むまでの時間が5秒以内である、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記鋼スラブが、質量%で、
C:0.01%以上0.10%以下、
Si:2.0%以上4.5%以下、
Mn:0.01%以上0.5%以下、
Al:0.0100%以上0.0400%以下、
S及びSeから選ばれる1種又は2種の合計:0.0100%以上0.0500%以下、ならびに
N:0.0050%超0.0120%以下を含有し、
残部がFe及び不可避的不純物の成分組成を有する、
請求項1記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記鋼スラブが、質量%で、
C:0.01%以上0.10%以下、
Si:2.0%以上4.5%以下、
Mn:0.01%以上0.5%以下、
Al:0.0100%未満、
S:0.0070%以下、
Se:0.0070%以下、及び
N:0.0050%以下を含有し、
残部がFe及び不可避的不純物の成分組成を有する、
請求項1記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記鋼スラブが、さらに、質量%で、
Sb:0.005%以上0.50%以下、
Cu:0.01%以上1.50%以下、
P:0.005%以上0.50%以下、
Cr:0.01%以上1.50%以下、
Ni:0.005%以上1.50%以下、
Sn:0.01%以上0.50%以下、
Nb:0.0005%以上0.0100%以下、
Mo:0.01%以上0.50%以下、
B:0.001%以上0.007%以下、及び
Bi:0.0005%以上0.05%以下からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上を含有する、請求項2又は3に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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