JP6999186B2 - 点火プラグ燃焼イオン化センサ - Google Patents
点火プラグ燃焼イオン化センサ Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title description 69
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 82
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/22—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having two or more electrodes embedded in insulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/68—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas
- G01N27/70—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas and measuring current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/38—Selection of materials for insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices
- H01T13/41—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with interference suppressing or shielding means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
- H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
- F02P2017/125—Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
- F02P5/1502—Digital data processing using one central computing unit
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Immunology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Description
一般に、例示的な点火プラグ燃焼イオン化センサは、ハウジングと、内燃エンジンのシリンダヘッドのねじ穴に螺入できるねじ部分と、火花電極と、接地電極とを含む。また、例示的センサは、(a)接地電極及び(b)火花電極から電気的に絶縁された専用イオン電流検知電極を有することができる。図示のように、検知電極は、接地電極及び火花電極との間に火花が発生しないように、換言すれば火花電極と接地電極との間にのみ1又は複数の火花が発生するように配置することができる。燃焼室には混合気の乱流が発生するため、このような配置は、検知電極と火花電極との間に距離を空けることによって、或いはこれらの電極を異なるように配向することによって行うことができる。
図1及び図2の例示的な実施形態は、上述したコンポーネントに加えて、燃焼室内に延びる専用の電気的に絶縁された検知電極6も含む。イオン電流検知電極6は、火花電極5及び接地電極1aから電気的に絶縁される。検知電極6は、一端が内燃エンジンの燃焼室内に延びて他端を図9に示すような信号処理ユニット13に接続できる導電性材料から形成することができる。検知電極6は、単一部品の固体ロッドとすることも、或いは導電性ロッド、抵抗器、コンデンサ、又は点火プラグの本体を通じてイオン電流を搬送できるいずれかのコンポーネントの組などの複数の要素で構成し、又はこれらに接続することもできる。検知電極6は、図1に示す構成に加えて、図4A~図4Cに示すように管として構成することもできる。この実施形態では、火花電極5を取り囲んで検知電極6を同軸的に配置し、絶縁管11がこれらの電極を電気的に絶縁する役割を果たすようにすることができる。
図9を参照すると、典型的な火花点火式内燃エンジンでは、エンジン制御ユニット14が、エンジンの点火順に基づいて点火を行うための火花タイミングコマンドを所望のエンジンシリンダのイグニッションシステム15に送信する。導電性ロッド3及び高周波ノイズ相殺抵抗器4(図1の実施形態)を通過して火花電極5に電流が流れ、火花ギャップに高電圧を生じさせる。その後、火花ギャップの電圧が火花ギャップ内の混合気の絶縁耐力を超えると、火花電極5と接地電極1aとの間に火花が発生して火炎核を引き起こし、燃焼室全体にわたる火炎伝播を含む燃焼プロセスが後続する。
1b ねじ部分
1c 六角形特徴部
5 火花電極
6 検知電極
9 絶縁体
11 絶縁管
12 電磁干渉シールド
Claims (16)
- 点火プラグであって、
長手方向軸を定める火花電極と、
第1の端部と第2の端部とを有し、前記火花電極の少なくとも一部を取り囲む電気絶縁体であって、前記火花電極は、前記電気絶縁体の前記第1の端部において露出された遠位端を有している、前記電気絶縁体と、
前記電気絶縁体の一部を取り囲み、前記点火プラグをエンジンシリンダヘッド内に取り付けるように適合されたハウジングと、
前記ハウジングに接続されて、前記火花電極との間に火花ギャップを形成するように配置された接地電極と、
前記ハウジング又は前記電気絶縁体のいずれかを貫通し、前記火花電極から電気的に絶縁された検知電極であって、前記接地電極の付近で前記検知電極の遠位端が露出し、前記検知電極の前記遠位端は、前記火花電極の前記遠位端と径方向に離間している、前記検知電極と、
前記検知電極と前記火花電極との間に配置され、前記検知電極及び前記火花電極から電気的に絶縁され、前記検知電極における電磁干渉を実質的に低減する導電性シールドと、
前記火花電極を該火花電極の長さに沿って実質的に取り囲む絶縁材料と、を備え、
前記導電性シールドは、前記絶縁材料を該絶縁材料の長さに沿って実質的に取り囲むことを特徴とする点火プラグ。 - 前記検知電極は、前記接地電極から電気的に絶縁される、
請求項1に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記電気絶縁体の前記第1の端部において露出する少なくとも第2の火花電極をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記火花電極から電気的に絶縁され、前記電気絶縁体の前記第1の端部において一部が露出する少なくとも第2の検知電極をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記ハウジングは金属を含み、前記検知電極は前記ハウジングを貫通し、前記点火プラグは、前記検知電極を該検知電極の長さの少なくとも一部に沿って実質的に取り囲む絶縁材料をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記検知電極は、前記接地電極から電気的に絶縁される、
請求項5に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記点火プラグの前記第1の端部において露出する導電性要素を含む、前記金属を貫通する少なくとも第2の検知電極をさらに備え、前記第2の検知電極を該第2の検知電極の長さに沿って実質的に取り囲む絶縁材料をさらに備える、
請求項5に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記検知電極は、単一の導電性要素を含む、
請求項6に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記検知電極は、複数の導電性要素を含む、
請求項6に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記複数の導電性要素は、導電性ロッド及び抵抗器を含む、
請求項9に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記検知電極は、前記電気絶縁体上に導電性ランドを含む、
請求項1に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記検知電極は、導電性ランドとして構成された複数の検知電極を含む、
請求項11に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記少なくとも1つの検知電極は、前記接地電極から電気的に絶縁される、
請求項11に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記導電性ランドに結合されて前記電気絶縁体を貫通する導電性リードをさらに備える、
請求項12に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記ハウジングは、ねじ山付きであって金属を含む、
請求項13に記載の点火プラグ。 - 前記導電性シールドを実質的に取り囲む絶縁層をさらに備え、前記検知電極は、実質的に管状であって、前記絶縁層と前記電気絶縁体との間に配置される、
請求項1に記載の点火プラグ。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201662425127P | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | |
US62/425,127 | 2016-11-22 | ||
PCT/US2017/063015 WO2018098278A1 (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2017-11-22 | Spark plug combustion ionization sensor |
US15/820,870 | 2017-11-22 | ||
US15/820,870 US20180142664A1 (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2017-11-22 | Spark Plug Combustion Ionization Sensor |
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JP2020506497A JP2020506497A (ja) | 2020-02-27 |
JP6999186B2 true JP6999186B2 (ja) | 2022-01-18 |
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US (2) | US20180142664A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3545187A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6999186B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110226033A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018098278A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3900129A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-10-27 | AI Alpine US Bidco Inc. | System and method for spark plug identification and engine monitoring |
KR20210155934A (ko) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-24 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 듀얼 스파크 플러그 |
US11545816B2 (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2023-01-03 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug with multiple spark gaps |
KR20230027482A (ko) * | 2021-08-19 | 2023-02-28 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 스파크 플러그 |
US11621544B1 (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-04-04 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same |
US11831130B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2023-11-28 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug, spark plug electrode, and method of manufacturing the same |
CN114856879B (zh) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-04-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 一种可用于燃烧状态在线监测的柴油机喷嘴装置及检测方法 |
US11837852B1 (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2023-12-05 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode with electrode tip directly thermally coupled to heat dissipating core and method of manufacturing the same |
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DE102006033480A1 (de) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-01-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Zündkerze, insbesondere für hohe Brennraumdrücke |
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EP2264844B1 (en) | 2008-04-09 | 2016-11-16 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Spark plug for internal combustion engine |
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2017
- 2017-11-22 JP JP2019528453A patent/JP6999186B2/ja active Active
- 2017-11-22 CN CN201780084048.7A patent/CN110226033A/zh active Pending
- 2017-11-22 EP EP17873286.3A patent/EP3545187A4/en active Pending
- 2017-11-22 WO PCT/US2017/063015 patent/WO2018098278A1/en unknown
- 2017-11-22 US US15/820,870 patent/US20180142664A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2020
- 2020-04-29 US US16/861,578 patent/US10975829B2/en active Active
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JP2000068031A (ja) | 1998-08-18 | 2000-03-03 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | スパークプラグ及びそのスパークプラグを用いたイオン電流検出機能を持つ点火システム |
Also Published As
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JP2020506497A (ja) | 2020-02-27 |
WO2018098278A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
EP3545187A4 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
CN110226033A (zh) | 2019-09-10 |
US20180142664A1 (en) | 2018-05-24 |
EP3545187A1 (en) | 2019-10-02 |
US10975829B2 (en) | 2021-04-13 |
US20200256308A1 (en) | 2020-08-13 |
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