JP6992512B2 - 一体化成形体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
一体化成形体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6992512B2 JP6992512B2 JP2017563142A JP2017563142A JP6992512B2 JP 6992512 B2 JP6992512 B2 JP 6992512B2 JP 2017563142 A JP2017563142 A JP 2017563142A JP 2017563142 A JP2017563142 A JP 2017563142A JP 6992512 B2 JP6992512 B2 JP 6992512B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
(1)片側表面が意匠面である板材(A)と部材(B)との間に接合樹脂(C)が介在した一体化成形体において、前記部材(B)の内側に、前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)とが離間するように配置され、前記板材(A)の外周縁部の少なくとも一部の領域が前記接合樹脂(C)と接合する第1の接合部を有するとともに、前記一体化成形体の意匠面側の表面の少なくとも一部に、前記板材(A)、前記部材(B)、および前記接合樹脂(C)が露出する領域を有する一体化成形体。
(2)前記第1の接合部が、前記板材(A)の外周縁部全周にわたって形成されている(1)に記載の一体化成形体。
(3)前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)とが、前記接合樹脂(C)を介してオーバーラップする領域を含む(1)または(2)に記載の一体化成形体。
(4)前記接合樹脂(C)が熱可塑性樹脂である(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(5)前記部材(B)が金属製フレームである(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(6)前記部材(B)が強化繊維及び樹脂からなる繊維強化樹脂である(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(7)前記部材(B)が、前記部材(B)の少なくとも一部に立壁形状部を有するフレーム部材である(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(8)前記板材(A)は強化繊維と熱硬化性樹脂からなる繊維強化樹脂部材及び金属製部材の少なくとも1つから構成される部材を有する(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(9)前記板材(A)は、強化繊維と熱硬化性樹脂からなる繊維強化樹脂部材及び金属製部材のいずれか少なくとも1つから構成される部材を含むスキン層でコア層の両表面を挟んだサンドイッチ構造を有し、前記コア層が、熱可塑性樹脂、発泡体、および不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材のいずれかから選択される(8)に記載の一体化成形体。
(10)前記板材(A)の外表面に熱可塑性樹脂層(D)が更に設けられているとともに、前記板材(A)と接合樹脂(C)とは前記熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を介して接合されている(8)または(9)に記載の一体化成形体。
(11)前記発泡体、および不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材のいずれかからなる前記コア層の一部に、前記接合樹脂(C)が入り込む嵌入部を有する(9)または(10)に記載の一体化成形体。
(12)前記コア層が前記多孔質基材である前記板材(A)の前記第1の接合部と、該第1の接合部以外の領域との間に段差部を有し、前記段差部が前記板材(A)の面内方向に対して10°~90°の傾斜面を有する(9)または(10)に記載の一体化成形体。
(13)前記第1の接合部における前記多孔質基材の空隙率が、前記第1の接合部以外の領域における前記多孔質基材の空隙率よりも低い(12)に記載の一体化成形体。
(14)以下の工程[1]及び工程[2]を少なくとも有する一体化成形体の製造方法。
[1]フレーム形状を有する部材(B)の内側に、前記部材(B)と少なくとも一部を離間させて片側表面が意匠面である板材(A)を金型内に配置する工程
[2]前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)との空隙に接合樹脂(C)を射出成形することにより、少なくとも前記板材(A)の外周縁部で前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)とを接合一体化させる工程
(15)前記意匠面と反対側から前記空隙に接合樹脂(C)を射出成形することにより、前記意匠面側の一体化成形体表面の少なくとも一部を、前記板材(A)、前記部材(B)及び前記接合樹脂(C)が露出する領域とする(14)に記載の一体化成形体の製造方法。
本発明は、少なくとも以下の工程[1]及び工程[2]を有する一体化成形体1の製造方法である。
[1]フレーム形状を有する部材(B)3の内側に、前記部材(B)3と少なくとも一部を離間させて片側表面が意匠面である板材(A)2を金型内に配置する工程
[2]前記板材(A)2と前記部材(B)3との空隙の接合樹脂(C)4を射出成形することにより、少なくとも前記板材(A)2の外周縁部で前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)3とを接合一体化させる工程
まず、図1に示した板材(A)2と、図2に示した四角枠形状をした部材(B)3とを別々に予め成形しておく。
図14に、四辺独立した形態の部材(B)3の一つの部位を示す。図15に示すように、板材(A)2の四辺の外側にそれぞれ部材(B)3を一定の空隙を設けて配置し、その後に接合樹脂(C)4を射出成形することで板材(A)2と四辺独立した部材(B)3とが接合樹脂(C)4が介在した形で接合し一体化する。
箱型形状である一体化成形体の意匠面側を上にした状態で、次の通り天板(板材(A))の厚み方向の変位(mm)を測定した。測定点は天板(板材(A))の中央部と、一体化成形体の4つの角部と、各長辺、短辺の中央部の4点である(計9点)。なお、天板(板材(A))中央部以外の測定箇所は各長辺、短辺からそれぞれ2mm内側であり、測定には3次元測定器を用いた。
A:各反り量の合計が2.5mm未満
B:各反り量の合計が2.5mm以上3.0mm未満
C:各反り量の合計が3.0mm以上3.5mm未満
D:各反り量の合計が3.5mm以上
一体化化成形体の接合部において、表面粗さ測定器を用いて、接合境界線に対して垂直に接合部を横切るように表面粗さ計測定ヘッドを走査し、一体化成形体表面の粗さを測定(測定方法はJISB0633(2001)に準拠)した。板材(A)の厚み方向の変位(Y方向とする、単位:μm)と測定ストローク(単位:mm)とから粗さ曲線を求めた。測定条件として、測定ストロークは20mm、測定速度0.3mm/s、カットオフ値0.3mm、フィルタ種別はガウシアン、傾斜補正無し、を選択した。測定ストロークの中間点である10mmの部分に接合部をセットした。ここで、得られた粗さ曲線における最大の山頂のY方向変位と最小の谷底のY方向変位との差を接合部の段差とした。なお、本実施例では表面粗さ測定器として、(株)東京精密製サーフコム480Aを用いた。上述の方法により、板材(A)と接合樹脂(C)、板材(A)と部材(B)および部材(B)と接合樹脂(C)のそれぞれの接合部の段差を求めた。なお、各測定箇所は一体化成形体の2つの長辺のそれぞれの中央部について測定し、その平均値を接合部の段差とした。
(各接合部の段差における判定基準)
A:接合部の段差が8.0μm未満
B:接合部の段差が8.0μm以上1.2μm未満
C:接合部の段差が1.2μm以上
(接合部の段差における総合評価の判定基準)
A:全てがA判定の場合
B:C判定を含まず、少なくとも1つがB判定の場合
C:少なくとも1つがC判定の場合
一体化成形体の反り量、および一体化成形体の接合境界線の平滑性の2つの総合評価の判定結果に基づき、以下の基準で一体化成形体の総合評価を判定した。A、Bが合格であり、C、Dが不合格である。
A:2つの総合評価がいずれもA判定の場合
B:2つの総合評価のうち、C、D判定を含まず、少なくとも1つがB判定の場合
C:2つの総合評価のうち、D判定を含まず、少なくとも1つがC判定の場合
D:2つの総合評価のうち、少なくとも1つがD判定の場合
ポリアクリロニトリルを主成分とする重合体から紡糸、焼成処理を行い、総フィラメント数12000本の炭素繊維連続束を得た。この炭素繊維連続束に浸漬法によりサイジング剤を付与し、加熱空気中で乾燥しPAN系炭素繊維束を得た。このPAN系炭素繊維束の特性は次の通りであった。
単繊維径;7μm
単位長さ当たりの質量:0.83g/m
密度:1.8g/cm3
引張強度:4.0GPa
引張弾性率:235GPa
エポキシ樹脂(ベースレジン:ジシアンジアミド/ジクロロフェニルメチルウレア硬化系エポキシ樹脂)を、ナイフコーターを用いて離型紙上に塗布してエポキシ樹脂フィルムを得た。
材料組成例1で得たPAN系炭素繊維束をシート状に一方向に配列させ、材料組成例2で作製したエポキシ樹脂フィルム2枚を炭素繊維の両面から重ね、加熱加圧により樹脂を含浸させ、炭素繊維の重量含有率が70%、厚み0.15mmの一方向プリプレグを作製した。
ポリアミド樹脂(東レ(株)製CM8000、4元共重合ポリアミド6/66/610/12、融点130℃)のペレットを、プレス成形を行い、厚み0.05mmの熱可塑接着フィルムを得た。これを熱可塑性樹脂層(D)として使用した。
ガラス繊維強化ナイロン樹脂CM1011G-30(東レ(株)製、ナイロン6樹脂マトリックス、繊維重量含有率30%、融点225℃)を接合樹脂(C)として用いた。
ポリプロピレン樹脂ベースの発泡シート、厚み0.65mm、密度0.5g/cm3
カートリッジカッターを用いて、材料組成例1のPAN系炭素繊維束をカットし、繊維長6mmのチョップド炭素繊維束を得た。
界面活性剤(和光純薬工業(株)社製、「n-ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム」(製品名))の1.5wt%水溶液100リットルを攪拌し、予め泡立てた分散液を作製した。この分散液に、材料組成例7で得られたチョップド炭素繊維束1を投入し、10分間撹拌した後、長さ400mm×幅400mmの抄紙面を有する抄紙機に流し込み、吸引により脱水後、150℃の温度で2時間乾燥し、炭素繊維からなる炭素繊維マットを得た。得られたマットは良好な分散状態であった。
無変性ポリプロピレン樹脂(プライムポリマー(株)社製、“プライムポリプロ”(登録商標)J105G、融点160℃)を90質量%と、酸変性ポリプロピレン樹脂(三井化学(株)社製、“アドマー” (登録商標) QE510、融点160℃)を10質量%用意し、これらをドライブレンドした。このドライブレンド品を二軸押出機のホッパーから投入し、押出機にて溶融混練した後、400mm幅のT字ダイから押出した。その後、60℃のチルロールで引き取ることによって冷却固化させ、ポリプロピレン樹脂フィルムを得た。
材料組成例9と同様にして、無変性ポリプロピレン樹脂(プライムポリマー(株)社製、“プライムポリプロ”(登録商標)J105G、融点160℃)を80質量%と、酸変性ポリプロピレン樹脂(三井化学(株)社製、“アドマー” (登録商標) QE510、融点160℃)を20質量%用意し、これらをドライブレンドした。このドライブレンド品を二軸押出機のホッパーから投入し、押出機にて溶融混練した後、400mm幅のT字ダイから押出した。その後、60℃のチルロールで引き取ることによって冷却固化させ、ポリプロピレン樹脂シートを得た。
アルミ板(AL5052、厚さ1.25mm)を板材(A)の金属製部材として使用した。
押出成形機を用いて、材料組成例1のPAN系炭素繊維束にフェノール樹脂を含浸させた、図14の形状をしたCFRP製フレーム材を得た。これを部材(B)のCFRP製フレーム部材として使用した。
AL5052の角材をCNC加工し、図14の形状をしたアルミ製フレームを得た。これを部材(B)のアルミ製フレーム部材として使用した。
材料組成例3で得た一方向プリプレグと、材料組成例4で得た熱可塑接着フィルムとを用いて、それぞれ400mm角のサイズに調整した後、[一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°/接着フィルム]の順序で積層した。この積層体を離型フィルムで挟み、さらにツール板で挟んだ。ここで、厚み調整としてツール板間に厚み1.25mmのスペーサを挿入した。盤面温度150℃の盤面の上にツール板を配置した後、盤面を閉じて3MPaで加熱プレスした。加圧から5分間経過した後、盤面を開き、厚み1.25mmの平板形状をした熱可塑接着フィルム付き熱硬化CFRP板を得た。これを熱可塑性樹脂層(D)が付着した板材(A)2とした。
実施例1で得た300mm×200mm×厚み1.25mmの熱可塑接着フィルム付きCFRP板(板材(A)2)と、材料組成例12の図14に示すCFRP製フレーム(部材(B)3)を用いた。熱可塑接着フィルムの図示は省略した。CFRP製フレームの接着領域の表面をサンドペーパーで荒らした。次に、図13に示すように、下金型15の中央に熱可塑接着フィルム付きCFRP板(板材(A)2)の意匠面側を下にして配置し、その熱可塑接着フィルム付きCFRP板(板材(A)2)の四辺の外側にそれぞれ4本のCFRP製フレーム(部材(B)3)を一定の空隙を設けて配置し、型締めを行った後、材料組成例5のガラス繊維強化ナイロン樹脂(接合樹脂(C)4)を射出成形して、図15に示す天板と4辺の立ち壁から構成された一体化成形体1を製造した。得られた一体化成形体1の接合部および立ち壁を含んだ断面を図17に示す。なお、図15および図17では、図の上方を意匠面側としている。
材料組成例3で得た一方向プリプレグと、材料組成例6で得た発泡ポリプロピレン樹脂シートとを用いて、それぞれ400mm角のサイズに調整した後、[一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/発泡ポリプロピレン樹脂シート/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°]の順序で積層した。この積層体を離型フィルムで挟み、さらにツール板で挟んだ。ここで、厚み調整としてツール板間に厚み1.25mmのスペーサを挿入した。盤面温度150℃の盤面の上にツール板を配置した後、盤面を閉じて3MPaで加熱プレスした。加圧から5分間経過した後、盤面を開き、厚み1.25mmの平板形状をした発泡コア層サンドイッチ構造体(板材(A)2)を得た。
材料組成例3で得た一方向プリプレグと、材料組成例4で得た熱可塑接着フィルムと、材料組成例10で得たポリプロピレン樹脂シートとを用いて、それぞれ400mm角のサイズに調整した後、[一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/ポリプロピレン樹脂シート/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°/接着フィルム]の順序で積層した。この積層体を離型フィルムで挟み、さらにツール板で挟んだ。ここで、厚み調整としてツール板間に厚み1.25mmのスペーサを挿入した。盤面温度160℃の盤面の上にツール板を配置した後、盤面を閉じて3MPaで加熱プレスした。加圧から5分間経過した後、盤面を開き、厚み1.25mmの平板形状をしたポリプロピレン樹脂コア層サンドイッチ構造体(板材(A)2)を得た。
材料組成例3の一方向プリプレグと、材料組成例4の熱可塑接着フィルムと、材料組成例8の炭素繊維マットと、材料組成例9のポリプロピレン樹脂フィルムとを用いた。これらを400mm角のサイズに調整した後、[一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/ポリプロピレン樹脂フィルム/炭素繊維マット/ポリプロピレン樹脂フィルム/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°/接着フィルム]の順序で積層した。
材料組成例11のアルミ板(板材(A)2)の接着面側の表面のみをサンドペーパーで荒らした後、300mm×200mmのサイズに調整した。次に、実施例1で得たガラス繊維強化ナイロン樹脂製の四角枠形状をしたフレーム部材(部材(B)3)と、アルミ板(板材(A)2)とを実施例1と同様にして射出成形金型内にセットし、型締めを行った後、材料組成例5のガラス繊維強化ナイロン樹脂(接合樹脂(C)4)を射出成形して、図3に示す天板と4辺の立ち壁から構成された一体化成形体を製造した。得られた一体化成形体の接合部および立ち壁を含んだ断面を図4および図5に示す。なお、図3、図4および図5では、図の上方を意匠面側としている。
実施例1で得た300mm×200mm×厚み1.25mmの熱可塑接着フィルム(本発明における熱可塑性樹脂層(D))付きCFRP板(板材(A)2)と、材料組成例13のアルミ製フレーム(部材(B)3)を用いた。アルミ製フレームの接着領域の表面をサンドペーパーで荒らした。次に、熱可塑接着フィルム付きCFRP板と、アルミ製フレーム4本を実施例2と同様にして射出成形金型内にセットし、型締めを行った後、材料組成例5のガラス繊維強化ナイロン樹脂(接合樹脂(C)4)を射出成形して、図15に示す天板と4辺の立ち壁から構成された一体化成形体を製造した。得られた一体化成形体の接合部および立ち壁を含んだ断面を図16に示す。なお、図15および図16では、図の上方を意匠面側としている。
実施例1で得た301mm×201mm×厚み1.25mmの熱可塑接着フィルム付きCFRP板(板材(A)2)と、実施例1で得たガラス繊維強化ナイロン樹脂製の四角枠形状をしたフレーム部材(部材(B)3)とを実施例1と同様にして射出成形金型内にセットし、型締めを行った後、材料組成例5のガラス繊維強化ナイロン樹脂(接合樹脂(C)4)を射出し、図18に示す天板と4辺の立ち壁から構成された一体化成形体を製造した。得られた一体化成形体の接合部および立ち壁を含んだ断面を図19に示す。なお、図18および図19では、図の下方を意匠面側としている。
材料組成例3で得た一方向プリプレグを用いて、400mm角のサイズに調整した後、[一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°/一方向プリプレグ90°/一方向プリプレグ0°]の順序で積層した。この積層体を離型フィルムで挟み、さらにツール板で挟んだ。ここで、厚み調整としてツール板間に厚み1.2mmのスペーサを挿入した。盤面温度150℃の盤面の上にツール板を配置した後、盤面を閉じて3MPaで加熱プレスした。加圧から5分間経過した後、盤面を開き、厚み1.2mmの平板形状をしたCFRP板(板材(A)2)を得た。
2 板材(A)
3 部材(B)
4 接合樹脂(C)
5 外周縁部
6 接合境界部
7 オーバーラップする領域
8 立壁形状部
9 熱可塑性樹脂層(D)
10 スキン層
11 コア層
12 第1の接合部
13 第1の接合部以外の領域
14 段差部
15 下金型
16 上金型
17 嵌入部
Claims (13)
- 片側表面が意匠面である板材(A)と部材(B)との間に接合樹脂(C)が介在した一体化成形体において、前記部材(B)が金属製フレームであり、前記部材(B)の内側に、前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)とが離間するように配置され、前記板材(A)の外周縁部の少なくとも一部の領域が前記接合樹脂(C)と接合する第1の接合部を有するとともに、前記一体化成形体の意匠面側の表面の少なくとも一部に、前記板材(A)、前記部材(B)、および前記接合樹脂(C)が露出する領域を有する一体化成形体。
- 片側表面が意匠面である板材(A)と部材(B)との間に接合樹脂(C)が介在した一体化成形体において、前記部材(B)が強化繊維及び樹脂からなる繊維強化樹脂であり、前記部材(B)の内側に、前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)とが離間するように配置され、前記板材(A)の外周縁部の少なくとも一部の領域が前記接合樹脂(C)と接合する第1の接合部を有するとともに、前記一体化成形体の意匠面側の表面の少なくとも一部に、前記板材(A)、前記部材(B)、および前記接合樹脂(C)が露出する領域を有する一体化成形体。
- 前記第1の接合部が、前記板材(A)の外周縁部全周にわたって形成されている請求項1または2に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)とが、前記接合樹脂(C)を介してオーバーラップする領域を含む請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記接合樹脂(C)が熱可塑性樹脂である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記部材(B)が、前記部材(B)の少なくとも一部に立壁形状部を有するフレーム部材である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記板材(A)は強化繊維と熱硬化性樹脂からなる繊維強化樹脂部材及び金属製部材の少なくとも1つから構成される部材を有する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記板材(A)は、強化繊維と熱硬化性樹脂からなる繊維強化樹脂部材及び金属製部材のいずれか少なくとも1つから構成される部材を含むスキン層でコア層の両表面を挟んだサンドイッチ構造を有し、前記コア層が、熱可塑性樹脂、発泡体、および不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材のいずれかから選択される請求項7に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記板材(A)の外表面に熱可塑性樹脂層(D)が更に設けられているとともに、前記板材(A)と接合樹脂(C)とは前記熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を介して接合されている請求項7または8に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記発泡体、および不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材のいずれかからなる前記コア層の一部に、前記接合樹脂(C)が入り込む嵌入部を有する請求項8に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記コア層が前記多孔質基材である前記板材(A)の前記第1の接合部と、該第1の接合部以外の領域との間に段差部を有し、前記段差部が前記板材(A)の面内方向に対して10°~90°の傾斜面を有する請求項8に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記第1の接合部における前記多孔質基材の空隙率が、前記第1の接合部以外の領域における前記多孔質基材の空隙率よりも低い請求項11に記載の一体化成形体。
- 以下の工程[1]及び工程[2]を少なくとも有する一体化成形体の製造方法。
[1]フレーム形状を有する部材(B)の内側に、前記部材(B)と少なくとも一部を離間させて片側表面が意匠面である板材(A)を金型内に配置する工程
[2]前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)との空隙に前記意匠面と反対側から接合樹脂(C)を射出成形することにより、少なくとも前記板材(A)の外周縁部で前記板材(A)と前記部材(B)とを接合一体化させるとともに、前記意匠面側の一体化成形体表面の少なくとも一部を、前記板材(A)、前記部材(B)及び前記接合樹脂(C)が露出する領域とする工程
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JP2003025837A (ja) | 2001-07-12 | 2003-01-29 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 枠材付き窓用板材およびその製造方法 |
JP2005297581A (ja) | 2002-08-15 | 2005-10-27 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 枠材付き窓用板材およびその製造方法 |
JP2016097589A (ja) | 2014-11-21 | 2016-05-30 | 三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス株式会社 | パネル及び車両 |
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EP3552794A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
CN110062687B (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
WO2018110293A1 (ja) | 2018-06-21 |
TW201827203A (zh) | 2018-08-01 |
EP3552794A4 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
CN110062687A (zh) | 2019-07-26 |
US20190389174A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
KR20190093566A (ko) | 2019-08-09 |
JPWO2018110293A1 (ja) | 2019-10-24 |
TWI781970B (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
US11110685B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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