JP7153253B2 - 繊維強化プラスチック成形体 - Google Patents
繊維強化プラスチック成形体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7153253B2 JP7153253B2 JP2021511221A JP2021511221A JP7153253B2 JP 7153253 B2 JP7153253 B2 JP 7153253B2 JP 2021511221 A JP2021511221 A JP 2021511221A JP 2021511221 A JP2021511221 A JP 2021511221A JP 7153253 B2 JP7153253 B2 JP 7153253B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- resin
- laminate
- reinforced plastic
- plastic molded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
(1)少なくとも繊維強化樹脂からなる面状構造体である積層体(A)と、前記積層体(A)の外周側面部及び/または外周縁部の一部の領域または全領域に接合した樹脂部材(B)とから構成される繊維強化プラスチック成形体であって、
前記積層体(A)は、コア層(C)の両表面を一方向性の連続繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される1層又は2層以上の一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)で挟んだサンドイッチ構造部材(E)と、前記繊維強化樹脂(D)のいずれか一方の表面に織物繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される1層又は2層以上の織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層された構成であり、前記積層体(A)を肉厚方向で半等分に分割し、分割した中央線よりも前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されている方の領域(R1)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の量をAm1、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されていない方の領域(R2)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の量をAm2とすると、Am2/Am1が2~25の範囲にあることを特徴とする繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(2)前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の曲げ剛性は、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ剛性よりも大きい、(1)に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(3)前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率をMd(GPa)、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率をMf(GPa)、とすると、Md/Mfが1.2~17の範囲にある、(1)または(2)に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(4)前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率Mdが100~500GPa、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率Mfが30~80GPaの範囲にある、(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(5)前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚をTe(mm)、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚をTf(mm)とすると、Te/Tfが1.2~40の範囲にある、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(6)前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚Teが0.6~2mm、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚Tfが0.05~0.5mmの範囲にある、(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(7)前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)は繊維強化プラスチック成形体の意匠面側最外層として配されている、(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(8)前記樹脂部材(B)が、前記積層体(A)の外周側面部及び/または外周縁部の全周にわたって接合形成されている、(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(9)前記樹脂部材(B)は、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されていない側の前記積層体(A)の外周縁部の平面部の一部の領域または全領域に接合層(G)を介して、前記積層体(A)と接合されている、(1)~(8)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(10)前記コア層が、樹脂発泡体または不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材からなる、(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
(11)繊維強化プラスチック成形体の反りが2%以下である、(1)~(10)のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
また、本発明において、サンドイッチ構造部材(E)6の曲げ剛性は、織物繊維強化樹脂(F)7の曲げ剛性よりも大きい構成であることが好ましい。
図4に示した繊維強化プラスチック成形体1の製造方法について、図6~図8に例示する。図6に示すように、プレス成形下金型21上に、あらかじめ準備した織物繊維強化樹脂(F)7、一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5、コア層(C)4及び一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5をこの順に積層配置して積層体(A)2の前駆体を形成する。織物繊維強化樹脂(F)7及び一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5は、強化繊維に熱硬化性樹脂が含浸したプリプレグの形態か、または熱可塑性樹脂が含んだUDテープまたは織物の形態とすることが好ましい。
樹脂部材(B)3またはコア層(C)4に含有される強化繊維の数平均繊維長Lnを測定する。一体化成形体1から測定する樹脂部材(B)3またはコア層(C)4の一部を切り出し、電気炉にて空気中500℃で60分間加熱して樹脂を十分に焼却除去して強化繊維のみを分離した。分離した強化繊維から無作為に400本以上抽出した。これらの抽出した強化繊維の繊維長の測定は、光学顕微鏡を用いて行い、400本の繊維の長さを1μm単位まで測定して、下式を用いて数平均繊維長Lnを算出した。
数平均繊維長Ln=(ΣLi)/400
Li:繊維長(mm)
積層体(A)2を構成する織物繊維強化樹脂(F)7、一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5、コア層(C)4または樹脂部材(B)3の繊維重量含有率は、以下の方法により測定した。成形体1から測定する織物繊維強化樹脂(F)7、一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5、コア層(C)4または樹脂部材(B)3を切り出し、その重量w0(g)を測定した。次に、切り出したサンプルを空気中で500℃×1時間加熱し、樹脂成分を十分に焼却除去して残存した強化繊維の重量w1(g)を測定した。下式を用いて、繊維重量含有率(wt%)を求めた。測定はn=3で行い、その平均値を用いた。
繊維重量含有率(wt%)=(強化繊維の重量w1/切り出しサンプルの重量w0)×100
一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5の曲げ弾性率Md及び織物繊維強化樹脂(F)7の曲げ弾性率MfはJIS K 7171に基づいて測定した。各部材の曲げ剛性は、前記曲げ弾性率の測定から得られた曲げ弾性率×断面二次モーメント/板幅により算出した。
図12に繊維強化プラスチック成形体1の反りの状態を測定する方法を示す。成形体1の反りはBOSCH社のレーザー距離計を用いて測定した。まず、成形体1を、水平を保持した平板30上に載置する。成形体1の上方にレーザー距離計31が移動できる基準面32を準備する。
反り=(A/L)*100[%]
で規定した。
PAN系炭素繊維束をシート状に一方向に配列させ、エポキシ樹脂を含浸させた一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5として、一方向プリプレグ(D-1)(東レ株式会社製、P3452S-15、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率235GPa、厚み0.15mm)と、一方向プリプレグ(D-2)(東レ株式会社製、P3452S-10、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率235GPa、厚み0.10mm)と、一方向プリプレグ(D-3)(東レ株式会社製、P12453F-16、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率550GPa、厚み0.15mm)を準備した。また、一方向プリプレグ(D-4)(東レ株式会社製、P12453F-11、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率550GPa、厚み0.10mm)を準備した。
織物繊維強化樹脂(F)7として、引張弾性率が230GPaの織物炭素繊維とガラス転移温度が135℃であるエポキシ樹脂で構成される、目付が198g/m2、炭素繊維含有率56重量%、厚み0.10mmの織物プリプレグ(F-1)を準備した。
発泡ポリプロピレン(東レ株式会社製、RC2012W)から構成されるコア層(C-1)4を準備した。
多孔質基材として、不連続繊維(東レ株式会社製、T700S、炭素繊維の数平均繊維長5mm)と熱可塑性樹脂(ポリプロピレン)、不連続繊維の重量含有量30重量%からなるコア層(C-2)4を準備した。
射出成形用ガラス繊維ペレット(帝人株式会社製、GXV3540-UI、ガラス繊維、数平均繊維長0.2mm、ポリカーボネート樹脂、繊維重量含有率40重量%)を準備し、樹脂部材(B-1)3とした。
ポリエステル樹脂(東レ・デュポン(株)社製“ハイトレル”(登録商標)4057)を二軸押出機のホッパーから投入し、押出機にて溶融混練した後、T字ダイから押出した。その後、60℃のチルロールで引き取ることによって冷却固化させ、厚み0.05mmのポリエステル樹脂フィルムを得た。これを熱可塑接合層(G)8として使用した。
材料組成例1-1で準備した一方向プリプレグと材料組成例2-1で準備した発泡ポリプロピレンを用いて、[一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/発泡ポリプロピレン/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°]の順序で積層した300mm×300mmの長方形のサンドイッチ構造部材(E)6の前駆体を準備した。次に、材料組成例1-2で準備した300mm×300mm×0.1mmtの織物プリプレグ(F-1)7の2plyをサンドイッチ構造部材(E)6の前駆体の片面に積層して積層体(A)2の前駆体を準備した。一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5の曲げ弾性率Mdは、コア層(C)5に積層される「一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°」の積層されたプリプレグ硬化物の弾性率を測定した。
実施例2は表1に示した材料処方や寸法にて行い、一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)5として一方向プリプレグ(D-3)と一方向プリプレグ(D-4)を[一方向プリプレグ(D-3)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-4)90°/発泡ポリプロピレン/一方向プリプレグ(D-4)90°/一方向プリプレグ(D-3)0°]の順序で積層した300mm×300mmの長方形のサンドイッチ構造部材(E)6の前駆体を準備した以外は実施例1と同様の条件にて行った。得られた繊維強化プラスチック成形体1の反りは小さく実使用上問題ないレベルであった。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
実施例3はTf、Am1、Am2を表1に示した材料処方や寸法にて行った以外は実施例1と同様の条件にて行った。得られた繊維強化プラスチック成形体1の反りは小さく実使用上問題ないレベルであった。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
実施例2は表1に示した材料処方や寸法にて行い、積層体(A)2の前駆体において、材料組成例4で準備した接合層(G)8を積層した以外は実施例2と同様の処方で準備した。
比較例1は表1に示した材料処方や寸法にて行った。Am2/Am1が低い成形体であり、得られた繊維強化プラスチック成形体1の反りが大きく、実使用上問題があった。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
比較例2は表1に示した材料処方や寸法にて行った。Am2/Am1が高い成形体であり、得られた繊維強化プラスチック成形体1の肉厚が大きくなり、また、成形体1の反りが大きく、実使用上問題があった。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
2 積層体(A)
3 樹脂部材(B)
4 コア材(C)
5 一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)
6 サンドイッチ構造部材(E)
7 織物繊維強化樹脂(F)
7a 織物繊維の基材
8 接合層(G)
9 積層体(A)の外周縁部の平面部に接合した樹脂部材(B)
10 立壁形状部
11 積層体(A)2の肉厚
12 分割した中央線
13 織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されている方の領域(R1)
14 織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されていない方の領域(R2)
21 プレス成形下金型
22 プレス成形上金型
23 射出成形下金型
24 射出成形上金型
25 射出ゲート口
26 樹脂部材(B)を形成する空間
30 平板
31 レーザー距離計
32 基準面
33、34 成形体の両最端部
35 反り下基準線
36 反り上基準線
Claims (11)
- 少なくとも繊維強化樹脂からなる面状構造体である積層体(A)と、前記積層体(A)の外周側面部、または外周側面部及び外周縁部の一部の領域または全領域に接合した、断面が前記積層体(A)の外周側面部と平行な外周面を有する基本的に矩形の形態である樹脂部材(B)とから構成される繊維強化プラスチック成形体であって、
前記積層体(A)は、コア層(C)の両表面を一方向性の連続繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される1層又は2層以上の一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)で挟んだサンドイッチ構造部材(E)と、前記繊維強化樹脂(D)のいずれか一方の表面に織物繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される1層又は2層以上の織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層された構成であり、前記積層体(A)を肉厚方向で半等分に分割し、分割した中央線よりも前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されている方の領域(R1)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の量をAm1、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されていない方の領域(R2)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の量をAm2とすると、Am2/Am1が2~25の範囲にあることを特徴とする繊維強化プラスチック成形体。 - 前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の曲げ剛性は、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ剛性よりも大きい、請求項1に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率をMd(GPa)、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率をMf(GPa)、とすると、Md/Mfが1.2~17の範囲にある、請求項1または2に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率Mdが100~500GPa、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率Mfが30~80GPaの範囲にある、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚をTe(mm)、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚をTf(mm)とすると、Te/Tfが1.2~40の範囲にある、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚Teが0.6~2mm、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚Tfが0.05~0.5mmの範囲にある、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)は繊維強化プラスチック成形体の意匠面側最外層として配されている、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記樹脂部材(B)が、前記積層体(A)の外周側面部及び/または外周縁部の全周にわたって接合形成されている、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記樹脂部材(B)は、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されていない側の前記積層体(A)の外周縁部の平面部の一部の領域または全領域に接合層(G)を介して、前記積層体(A)と接合されている、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記コア層が、樹脂発泡体または不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材からなる、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 繊維強化プラスチック成形体の反りが2%以下である、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
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