JP7544037B2 - 繊維強化プラスチック成形体 - Google Patents
繊維強化プラスチック成形体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7544037B2 JP7544037B2 JP2021514649A JP2021514649A JP7544037B2 JP 7544037 B2 JP7544037 B2 JP 7544037B2 JP 2021514649 A JP2021514649 A JP 2021514649A JP 2021514649 A JP2021514649 A JP 2021514649A JP 7544037 B2 JP7544037 B2 JP 7544037B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- resin
- reinforced
- laminate
- reinforced plastic
- Prior art date
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Description
〔1〕繊維強化樹脂からなる面状構造体である積層体(A)と、前記積層体(A)の外周側面部の一部または全領域に接合させた樹脂部材(B)とから構成される繊維強化プラスチック成形体であって、
前記積層体(A)は、コア層(C)の両表面に一方向性の連続繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)を1層または2層以上積層させたサンドイッチ構造部材(E)と、前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の意匠面側表面に、織物繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される織物繊維強化樹脂(F)を1層または2層以上積層させた構成を有し、
前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)側からの投影面において前記樹脂部材(B)が実質的に露出していないことを特徴とする前記繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔2〕前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)、または、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)および前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層された前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)が、前記コア層(C)の全幅を超える延在部を有し、前記延在部が前記樹脂部材(B)を被覆することを特徴とする〔1〕に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔3〕前記延在部を湾曲させて前記樹脂部材(B)を被覆する第1の湾曲部を有することを特徴とする〔2〕に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔4〕前記積層体(A)の端部が前記樹脂部材(B)を被覆する第2の湾曲部を有することを特徴とする〔1〕に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔5〕前記第1の湾曲部または前記第2の湾曲部が前記樹脂部材(B)の外縁の少なくとも一部を被覆する〔3〕または〔4〕に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔6〕前記積層体(A)を肉厚方向に半等分に分割し、分割した中心線よりも前記意匠面側の領域(R1)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の重量Am1と、非意匠面側の領域(R2)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の重量Am2との比Am2/Am1が2~25の範囲にあることを特徴とする〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔7〕前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の曲げ剛性が前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ剛性よりも大きい、〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔8〕前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率Mdと、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率Mfとの比Md/Mfが1.2~17の範囲にある、〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔9〕前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率Mdが100~500GPa、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率Mfが30~80GPaの範囲にある、〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔10〕前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚Teと、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚Tfとの比Te/Tfが1.2~40の範囲にある、〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔11〕前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚Teが0.6~2mm、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚Tfが0.05~0.5mmの範囲にある、〔1〕~〔10〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔12〕前記積層体(A)の非意匠面側の繊維強化樹脂(D)の外周縁部の一部域または全領域に配設された接合層(G)を介して、前記積層体(A)と前記樹脂部材(B)とが接合されている、〔1〕~〔11〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
〔13〕前記コア層(C)が、樹脂発泡体または不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材のいずれかからなる、〔1〕~〔12〕のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
樹脂部材(B)30またはコア層(C)40に含有される強化繊維の数平均繊維長Lnを測定する。繊維強化プラスチック成形体10から測定する樹脂部材(B)30またはコア層(C)40の一部を切り出し、電気炉にて空気中500℃で60分間加熱して樹脂を十分に焼却除去して強化繊維のみを分離した。分離した強化繊維から無作為に400本以上抽出した。これらの抽出した強化繊維の繊維長の測定は、光学顕微鏡を用いて行い、400本の繊維の長さを1μm単位まで測定して、下式を用いて数平均繊維長Lnを算出した。
数平均繊維長Ln=(ΣLi)/400
Li:繊維長(mm)
積層体(A)20を構成する織物繊維強化樹脂(F)70、一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)50、コア層(C)40または樹脂部材(B)30の繊維重量含有率は、以下の方法により測定した。繊維強化プラスチック成形体10から測定する織物繊維強化樹脂(F)70、一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)50、コア層(C)40または樹脂部材(B)30を切り出し、その重量w0(g)を測定した。次に、切り出したサンプルを空気中で500℃×1時間加熱し、樹脂成分を十分に焼却除去して残存した強化繊維の重量w1(g)を測定した。下式を用いて、繊維重量含有率(wt%)を求めた。測定はn=3で行い、その平均値を用いた。
繊維重量含有率(wt%)=(強化繊維の重量w1(g)/切り出しサンプルの重量w0(g))×100
一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)50の曲げ弾性率Md及び織物繊維強化樹脂(F)70の曲げ弾性率MfはJIS K 7171に基づいて測定した。各部材の曲げ剛性は、前記曲げ弾性率の測定から得られた曲げ弾性率×断面二次モーメント/板幅により算出した。
図13に繊維強化プラスチック成形体10の反りの状態を測定する方法を示す。繊維強化プラスチック成形体10の反りはBOSCH社のレーザー距離計を用いて測定した。まず、繊維強化プラスチック成形体10を、水平を保持した平板300上に載置した。その後、繊維強化プラスチック成形体10の上方にレーザー距離計310が移動できる基準面320を準備した。
反り=(A/L)*100[%]
で規定した。
PAN系炭素繊維束をシート状に一方向に配列させ、エポキシ樹脂を含浸させた一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)50として、一方向プリプレグ(D-1)(東レ株式会社製、P3452S-15、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率235GPa、厚み0.15mm)と、一方向プリプレグ(D-2)(東レ株式会社製、P3452S-10、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率235GPa、厚み0.10mm)と、一方向プリプレグ(D-3)(東レ株式会社製、P12453F-16、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率550GPa、厚み0.15mm)を準備した。また、一方向プリプレグ(D-4)(東レ株式会社製、P12453F-11、炭素繊維の重量含有率67%、炭素繊維の引張弾性率550GPa、厚み0.10mm)を準備した。
織物繊維強化樹脂(F)70として、引張弾性率が230GPaの織物炭素繊維とガラス転移温度が135℃であるエポキシ樹脂で構成される、目付が198g/m2、炭素繊維含有率56重量%、厚み0.10mmの織物プリプレグ(F-1)を準備した。
発泡ポリプロピレン(東レ株式会社製、RC2012W)から構成されるコア層(C-1)4を準備した。
多孔質基材として、不連続繊維(東レ株式会社製、T700S、炭素繊維の数平均繊維長5mm)と熱可塑性樹脂(ポリプロピレン)、不連続繊維の重量含有量30重量%からなるコア層(C-2)4を準備した。
射出成形用ガラス繊維ペレット(帝人株式会社製、GXV3540-UI、ガラス繊維、数平均繊維長0.2mm、ポリカーボネート樹脂、繊維重量含有率40重量%)を準備し、樹脂部材(B-1)3とした。
ポリエステル樹脂(東レ・デュポン(株)社製“ハイトレル”(登録商標)4057)を二軸押出機のホッパーから投入し、押出機にて溶融混練した後、T字ダイから押出した。その後、60℃のチルロールで引き取ることによって冷却固化させ、厚み0.05mmのポリエステル樹脂フィルムを得た。これを熱可塑接合層(G)80として使用した。
材料組成例1-1で準備した一方向プリプレグと材料組成例2-1で準備した発泡ポリプロピレンを用いて、[一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/発泡ポリプロピレン/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°]の順序で積層した304mm×304mmの長方形のサンドイッチ構造部材(E)60の前駆体を準備した。次に、材料組成例1-2で準備した304mm×304mm×0.1mmtの織物プリプレグ(F-1)70の2plyをサンドイッチ構造部材(E)60の前駆体の片面に積層して積層体(A)20の前駆体を準備した。一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)50の曲げ弾性率Mdは、コア層(C)50に積層される「一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°」の積層されたプリプレグ硬化物の弾性率を測定した。
材料組成例1-1で準備した一方向プリプレグと材料組成例2-1で準備した発泡ポリプロピレンを用いて、[一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/発泡ポリプロピレン/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°]の順序で積層した310mm×310mmの長方形のサンドイッチ構造部材(E)60の前駆体を準備した。次に、材料組成例1-2で準備した310mm×310mm×0.1mmtの織物プリプレグ(F-1)70の2plyをサンドイッチ構造部材(E)60の前駆体の片面に積層して積層体(A)20の前駆体を準備した。一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)50の曲げ弾性率Mdは、コア層(C)50に積層される「一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°」の積層されたプリプレグ硬化物の弾性率を測定した。
材料組成例1-1で準備した一方向プリプレグと材料組成例2-2で準備した多孔質基材を用いて、[一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/多孔質基材/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°/一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°]の順序で積層した310mm×310mmの長方形のサンドイッチ構造部材(E)60の前駆体を準備した。次に、材料組成例1-2で準備した310mm×310mm×0.1mmtの織物プリプレグ(F-1)70の1plyをサンドイッチ構造部材(E)60の前駆体の片面に積層して積層体(A)20の前駆体を準備した。一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)50の曲げ弾性率Mdは、コア層(C)50に積層される「一方向プリプレグ(D-1)0°/一方向プリプレグ(D-2)90°」の積層されたプリプレグ硬化物の弾性率を測定した。
実施例1と同様の構成で、積層体(A-1)20を308mm×305mmのサイズとして準備した。
比較例1は実施例1と同様の構成で、積層体(A-1)20を270mm×270mmのサイズとして準備した。次に実施例1と同様の条件にて射出成形を実施したところ、意匠面側表面に樹脂部材(B-1)30が幅20mm露出した、意匠性の低い繊維強化プラスチック成形体10を得た。
20 積層体(A)
30 樹脂部材(B)
40 コア層(C)
50 一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)
60 サンドイッチ構造材(E)
70 織物繊維強化樹脂(F)
71 織物繊維強化樹脂の表面領域
72 織物繊維強化樹脂のR形状領域
70a 織物繊維の基材
70b 第1の湾曲部
70c 第2の湾曲部
80 接合層(G)
90 積層体(A)の外周縁部の平面部に接合した樹脂部材(B)
100 立壁形状部
110 積層体(A)の肉厚
120 分割した中央線
130 織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されている方の領域(R1)
140 織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層されていない方の領域(R2)
210 プレス成形下金型
220 プレス成形上金型
230 射出成形下金型(M1)
231 射出成形下金型(M2)
240 射出成形上金型(MM1)
241 射出成形上金型(MM2)
250 射出ゲート口
260 樹脂部材(B)を形成する空間
300 平板
310 レーザー距離計
320 基準面
330、340 成形体の両最端部
350 反り下基準線
360 反り上基準線
Claims (12)
- 繊維強化樹脂からなる面状構造体である積層体(A)と、前記積層体(A)の外周側面部の一部または全領域に接合させた樹脂部材(B)とから構成される繊維強化プラスチック成形体であって、
前記積層体(A)は、コア層(C)の両表面に一方向性の連続繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)を1層または2層以上積層させたサンドイッチ構造部材(E)と、前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の意匠面側表面に、織物繊維とマトリクス樹脂から構成される織物繊維強化樹脂(F)を1層または2層以上積層させた構成を有し、
前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)側からの投影面において前記樹脂部材(B)が実質的に露出しておらず、
前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚Teが0.6~2mmの範囲にあり、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚Tfが0.05~0.5mmの範囲にあることを特徴とする前記繊維強化プラスチック成形体。 - 前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)、または、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)および前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)が積層された前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)が、前記コア層(C)の全幅を超える延在部を有し、前記延在部が前記樹脂部材(B)を被覆することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記延在部を湾曲させて前記樹脂部材(B)を被覆する第1の湾曲部を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記積層体(A)の端部が前記樹脂部材(B)を被覆する第2の湾曲部を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記第1の湾曲部または前記第2の湾曲部が前記樹脂部材(B)の外縁の少なくとも一部を被覆する請求項3または4に記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記積層体(A)を肉厚方向に半等分に分割し、分割した中心線よりも前記意匠面側の領域(R1)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の重量Am1と、非意匠面側の領域(R2)に存在する前記樹脂部材(B)の重量Am2との比Am2/Am1が2~25の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の曲げ剛性が前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ剛性
よりも大きい、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。 - 前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率Mdと、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率Mfとの比Md/Mfが1.2~17の範囲にある、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の曲げ弾性率Mdが100~500GPa、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の曲げ弾性率Mfが30~80GPaの範囲にある、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記サンドイッチ構造部材(E)の肉厚Teと、前記織物繊維強化樹脂(F)の肉厚Tfとの比Te/Tfが1.2~40の範囲にある、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記積層体(A)の非意匠面側の一方向性繊維強化樹脂(D)の外周縁部の一部域または全領域に配設された接合層(G)を介して、前記積層体(A)と前記樹脂部材(B)とが接合されている、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
- 前記コア層(C)が、樹脂発泡体または不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂からなる多孔質基材のいずれかからなる、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の繊維強化プラスチック成形体。
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