JP6960909B2 - リチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造 - Google Patents
リチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6960909B2 JP6960909B2 JP2018514216A JP2018514216A JP6960909B2 JP 6960909 B2 JP6960909 B2 JP 6960909B2 JP 2018514216 A JP2018514216 A JP 2018514216A JP 2018514216 A JP2018514216 A JP 2018514216A JP 6960909 B2 JP6960909 B2 JP 6960909B2
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- negative electrode
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 57
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 35
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 19
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 15
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000664 lithium aluminum titanium phosphates (LATP) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010941 LiFSI Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006284 nylon film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002228 NASICON Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021525 ceramic electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
- H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/138—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
- H01M50/1385—Hybrid cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
- H01M50/466—U-shaped, bag-shaped or folded
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Description
[第1の実施形態]
また、空孔率は約40%〜90%、厚みは約10〜300μm程度のものを用いることができ、約15〜100μmのものは、より好適に用いることができる。空孔の大きさは、約20nm〜500nm程度であればよく、より好ましくは約20〜70nm程度であればよい。また、セパレータ7自体にある程度の剛性、強度を有するものがより好ましい。
[第2の実施形態]
[第3の実施形態]
[第4の実施形態]
[第5の実施形態]
また、本実施形態では、負極30及び負極集電体3が多孔質ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンのセパレータ7bに包まれ、開口部4は熱溶着接合された構成としたことにより、セルが破損して負極内部に水等が侵入した場合に、急激に水等が侵入しないため、充放電で生じた反応性の高いリチウム粉の反応性を低減して、発火・火災などの危険性を低下させ、安全性を向上させることができる。
さらにまた、本実施形態では、負極集電体3の裏面をポリプロピレンやポリエチレン等の有機電解液に耐性のある樹脂シート9で被覆した構成としたことにより、充放電時に負極集電体3の裏面に金属リチウムが析出するのを防止することができ、また負極30自体の強度及び剛性が高くなるため、複合負極作製時の作業性や、充放電時の集電体及び端子の耐久性を向上させることができる。なお、樹脂シート9としては、例えば、金属箔ラミネートフィルム2の表面の樹脂層23と同じもの、あるいは、酸変性PPシートでも良いが、とくにこれらに限定されない。
[第6および第7の実施形態]
[その他の態様]
まず、前記のように作成した理論容量84mAh相当のリチウム空気電池において、理論容量に対して0.05C相当の電流密度2mA/cm2で2時間の放電、充電を繰り返した。この際の電圧の推移を25℃の温度にて北斗電工社製HJ1001SD8で測定した結果を表1に示した。
[比較例]
この比較例における負極複合体は、PP樹脂/Al箔/PET樹脂の金属箔ラミネートフィルムの中心部分を2×2cm角に打ち抜いた外装材、酸変性ポリプロピレンフィルム打ち抜き品(外周部3×3cm、内周2×2cm)、2.5×2.5cm角の固体電解質(LATP)、酸変性ポリプロピレンフィルム打ち抜き品(外周部3×3cm、内周2×2cm)の順に重ねて、固体電解質4辺をヒートシーラーで熱溶着接合し、上側外装材とした構成となっている。
本願の出願当初の特許請求の範囲に記載されていた各請求項は、以下の通りであった。
請求項1:
負極集電体と、
金属リチウム、リチウムを主成分とする合金、またはリチウムを主成分とする化合物であって前記負極集電体に積層した負極層と、
前記負極層に積層したセパレータと
を有し、
前記セパレータと前記負極集電体とにより前記負極層を封止してなる
リチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
請求項2:
前記セパレータは、前記負極層の周縁部で前記前記負極集電体に接合している、請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
請求項3:
前記負極集電体は板状をしており、
前記負極層は、前記負極集電体の一方の面上に配置されており、
前記負極集電体の他方の面は、リチウムイオン不伝導性の物質で覆われている、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のリチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
請求項4:
前記負極層は、前記負極集電体の面上に、前記負極集電体の面積よりも狭い範囲に積層されている、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
請求項5:
前記セパレータの内側に電子導電性層を備える、請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
1a 負極複合体
1b 負極複合体
1c 負極複合体
1d 負極複合体
1d 負極複合体
1e 負極複合体
1f 負極複合体
2 金属箔ラミネートフィルム
3 負極集電体
3a 負極集電体
4 開口部
5 負極層
7 セパレータ
7a セパレータ
7b セパレータ
8 固体電解質
9 フィルム
10 電子導電性層
21 樹脂層
22 金属箔層
23 樹脂層
24 樹脂層
30 負極
31 集電部
32 端子部
73 接合部
74 熱溶着シート
75 非接合部
76 接合部
101 負極複合体
102 金属箔ラミネートフィルム
103 負極集電体
105 負極層
107 セパレータ
108 固体電解質
Claims (5)
- 負極集電体と、
金属リチウム、リチウムを主成分とする合金、又はリチウムを主成分とする化合物であって前記負極集電体に積層した負極層と、
前記負極層に積層したセパレータと
を有し、
前記セパレータと前記負極集電体とにより前記負極層を封止してなり、
前記セパレータが外装材に接合し、
前記負極層は、前記負極集電体の一方の面上に配置されており、かつ前記負極層は、前記負極集電体の面上に、前記負極集電体の面積よりも狭い範囲に積層され、
前記負極集電体の他方の面は、樹脂シート又は樹脂フィルムで覆われている、
リチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。 - 負極集電体と、前記負極集電体を境界に上下両面に、
金属リチウム、リチウムを主成分とする合金、又はリチウムを主成分とする化合物であって前記負極集電体に、前記負極集電体の面積よりも狭い範囲に積層した負極層と、
前記負極層に積層したセパレータと
を有し、
前記セパレータと前記負極集電体とにより前記負極層を封止してなり、
前記セパレータが外装材に接合する、
リチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。 - 前記セパレータは、前記負極層の周縁部で前記負極集電体に接合している、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のリチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
- 前記負極集電体は板状をしている、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
- 前記セパレータの内側に電子導電性層を備える、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のリチウム空気電池の負極複合体構造。
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JPS6220263A (ja) | 1985-07-18 | 1987-01-28 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 薄型リチウム電池 |
JPH05325948A (ja) | 1992-05-27 | 1993-12-10 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 負極材の製造方法およびリチウム二次電池 |
US9368775B2 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2016-06-14 | Polyplus Battery Company | Protected lithium electrodes having porous ceramic separators, including an integrated structure of porous and dense Li ion conducting garnet solid electrolyte layers |
US20140162108A1 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2014-06-12 | Polyplus Battery Company | Lithium battery with hermetically sealed anode |
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