JP6937699B2 - 動物飼料組成物および使用方法 - Google Patents
動物飼料組成物および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
2016年4月4日に作成され、EFS−WEBを介して提出された、15,179バイトのサイズで“80783_ST25.txt”という名称である、米国特許法施行規則(37 CFR)第1.821条の下で提出されたASCIIテキスト形式の配列表が紙のコピーの代わりに提供される。この配列表は、その開示のために参照により本明細書に援用される。
300頭の交雑種去勢牛(初期BW=298.7±16.3kg(658±36ポンド))をMead,NEの近くのthe UNL Agricultural Research and Development Center(ARDC)フィードロットにおいてフィードロット仕上げ試験に用いた。実験の開始前5日間にわたって、32%の可溶性物質添加トウモロコシ湿潤蒸留穀物残渣、32%のアルファルファ干し草、32%の乾燥圧延されたトウモロコシ、および4%の栄養補助食品(DMベース)からなる2%のBWの食餌を畜牛に制限給餌した。2日の初期体重を0日目および1日目に記録し、それを平均して初期BWとして使用した。去勢牛を軽、中間、および重BWブロックへとBWによって区分けし(それぞれn=3、2、および1のペンレプリケート(pen replicate))、BWによって階層化し、5つの食餌処理のうちの1つに無作為に割り当てられたペンを含む30のペンのうちの1つに無作為に割り当てた。1ペン当たり10頭および1処理当たり6つの反復が存在していた。食餌処理は、乱塊法(randomized block design)において、1)市販のトウモロコシ源(CON)、2)Enogen試験トウモロコシ(SYN)、3)CONおよびSYNの50:50ブレンド、4)湿潤トウモロコシグルテン飼料を含むCON(CON−SB)、および5)湿潤トウモロコシグルテン飼料を含むSYN(SYN−SB)を含んでいた(表1)。去勢牛を、アルファルファ干し草の代わりにトウモロコシを用いて21日間にわたって仕上げ飼料に適応させたが、トウモロコシサイレージ、可溶性物質添加トウモロコシ湿潤蒸留穀物残渣(WDGS)、および栄養補助食品の含有量は全ての食餌において同じままであった。湿潤トウモロコシグルテン飼料(Sweet Bran(登録商標)(Cargill);SB)を含有する食餌において、濃度は、全ての穀物適応食餌において同じままであった。タンパク質およびミネラルのNRC要件を満たすかまたはそれを超えるように食餌を配合した。最終仕上げ飼料は、去勢牛1頭当たり1日360mgのRumensin(30g/トンのDM)、および去勢牛1頭当たり1日90mgのTylan(9g/トンのDM)を提供した。1日目に去勢牛にRevalor−XSを埋め込んだ。
240頭の交雑種去勢牛(初期BW=287.8±15.4kg(634±34ポンド))をScottsbluff,NEの近くのthe UNL Panhandle Research and Extension Center(PHREC)フィードロットにおいてフィードロット仕上げ試験に用いた。畜牛の制限給餌および初期BWプロトコルは実験1と同じであった。
去勢牛を軽、中間、および重BWブロックへとBWによって区分けし、BWによって階層化し、4つの食餌処理のうちの1つに無作為に割り当てられたペンを含む24のペンのうちの1つに無作為に割り当てた。1ペン当たり10頭および1処理当たり6つの反復が存在していた。食餌処理は、1)CON、2)SYN、3)BLEND、および4)去勢牛1頭当たり1日5gの割合で食餌に添加された酵素(Amaize;Alltech,Inc.)を含むCONを含んでいた(NZ;表2)。制限給餌、計量、区分け、埋め込み、および穀物適応手順は実験1と同じであった。重、中間、および軽BWブロック中の去勢牛を(それぞれ)148日目、169日目および181日目に商業的な食肉処理場(Cargill Meat Solutions,Fort Morgan,CO)において収穫した。最終日に去勢牛は飼料を控えられ、8:00amに質量を量られてから同じ日に輸送され、屠殺された。データを、固定効果として初期BWブロックおよび実験単位としてペンを用いた乱塊法として分析した。
乱塊法において何頭かの交雑種去勢牛(初期BW(体重)=311±21kg(685±46ポンド))を用いて、173日仕上げ試験を行った。実験の開始前5日間にわたって、47.5%のアルファルファ干し草、47.5%の湿潤トウモロコシグルテン飼料、および5%の栄養補助食品(DM(乾物)ベース)からなる2%のBWの食餌を去勢牛に制限給餌した。2日の初期体重を0日目および1日目に記録し、平均して初期BWを求めた。1日目の初期BWの測定とともに、去勢牛にRevalor−XSを埋め込んだ。去勢牛を軽および重BWブロックへとBWによって区分けし、BWによって階層化し、ペンに無作為に割り当てた。次に、ペンを1ペン当たり8頭および1処理当たり6つの反復で食餌処理に無作為に割り当てた。
本発明のまた別の態様は、以下のとおりであってもよい。
〔1〕微生物α−アミラーゼを含む動物飼料組成物。
〔2〕前記微生物α−アミラーゼが、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するポリペプチドまたは配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4および/または配列番号5のヌクレオチド配列と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるポリペプチドを含む、前記〔1〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔3〕植物材料を含む動物飼料組成物であって、前記植物材料が、組み換えα−アミラーゼを含む、動物飼料組成物。
〔4〕前記組み換えα−アミラーゼが、配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4および/または配列番号5のヌクレオチド配列と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するヌクレオチド配列によってコードされ、または配列番号1のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも約80%の相同性を有するポリペプチドを含む、前記〔3〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔5〕配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4および/または配列番号5のヌクレオチド配列と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するヌクレオチド配列によってコードされ、または配列番号1のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも80%の相同性を有するポリペプチドを含む組み換えα−アミラーゼを含むトランスジェニック植物または植物部位に由来する植物材料を含む動物飼料組成物。
〔6〕前記トランスジェニック植物または植物部位が、前記植物材料の約1質量%〜約100質量%を占める、前記〔5〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔7〕前記植物材料が、前記動物飼料組成物の約5質量%〜約100質量%を占める、前記〔5〕または〔6〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔8〕前記植物材料が、トウモロコシ、ソルガム、コムギ、オオムギ、ライムギ、オートムギ、コメ、および/またはキビに由来する、前記〔3〕〜〔7〕のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔9〕前記植物材料が、トウモロコシである、前記〔8〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔10〕前記トウモロコシが、トウモロコシ事象3273を含む、前記〔9〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔11〕前記トランスジェニック植物に由来する前記植物材料が、種子である、前記〔3〕〜〔10〕のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔12〕配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4および/または配列番号5のヌクレオチド配列と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するヌクレオチド配列によってコードされ、または配列番号1のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するポリペプチドを含む組み換えα−アミラーゼで安定に形質転換されたトランスジェニックトウモロコシ植物または植物部位に由来する植物材料を含むトウモロコシ飼料。
〔13〕前記トランスジェニックトウモロコシ植物または植物部位に由来する前記植物材料が、前記トウモロコシ飼料の約1質量%〜約100質量%を占める、前記〔12〕に記載のトウモロコシ飼料。
〔14〕前記〔12〕または〔13〕に記載のトウモロコシ飼料を含む動物飼料組成物。
〔15〕前記トウモロコシ飼料が、前記動物飼料組成物の約5質量%〜約100質量%を占める、前記〔14〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔16〕動物が、家畜、動物園の動物および/またはコンパニオンアニマルである、前記〔1〕〜〔11〕または〔14〕もしくは〔15〕のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔17〕動物の平均1日体重増加を増大させる方法であって、前記〔1〕〜〔15〕のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含み、前記動物の前記平均1日体重増加が約0.05ポンド/日〜約10ポンド/日だけ増大される、方法。
〔18〕動物の成長速度(体重増加)を増大させる方法であって、前記〔1〕〜〔15〕のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含み、前記動物の前記成長速度が約0.05ポンド/日〜約10ポンド/日だけ増大される、方法。
〔19〕動物の所望の体重を達成するのに必要な日数を減少させる方法であって、前記〔1〕〜〔15〕のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給し、それにより、所望の体重を達成するのに必要な前記日数を減少させる工程を含む方法。
〔20〕前記動物の所望の体重を達成するのに必要な前記日数が、約1日〜約20日だけ減少される、前記〔19〕に記載の方法。
〔21〕動物による飼料利用の効率を増大させる方法であって、前記動物による飼料利用の前記効率を増大させるのに有効な量で前記〔1〕〜〔15〕のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含む方法。
〔22〕前記動物による飼料利用の前記効率が、約1%〜約25%だけ増大される、前記〔21〕に記載の方法。
〔23〕前記動物が、1日当たり約1ポンド〜約30ポンドの前記動物飼料組成物を供給される、前記〔17〕〜〔22〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔24〕前記動物が、1日当たり約1回〜約3回、前記動物飼料組成物を供給される、前記〔17〕〜〔23〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔25〕前記動物が、哺乳動物、鳥類、または魚類である、前記〔17〕〜〔24〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔26〕前記哺乳動物が、ウシ、ヒツジ、ヤギ、またはブタである、前記〔25〕に記載の方法。
〔27〕前記鳥類が、ニワトリ、シチメンチョウ、ウズラ、またはカモである、前記〔25〕に記載の方法。
〔28〕動物によるトウモロコシの飼料価値を増大させる方法であって、前記〔8〕または〔15〕に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含み、前記動物によるトウモロコシの前記飼料価値が、前記動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物と比較して約1%〜約25%だけ増大される、方法。
〔29〕動物の飼料利用の効率を増大させる方法であって、前記〔8〕または〔15〕に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含み、動物の飼料利用の前記効率が、前記動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物と比較して約0.005〜約0.03だけ増大される、方法。
〔30〕前記組み換えα−アミラーゼがその基質以外に標的化される、前記〔5〕または〔12〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
〔31〕前記組み換えα−アミラーゼが、葉緑体、液胞、細胞質、アポプラストおよび小胞体からなる群から選択される細胞小器官に標的化される、前記〔30〕に記載の動物飼料組成物。
Claims (20)
- トランスジェニックトウモロコシ材料を含む、動物の成績を改善するための動物飼料組成物であって、前記トランスジェニックトウモロコシ材料が、トウモロコシペレット、トウモロコシ穀粒、トウモロコシサイレージ、乾燥圧延されたトウモロコシ穀粒、蒸気フレークされたトウモロコシ穀粒、全トウモロコシ穀粒、粗挽きしたトウモロコシ穀粒、もしくは高水分トウモロコシ、またはそれらの任意の組合せを含み、前記トランスジェニックトウモロコシ材料が、組み換えα−アミラーゼを含み、前記組み換えα−アミラーゼが、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも95%の同一性を有するポリペプチドまたは配列番号2および/または配列番号3のヌクレオチド配列と少なくとも95%の同一性を有するヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるポリペプチドを含み、前記動物飼料組成物が、前記組み換えα−アミラーゼを含まない対照動物飼料組成物と比較して、動物の成績を改善することを特徴とする動物飼料組成物。
- 前記トランスジェニックトウモロコシ材料が、前記動物飼料組成物の1質量%〜100質量%を占める、請求項1に記載の動物飼料組成物。
- 前記トランスジェニックトウモロコシ材料が、前記動物飼料組成物の5質量%〜100質量%を占める、請求項1に記載の動物飼料組成物。
- 前記トウモロコシが、トウモロコシ事象3272を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の動物飼料組成物。
- 前記トランスジェニックトウモロコシ材料が、種子である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物。
- 前記動物が、家畜、動物園の動物および/またはコンパニオンアニマルである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物。
- 動物の平均1日体重増加を増大させる方法であって、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含み、前記動物の前記平均1日体重増加が、前記動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物の平均1日体重増加と比較して、0.02kg(0.05ポンド)/日〜4.5kg(10ポンド)/日だけ増大される、方法。
- 動物の成長速度(体重増加)を増大させる方法であって、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含み、前記動物の前記成長速度が、前記動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物の成長速度と比較して、0.02kg(0.05ポンド)/日〜4.5kg(10ポンド)/日だけ増大される、方法。
- 動物の所望の体重を達成するのに必要な日数を減少させる方法であって、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給し、それにより、前記動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物の所望の体重を達成するのに必要な日数に比較して、所望の体重を達成するのに必要な前記日数を減少させる工程を含む、方法。
- 前記動物の所望の体重を達成するのに必要な前記日数が、1日〜20日だけ減少される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 動物による飼料利用の効率を増大させる方法であって、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物の飼料利用の効率に比べて、前記動物による飼料利用の前記効率を増大させるのに有効な量で前記動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含む方法。
- 前記動物による飼料利用の前記効率が、1%〜25%だけ増大される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記動物が、哺乳動物、鳥類、または魚類である、請求項7〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物が、ウシ、ヒツジ、ヤギ、またはブタである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記鳥類が、ニワトリ、シチメンチョウ、ウズラ、またはカモである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 動物の飼料利用の効率を増大させる方法であって、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記動物に供給する工程を含み、前記動物の飼料利用の前記効率が、前記動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物と比較して、0.005〜0.03だけ増大される、方法。
- 前記組み換えα−アミラーゼが、その基質以外に標的化される、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の動物飼料組成物。
- 前記組み換えα−アミラーゼが、葉緑体、液胞、細胞質、アポプラストおよび小胞体からなる群から選択される細胞小器官に標的化される、請求項17に記載の動物飼料組成物。
- 乳畜によって生産される乳の量を増大させる方法であって、請求項1〜6または17〜18のいずれか一項に記載の動物飼料組成物を前記乳畜に供給する工程を含み、前記乳畜によって生産される乳の前記量が、前記動物飼料組成物を供給されない対照動物によって生産される乳の量と比較して、5%〜200%だけ増大される、方法。
- 前記乳畜が、ウシまたはヤギである、請求項19に記載の方法。
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