JP6919912B2 - 腫瘍溶解性hsvベクター - Google Patents
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- JP6919912B2 JP6919912B2 JP2019165005A JP2019165005A JP6919912B2 JP 6919912 B2 JP6919912 B2 JP 6919912B2 JP 2019165005 A JP2019165005 A JP 2019165005A JP 2019165005 A JP2019165005 A JP 2019165005A JP 6919912 B2 JP6919912 B2 JP 6919912B2
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Description
本特許出願は、2013年10月28日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/896,497号(その内容全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)の優先権を主張する。
本発明は、国立衛生研究所により交付された、補助金番号CA119298、CA163205、CA175052、NS040923、及びDK044935における政府の支援によりなされた。本発明においては、政府が一定の権利を有する。
多形性膠芽腫(GBM)は、併用療法の適用・利用が可能にもかかわらず、一様に致死的な疾患である。前臨床試験は、腫瘍溶解性HSV(「oHSV」)ベクターを含む、複製可能なウイルスが、有望な代替治療手段の典型であるが、患者試験における治療の有効性は限られていることを示唆する。ベクターの安全性の達成は、腫瘍細胞における溶菌複製も無効にし得るベクター突然変異の抑制に依存している。
本発明は、ベクターの、腫瘍関連細胞表面受容体への再標的化(retargeting)と、正常な脳では高度に発現するが、腫瘍細胞中には実質的に存在しない、細胞のマイクロRNA(「miR」)によるベクター複製の阻害とを組み合わせることにより、減衰なく、腫瘍に選択的なベクター複製ができるoHSVを提供する。miR応答性エレメントは、インビトロ又は異種脳腫瘍モデルでの、原発性腫瘍細胞における溶解性のベクター複製を妨げることなく、ヌードマウスの脳においてベクターの病原性を抑える。この新しいベクターの設計は、より安全でより効果的なベクタープラットフォームを提供するはずであり、患者の腫瘍への適用のために、更に発展し得る。
本発明は、細胞(がん細胞等)の表面に存在する分子(タンパク質、脂質、又は炭水化物の決定基)に特異的な非HSVリガンド及び1以上のHSV遺伝子座、好ましくは、正常(即ち、非がん性)細胞におけるHSVの複製に必要な、1以上のHSV遺伝子(複数
可)、に挿入された、1以上のマイクロRNA標的配列の、1以上のコピーを含む、組換えoHSVを提供する。本発明は、本発明のoHSVを含むストック及び医薬組成物並びに本発明のoHSVを用いる、腫瘍細胞を殺傷するための方法を更に提供する。
のヌクレオチド)のスペーサーによって分離される。理論に拘束されることは望まないが、より大きな間隔(例、約8ヌクレオチド超)が、安定性の増大をもたらすと考えられている。
る発現カセットは、ガンシクロビルを活性化し得る、(例、HSV前初期プロモーター又は強力な構成的プロモーターに作動可能に連結された)チミジンキナーゼ(tk)、又はリボヌクレオチドレダクターゼの活性を阻害又は減衰させ得る、プリンヌクレオシドホスホリラーゼ(PNP)をコードし得る。特定の実施形態においては、本発明のベクターは、天然の機能的なHSV tk遺伝子も含有し得る。
、ICP34.5、LAT及びICP4の各1コピーを含む内部反復(接合部)領域を欠失している(contains a deletion)。他の実施形態においては、接合部を欠失させる代わりに、接合部領域における遺伝子、特にICP0及び/又はICP47の発現が、それら遺伝子の欠失、そうでなければ、限定的なそれらの突然変異誘発によってサイレンシングされ得る。
力価ストックが、最も好ましい。かかる力価は、例えば、ベクターが標的とする受容体を発現する細胞を用いて確立され得る。
目的:多形性膠芽腫(GBM)は、有効な治療がない、浸潤性の脳腫瘍である。oHSVベクターは、ヒトGBMモデルの治療のために動物において設計されているが、患者の試験においては、有効性は不調と判明した。我々は、ベクターの減衰なく、高度に選択的な腫瘍溶解を実現する新しいoHSV設計の開発を模索してきた。
の阻止と整合して、発症又はウイルス複製の証拠をもたらさなかった。ヌードマウスにおける、EGFRへ再標的化したmiR124感受性HSVによる、ヒト原発性GBMの同所性モデルの治療は、親の、EGFRへ再標的化したウイルスによる治療に匹敵する長期生存(>50%)を実証し、従って、miR−124認識エレメントが、有効性の低下をもたらさなかったことを示す。
GBMは、効果的な治療が見つけにくいままの、最も悪性形態のがんの一つである。手術並びに放射線及び化学療法等の標準的な医療行為では、長期の臨床効果が限られることがわかっている。単純ヘルペスウイルス1型(oHSV−1)由来のものを含む腫瘍溶解性ベクターは、代替治療戦略の候補として、多くの研究室で開発中である(1)。oHSVベクターは、原発性GBMの動物モデルの治療に有望なことが示されているが、良好な安全性プロファイルを提供するのとは別に、初期の臨床試験からの結果は、有効な腫瘍殺傷、又は患者の生存における、一貫性のある改善を示していない(2)(3)。
その結果、ベクターの有効性が損なわれない可能性がある。ベクター産生は、miR−124を欠く細胞中で行われるため、ストック調製の間には、miR−124耐性ウイルス突然変異体を生成する選択圧はない。総合すると、これらの特徴は、ベクターの安全性及び腫瘍選択性をもたらし、様々な腫瘍型に好適な、腫瘍溶解性ベクター設計のための一般的戦略を示唆する。
miR−124応答エレメントの検証。ニューロンにおいて、GBM細胞よりも高レベルで発現する複数のmiRNAのうち、miR−124が最も量が多く、GBMでの発現は最少である(6)。我々は、異なる8ヌクレオチド(nt)のスペーサーによって分離された、成熟miR−124の逆相補配列の、タンデムの4コピーから成るmiR−124応答エレメント(T124)を設計した。この配列の機能性を評価するために、我々は、それをホタルルシフェラーゼ(fLuc)発現プラスミドの3’UTRに挿入し、ほとんど又は全くmiR−124を発現しないと報告されているU2OS骨肉腫細胞に対する共トランスフェクション実験を、特異的(pre−miR−124)又は非特異的(pre−miR−21)miRNA前駆体により行った(9)。正規化のために、ウミシイタケルシフェラーゼ(rLuc)発現プラスミドを含めた。結果(pfLuc−T124、図1)は、モックを共トランスフェクションした細胞又はpre−miR−21を共トランスフェクションした細胞と比較して、pre−miR−124と共トランスフェクションした細胞において、24時間での、fLuc活性の極端な低下を示した。対照的に、miR−21配列の4コピーを逆向きに含有するコントロールのfLucプラスミドをトランスフェクションした細胞(pfLuc−Ctrl、モック)と、pfLuc−Ctrlとpre−miR−21又はpre−miR−124のいずれかとを共トランスフェクションした細胞との間には、fLuc発現にほとんど差が観察されなかった(図1)。これらの結果は、miR−124媒介性の、遺伝子発現の制限のための効率的かつ特異的な標的としての、T124エレメントの機能性を実証する。
BACへ、一連の修飾を導入する(11)ために、大腸菌におけるダブルのRed組換え(double Red recombination)(10)を用いた。産物、KGBAC(図2A)は、ICP47遺伝子のプロモーターと共に、ディプロイド遺伝子ICP0、ICP34.5、LAT及びICP4の各1コピーを含有する内部反復(接合部)領域について欠失させた。この欠失は、欠失させた4遺伝子の残存コピーの操作を容易にし、ウイルスの腫瘍溶解活性を増強する導入遺伝子を組み込むための候補の広大なスペースを提供し、神経毒性因子ICP34.5の発現を低下させることによって、腫瘍特異性を増大させる(12)。ICP47発現の消失は、ウイルス特異的T細胞による、感染がん細胞の免疫認識に効果をもたらす(4)。KGBACは、GFPオープンリーディングフレーム(ORF)(2Aペプチド配列を介して糖タンパク質C(gC)ORFに融合した)も含有し(13)(14)、後期(複製後)のウイルス遺伝子発現のモニタリングを可能にする。最後に、KGBACは、非カノニカルな受容体を介してHSVの侵入を亢進させるために、我々によって示された、gB遺伝子中の1対の突然変異を含有する(15)(16)。我々は、T124配列を、KGBACの残存ICP4遺伝子の3’UTRに組換え、KG4:T124BACを作製した(図2A)。U2OS−Cre細胞のトランスフェクションにより、BACコンストラクトを、両方ウイルス粒子に変換し、同時にloxP部位間に位置するBAC配列を除去した。プラーク精製に続き、KG及びKG4:T124ウイルスのストックを調製し、U2OS細胞に対して力価を測定した。
定した。結果(図2B)は、原発性神経膠芽腫の2株、Gli68及びGBM30、のスフェロイドにおいて、KG4:T124がKGと同様の速度(kinetics)で複製すること、及び該2ウイルスの収率が、各時点で実質的に異ならないことを示した。次いで、我々は、複製及びウイルス収量は、ヒトのmiR−124を発現するレンチウイルス(LV124)によるこれらの株の形質導入に感受性であるか否かを決定した。図2Cは、逆転写した小RNAに対するリアルタイムqPCRにより測定し、内生RNU43レベルに対して標準化した、U2OS、Gli68、及びGli68−LV124細胞中のmiR−124の相対レベルを示す。KGは、Gli68−LV124及びヒトmiR−137の逆相補配列を発現させるレンチウイルスコンストラクト(LV137R)で形質導入したGli68細胞に対して、同等に良好に、同様の力価にまで増殖した(図2D)。対照的に、KG4:T124は、前者に関しては、後者と比べて増殖は乏しく、同様の結果が、LV124で形質導入したGBM30細胞と、LV137Rで形質導入したGBM30細胞との比較で得られた(図2D)。組み合わせると、これらの観察は、(i)ICP4遺伝子中のT124エレメントは、miR−124依存的様式でHSVの複製を制限する手段として有効であり、且つ、(ii)GBMの2株における内生miR−124のレベルは、この効果を最小限にするのに足る低さであることを強く示した。更に、qRT−PCRのデータは、KGに比べ、KG4:T124の増殖及び力価が損なわれないことについて、U2OS細胞が好適であることを確認した。
示さず)。同様に、KG4:T124ウイルス(1.5×1010gc)で正常BALB/cマウスに頭蓋内接種後、3時間又は21日で単離された脳の全DNAのPCR解析及び配列決定解析は、T124領域全体で異常を示さなかった(データは示さず)。これらの結果は、KG4:T124のウイルスの増殖の間又はin vivoで、miR−124非感受性変異体がセレクションされる可能性についての懸念を和らげた。
我々の目標は、完全なウイルス機能を発現するが、GBM−関連受容体を発現する細胞にのみ感染し得、且つ腫瘍中のみで高効率で複製し、正常な脳細胞ではしない腫瘍溶解性HSVベクターを設計することであった。腫瘍選択的感染及び溶解性ウイルスの増殖は、全面的なウイルス侵入再標的化(5)及び正常な脳組織におけるウイルス複製の、細胞性、miRNA媒介性制限との組み合わせに依存した。溶解性感染は、腫瘍表現型、標的受容体及び腫瘍特異的miRNA発現プロファイルの維持に重要な、標的細胞の2つの別個の特性を必要とするので、この、形質導入及び転写後の腫瘍標的化との組み合わせは、非常に安全且つ効果的なoHSVを提供する見込みがある。この一般的戦略は、異なるがんに合わせた標的化及びmiRNAの応答エレメントを用いて、広く適用可能であり、その適用は、同型の個々の腫瘍間で、特定の抗原及びmiRNA発現に差異がある可能性を考慮することによって、パーソナライズ治療に関して最適化し得る。
ecognition sites)を、産物がHSVの溶菌サイクルを開始するために絶対に必要な、ウイルスICP4遺伝子の3’UTRに導入した。我々は、神経膠腫細胞では、T124+ウイルスは、T124を欠くコントロールウイルスと実質的に同程度に、着実に複製し得るのに対し、miR−124のレンチウイルス発現が、その複製を選択的に阻止することを見出した。更に、T124エレメントは、非常に多量の頭蓋内ベクター投与(4.8×109粒子)から、ヌードマウスを完全に保護するのに十分であった。一方、コントロールベクターは、5日以内にすべての動物を死滅させた。これらの動物の脳における全ウイルスゲノムコピー数を決定したところ、T124+ベクター複製の証拠は示されず、むしろ経時ウイルスゲノム含量の漸進的な減少の証拠が示された。T124配列は、ウイルスストック及び感染動物から精製したDNAに対して増幅した、ICP4
3’UTRのサイズ及び配列決定解析で評価された通り、腫瘍のない動物又は我々の腫瘍治療実験からの長期生存動物(long−term survivors)における明白な神経疾患発症の欠如と整合して、安定であった。最後に、我々は、T124エレメントが、ヌードマウス中のヒトGBMモデルにおいて、このウイルスの腫瘍溶解効果を低下させないことを実証するために、再標的化した、マウス細胞に感染し損ねるウイルスを用いた。
候補マーカーへ再標的化したベクターの組み合わせで、より効果的に治療し得ることを期待している。これらベクターの各々も、我々の、EGFRへ再標的化したウイルスと同様に、特定の正常細胞を標的にし得るので、これらの正常細胞では、miRNA媒介性ウイルス複製阻止の重要性が増す。更に、Kambaraら(34)により、oHSV分野において先駆けて開発されたように、極めて重要なウイルス複製機能の発現を制御するために、細胞種特異的又は発生段階特異的プロモーターを使用してさらなる特異性を獲得することが可能であり得る。これらの特徴は、高活性且つ高度に特異的な腫瘍溶解性ベクターのカクテルをもたらし得るが、KGE−4:T124等のベクターは、免疫調節因子、腫瘍細胞の遊走阻害因子又は腫瘍の細胞外マトリクスを分解し、それによって腫瘍内のウイルスの伝播を促進するタンパク質分解酵素をコードする遺伝子等の、治療効果を増進し得る導入遺伝子を収容する十分なスペースを有することは、注目に値する。
細胞培養。U2OS、HEK293T及びHEK293AD細胞は、ATCC(Manassas,VA)からのものであり、5〜10%(v/v)のウシ胎児血清(FBS;Sigma,St.Louis,MO)を添加したATCC推奨培地中、37℃で、5%CO2インキュベーター中で増殖させた。安定的にCreリコンビナーゼ(U2OS−Cre)を発現するU2OS細胞株は、レトロウイルス形質導入(Y.M.及びJ.C.G.、未発表の結果)によって作製された。患者由来のGBM30及びGli68の原発性神経膠腫スフェロイド株は、E.A.Chiocca(Harvard Medical
School,MA)の好意により提供され、10ng/mLの組換えヒト上皮成長因子(rhEGF)及び10ng/mLの組換えヒト塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子(bFGF)(両方Shenandoah Biotechnology,Warwick,PAから)を加えた、2%(v/v)B27 w/o ビタミンA、2mg/mLアムホテリシンB(Lonza,Walkersville,MD)、100μg/mLゲンタマイシン(Lonza)、2mM L−グルタミン(Cellgro,Manassas,VA)を加えたニューロベイサル(Neurobasal)培地(Gibco/Invitrogen/Life Technologies,Carlsbad,CA)中で増殖させた。
列の逆相補配列の、タンデムの4リピートを含有し、一方、pfLuc−Ctrlは、8ntで分離されたhsa−miR−21の逆鎖配列の、タンデムの4リピートを含有する。プラスミドは、両方、pMIR−REPORT(商標)(miRNA Expression Reporter Vector System;Ambion,Austin,TX)中のルシフェラーゼ遺伝子の3’UTRに、アニールした相補的オリゴヌクレオチドを挿入することによって構築した。オリゴヌクレオチドは、T124−F、T124−R、TconF及びTconRであった(表1)。アニールしたオリゴヌクレオチドは、SpeI及びSacIで消化し、SpeI−SacIで消化したpMIR−REPORT(商標)にライゲーションした。
Reagent(Invitrogen)を用いて、U2OS細胞、Gli68細胞及びLV124を感染させたGli68細胞から全RNAを抽出した。RNA試料を、DNase I(Invitrogen)で処理し、NanoDrop 2000c spectrophotometer(Thermo−Fisher,Pittsburgh,PA)を用いて定量し、品質保証のため、MOPS−ホルムアルデヒドゲル上で可視化した。成熟hsa−miR−124のレベルを、TaqMan Small RNA Assays Protocol (Applied Biosystems/Life Technologies,Carlsbad,CA)に従って、RNU43に対して相対
的に決定した。TaqManプライマー及びプローブを、Applied Biosystemsから入手した。全てのTaqMan PCR反応を、トリプリケートで行った。
)用のGraphPad Prism version 6.01を用いて行った。動物生存データは、同じソフトウェアを用いて、カプラン・マイヤープロット(Kaplan−Meier plots)としてグラフ化して、マンテル・コックス ログランク検定(Mantel−Cox log−rank test)により比較した。
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本実施例は、ベクター分布と殺傷活性の増進のための、マトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ9による、腫瘍標的化1型oHSVの強化(arming)について説明する。
細胞株。ヒト神経膠芽腫SNB19、U251、U87(Dr.H Okada,University of Pittsburghの好意により提供)、J/A、J/C、J/EGFR[9]、アフリカミドリザル腎臓ベロ細胞及び7b[15]細胞を、標準的な方法により培養した。
X Reagent(Invitrogen)を用いてトランスフェクションすることにより、BAC DNAを、感染性ウイルスに変換した。ウイルスストックの生物学的力価(PFU/mL)を、ベロ細胞に対して決定した。物理的力価を、下記の通り、ウイルスgD遺伝子についての定量的リアルタイムPCR(qPCR)によって、ゲノムコピー(gc)/mLで決定した。
Biosystems StepOne(商標)及びStepOnePlus(商標)Real−Time PCR Systemsの手引に記載のプロトコルを用いて、完全HSV−1(KOS株)gDのコード配列(pE−gD18)を含有するpENTR1A(Invitrogen)プラスミドからのDNAに対して作成した。プライマー及びプローブ配列:gDフォワード:5’−CCCCGCTGGAACTACTATGACA−3’(配列番号14);gDリバース:5’−GCATCAGGAACCCCAGGTT−3’(配列番号15);プローブ:5’−FAM−TTCAGCGCCGTCAGCGAGGA−TAMRA−3’(配列番号16)を列挙する。
cell survival)を、100%×OD(感染)/OD(非感染)として算
出した。
and the Use of Laboratory Animals)中の要件及び推奨事項(実験動物研究所(Institute for Laboratory Animal Research)、1985年)に従って行った。
MMP9を発現させる、再標的化したmiRにより制御されるベクターのコンストラクト及び特性解析
本研究のためのベクター改変及び設計は、図5Aに図解されており、すべてのウイルス溶解の機能を変化させることを避け、従って正常な脳におけるウイルス増殖を回避しながら、腫瘍細胞において複製及び溶解活性を最大にするよう意図される複数の修飾を含む。
et al.,J.Virol.83:2951−2961(2009))、及びヒトネクチン−1を発現するJ/C細胞(Frampton et al.,J.Virol.,81:10879−889(2007))が挙げられた。HVEM及びネクチン−1は、野生型gDに対する天然の受容体である。ウイルス侵入を、感染後6時間目の、HSVの前初期タンパク質ICP4についての免疫染色によって検出した。図6Aに示す通り、EGFRへ再標的化したウイルスKMMP9及びKGwの、J/EGFR細胞への侵入は、gD:wtを発現する、親のHSV−1ベクターの、J/A細胞又はJ/C細胞への侵入と同程度の効率であった。再標的化したウイルスはいずれも、ウイルスのインプット(10,000gc/細胞)が多くても、J/A又はJ/C細胞への侵入が検出可能ではなかった。このことは、MMP9の発現は、再標的化したベクター感染の効率や特異性に影響を及ぼさないことを実証した。
0.005(100gc/細胞)で感染させ、細胞生存率を、3−(4,5−ジメチルチアゾール−2−イル)−2,5−ジフェニルテトラゾリウムブロミド(MTT)アッセ
イにより、感染後3日目(図7A)及び7日目(図7B)に測定した。KMMP9は、後者の時点で、KGwに比べて、有意に高い2細胞株の殺傷を示し、MMP9がベクター媒介性の腫瘍溶解を増強し得ることを示唆した。
細胞でのMMP−9発現上昇の、腫瘍細胞スフェロイドにおけるHSV伝播に対する影響を評価するために、GBM30及びGBM169細胞を、単一のスフェロイドとして培養し、KMMP9又はKGwウイルスに感染させた(図8A)。5dpiでは、KMMP9は、KGwに比べて、ベクター発現eGFPの分布を増強させることを示した。各スフェロイドにおけるeGFP陽性細胞の定量化は、KMMP9感染スフェロイドにおいて、KGw感染スフェロイドに対する、6dpiでの約1.5倍の増大を実証した(図8B;P=0.006)。
我々は以前、GBM30は、ヌードマウスにおいて、腫瘍細胞接種後20日以内に動物の死に至る、致死性の腫瘍を一貫して確立することを示した[9]。我々は、ヌードマウス[9]における、浸潤性の頭蓋内腫瘍を確立するために、患者由来の、球形成性GBM30細胞を用いた。動物を毎日観察し、罹患の徴候を示した時に安楽死させた。公表された我々の結果と同様に、腫瘍細胞接種後5日目にPBSを同じ定位座標に注入したマウスは、腫瘍細胞移植の数週間以内(中央値18日;図9)に死亡した。対照的に、MMP9を発現するウイルスであるKMMP9、又はコントロールウイルスKGwのいずれかを用いる、腫瘍の治療は、少なくとも35日間、半数の動物を防護し、これら2群についての生存期間中央値は、同等であった(それぞれ29日及び31.5日、P=0.61、ログランク検定)。これらの結果は、MMP9処理された動物の50%が、処理なしの18日と比較して、最大35日生存することを示した(図9)。
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Claims (22)
- (a)がん細胞の表面に存在するタンパク質に特異的である非HSVリガンド、
(b)マイクロRNA(miR)−124の標的配列の4コピーであって、前記コピーのそれぞれが8ヌクレオチドのスペーサーによって分離され、正常な(非がん性)細胞におけるHSV複製に必要なHSV遺伝子の1つ以上の遺伝子座に挿入されたコピー、及び
(c)ICP0遺伝子、ICP34.5遺伝子、LAT遺伝子及びICP4遺伝子の1コピーと、ICP47プロモーターとを含むHSVゲノム中の内部反復(接合部)領域の欠失
を含む、組換え腫瘍溶解性単純ヘルペスウイルス(oHSV)。 - リガンドが、HSVの表面に露出したウイルスエンベロープの糖タンパク質に組み込まれている、請求項1に記載のoHSV。
- ウイルスエンベロープの糖タンパク質が、gD又はgCである、請求項2に記載のoHSV。
- リガンドが、gDの残基1〜25の間に組み込まれている、請求項3に記載のoHSV。
- 非HSVリガンドが、EGFR又はEGFRvIIIに特異的に結合することができる、請求項1に記載のoHSV。
- リガンドが、細胞受容体に結合する一本鎖抗体(scFv)又はペプチドホルモン若しくは非ペプチドホルモン又は成長因子である、請求項1に記載のoHSV。
- 非カノニカルな受容体を介したベクター侵入を促進するHSVのgB又はgH糖タンパク質の変異体を更に含む、請求項1に記載のoHSV。
- miR−124の標的配列がICP4遺伝子の3’非翻訳領域(UTR)に挿入されている、請求項1に記載のoHSV。
- (a)がん細胞の表面に存在するタンパク質に特異的な非HSVリガンドであって、該非HSVリガンドがEGFR又はEGFRvIIIに特異的に結合するscFvであり、且つoHSVのウイルスエンベロープの糖タンパク質の残基1〜25の間に挿入されており、該糖タンパク質がgDである、非HSVリガンド、
(b)マイクロRNA(miR)−124の標的配列の逆相補配列の4コピーであって、前記コピーのそれぞれが8ヌクレオチドのスペーサーによって分離され、oHSVゲノムのICP4の3’ 非翻訳領域(UTR)に挿入されたコピー、及び
(c)ICP0遺伝子、ICP34.5遺伝子、LAT遺伝子及びICP4遺伝子の1コピーと、ICP47プロモーターとを含むHSVゲノム中の内部反復(接合部)領域の欠失
を含む、組換え腫瘍溶解性単純ヘルペスウイルス(oHSV)。 - 導入遺伝子を更に含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のoHSV。
- 導入遺伝子が、腫瘍溶解性因子、がんに対する患者の免疫応答を誘導するタンパク質又はポリペプチド、マトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ、プロドラッグの変換を触媒するタンパク質若しくはポリペプチド、シトシンデアミナーゼ、チミジンキナーゼ、又はプリンヌクレオシドホスホリラーゼ(PNP)から選択されるペプチドをコードする、請求項10に記載のoHSV。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のoHSVをコードする、核酸。
- 細菌人工染色体(BAC)である、請求項12に記載の核酸。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のoHSVベクターを含む、ウイルスストック。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のoHSV及び医薬的に許容可能な担体を含む、組成物。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のoHSVを含む、がん性細胞を殺傷する剤であって、前記oHSVが前記がん性細胞に感染するのに十分な条件下で細胞を曝露することにより、がん性細胞内での前記oHSVの複製が細胞死をもたらす、剤。
- 細胞がインビボのである、請求項16に記載の剤。
- 細胞が腫瘍内にある、請求項16に記載の剤。
- 腫瘍が多形性膠芽腫である、請求項18に記載の剤。
- 腫瘍が動物の脳内にある、請求項18に記載の剤。
- oHSVが、該oHSV、そのストック、又はその組成物を動物に頭蓋内注入することによって細胞に曝露される、請求項20に記載の剤。
- 動物がヒトである、請求項20又は21に記載の剤。
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