JP6857787B2 - イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー、電極活物質及び二次電池 - Google Patents
イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー、電極活物質及び二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6857787B2 JP6857787B2 JP2016040929A JP2016040929A JP6857787B2 JP 6857787 B2 JP6857787 B2 JP 6857787B2 JP 2016040929 A JP2016040929 A JP 2016040929A JP 2016040929 A JP2016040929 A JP 2016040929A JP 6857787 B2 JP6857787 B2 JP 6857787B2
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- ethyl
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- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 154
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 88
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 84
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 79
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 nitroxy Chemical group 0.000 description 708
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000004059 quinone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 0 CC(*C1OC1)(CCCC1)CCC(C(*2=C3CCCCCC2)=O)=C1C3=O Chemical compound CC(*C1OC1)(CCCC1)CCC(C(*2=C3CCCCCC2)=O)=C1C3=O 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 3
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical group OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IQOUOAIZDKROQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C=C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 IQOUOAIZDKROQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chlorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005090 alkenylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005193 alkenylcarbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005196 alkyl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005087 alkynylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003286 aryl halide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Cs+] LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N carbon-10 atom Chemical compound [10C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005708 carbonyloxy group Chemical group [*:2]OC([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000031 ethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[*] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004672 ethylcarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004705 ethylthio group Chemical group C(C)S* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004674 methylcarbonyl group Chemical group CC(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004676 n-butylcarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004708 n-butylthio group Chemical group C(CCC)S* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006610 n-decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001298 n-hexoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004718 n-hexylthio group Chemical group C(CCCCC)S* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006609 n-nonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006608 n-octyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003935 n-pentoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004712 n-pentylthio group Chemical group C(CCCC)S* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003506 n-propoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004888 n-propyl amino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006252 n-propylcarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004706 n-propylthio group Chemical group C(CC)S* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004151 quinonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibanylidynetin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Sn].[Sb] SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006253 t-butylcarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(C(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- XJSRKJAHJGCPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecafluorohexane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F XJSRKJAHJGCPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006079 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006013 1,1-difluoroethoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006033 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004719 1,1-dimethylpropylthio group Chemical group CC(CC)(S*)C 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromoethane Chemical compound BrCCBr PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUOMGDRCUPNBNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloroethane;dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl.ClCCCl CUOMGDRCUPNBNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Description
1.下記式(1)及び/又は(2)で表される繰り返し単位を含むイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー。
2.前記芳香族炭化水素環がベンゼン環であり、前記芳香族複素環がチオフェン環である1のイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー。
3.下記式(1')、(1'')、(2')又は(2'')で表される繰り返し単位を含む2のイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー。
4.更に、下記式(3)で表される繰り返し単位を含む1〜3のいずれかのイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー。
5.更に、下記式(4)又は(4')で表される繰り返し単位を含む1〜4のいずれかのイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー。
6.1〜5のいずれかのイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーからなる電荷貯蔵材料。
7.6の電荷貯蔵材料を含む電極活物質。
8.7の電極活物質、及び溶媒を含む電極スラリー。
9.7の電極活物質を含む薄膜。
10.8の電極スラリーから作製される薄膜。
11.7の電極活物質を含む電極。
12.9又は10の薄膜を含む電極。
13.11又は12の電極を含む二次電池。
14.11又は12の電極を含むリチウムイオン電池。
15.11又は12の電極を含む空気電池。
る。
まず、下記スキームAに示されるように、溶媒中、有機アルミニウム錯体や三フッ化ホウ素エーテル錯体等の重合触媒を用いてエピハロヒドリンを開環重合させて、主鎖となる式(3)で表される繰り返し単位からなるイオン伝導性ポリマーを合成する。
本発明のイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーは、電荷貯蔵材料として好適に使用できる。電荷貯蔵材料とは電荷を貯蔵することができる材料のことであり、これは、例えば、二次電池の電極活物質として有用である。
本発明の二次電池は、前述したイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーからなる電荷貯蔵材料を電極活物質として用いることに特徴があり、その他の電池素子の構成部材は従来公知のものから適宜選択して用いればよい。
二次電池は、一般的に、正極層と、負極層と、正極層と負極層の間に配されるセパレータ層と、これら全てを含む電池素子内部に充填される電解液とから構成される。正極層及び負極層は、集電体である基板上に、電極活物質と、必要に応じて電極層の導電性向上のために炭素等からなる導電助剤と、更に必要に応じて成膜均一性向上、イオン伝導性向上、電解液への溶出抑制等のためにバインダーとを含む薄膜を形成することで構成される。電解液は、イオン伝導の本体である塩からなる電解質と溶媒等とから構成される。
日本電子(株)製、核磁気共鳴装置ECX-500(溶媒CDCl3、内標TMS)
(2)元素分析
Perkin Elmer社製、元素分析装置PE2400 II
(3)CV測定
ビー・エー・エス(株)製 ALSCHI760EW
(4)電池の特性評価
ビー・エー・エス(株)製 ALSCHI760EW
1H-NMR(CDCl3, 500MHz, ppm): 8.11-6.91(br, 3.9H, Ph), 4.32-3.41(br, 5H, aliphatic)
得られた2−ビニルアントラキノン500mg(2.13mmol)、メタクロロ安息香酸551mg(3.20mmol)、1,2−ジブロモエタン20mL及びトリデカフルオロヘキサン20mLをジクロロメタン20mLに溶解した。得られた溶液を室温で48時間反応させた後、分液抽出、カラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製して、2−エポキシアントラキノン331mgを得た。
得られた2−エポキシアントラキノン250mg(1.0mmol)、1,4−ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル20.2mg(0.10mmol)(シグマアルドリッチ社製)及びトリ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボラン5.12mg(0.01mmol)をジクロロメタン10mLに溶解させ、窒素雰囲気下−11℃で24時間反応させた。反応終了後、メタノールによるソックスレー精製を経て、イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーBを得た(60mg)。電気化学測定を行い、得られた充放電容量より、アントラキノン含有単位は51モル%であると算出された。
[実施例3、4]イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーAを用いた薄膜電極のCV測定
図1に示されるビーカーセルを用いて、CV測定を行った。
実施例1で合成したイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーA10mgに、炭素粉末80mg及びNMP1gに溶解させたポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー10mgを加え、ボールミルを用いて混練した。15分程混合して得られた混合体をGC基板上に塗布し、これを室温(20)℃で12時間加熱真空乾燥して薄膜電極11を得た。
次に得られた電極を電解液に浸して、電極中の空隙に電解液を染み込ませた。電解液としては、0.1mol/Lの過塩素酸リチウム(実施例3)又は過塩素酸テトラブチルアンモウム(実施例4)のアセトニトリル溶液を用いた。
上記薄膜電極11を作用極に、白金電極12を対極に、Ag/AgCl電極13を参照極に用い、これらをビーカー内に設置し、この中に前記と同様の電解液14を加えて、図1に示すようなビーカーセル1を作製した。
このビーカーセル1を用いて、スキャンレート10mV/secでCV測定を行った。結果を図2に示す。なお、図2中、実線は実施例3を、点線は実施例4を表す。図2に示すように、イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーAを用いて作製した薄膜電極は、支持塩が過塩素酸テトラブチルアンモウムではE1/2=−0.71、−0.97Vに二段階の酸化還元波が、過塩素酸リチウムではE1/2=−0.53、−0.84Vに酸化還元波が現れ、繰り返し掃引の後も安定であった。
実施例1で合成したイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーAを用い、実施例3の方法によってビーカーセル型の半電池を作製した。
作製した半電池を833μAの定電流で電圧が−1.45Vになるまで充電し、その後、833μAで放電を行った。その結果、電圧が−0.55V付近で44秒間ほぼ一定となった後、急速に低下し、放電容量は100mAh/gとなった。クーロン効率は約90%であった。これにより、イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーAが効果的な電荷貯蔵材料として動作していることを確認した。電圧が0.15Vまで上昇したところで再び充電を行い、更に0.15〜−1.45Vの範囲で充放電を50回繰り返した。充放電量を変化させた場合の基準電極との電位差の測定結果を図3に示す。また、充放電した時のサイクル特性を図4に示す。充放電を50回繰り返した後も充放電容量は70%以上を維持した。
図1で示されるビーカーセルを用いて、CV測定を行った。
実施例1で合成したイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーA10mgに、炭素粉末80mg及びNMPに溶解させたPVdFバインダー10mgを加え、ボールミルを用いて混練した。50Hzで15分混練して得られた混合体をグラッシーカーボン基板上に塗布し、これを60℃で18時間加熱真空乾燥して薄膜電極を得た。
上記薄膜電極を作用極11に、白金電極を対極12に、Ag/AgCl電極を参照極13に用い、これらをビーカー内に設置し、この中に10mol/Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の電解液14を加えて図1に示すようなビーカーセル1を作製した。
このビーカーセル1を用いて、スキャンレート10mV/secでCV測定を行った。結果を図5に示す。図5に示すように、イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーAを用いて作製した薄膜電極は、E1/2=−0.81Vに一段階の酸化還元波が現れ、繰り返し掃引後も安定であった。
実施例1で合成したイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーAを用い、実施例5に記載の方法によってビーカーセル型の半電池を作製した。
作製した半電池を433μAの定電流で電圧が−1.1Vになるまで充電し、その後、433μAで放電を行った。その結果、電圧が−0.82V付近で50秒間ほぼ一定となった後、急速に上昇し、放電容量は102mAh/gとなった。クーロン効率はほぼ100%であった。これにより、イオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーAが電荷貯蔵材料として動作していることを確認した。電圧が−0.5Vまで上昇したところで再び充電を行い、更に0.5〜−1.1Vの範囲で充放電を50回繰り返した。充放電容量を変化させた場合の基準電極との電位差の測定結果を図6に示す。また、充放電した時のサイクル特性を図7に示す。50回充放電を繰り返した後も、充放電容量は95%以上を維持した。
実施例1で合成したイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーA/炭素複合電極を負極、酸素還元触媒電極(Electric Fuel社製、MnOx/Carbon)を正極とし、電解液は10mol/Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を選択し空気二次電池を作製した。
スキャンレート10mV/secでCV測定を行った。E1/2=−0.77V(vs. O2/4OH-)に一段階の酸化還元波が現れ、繰り返し掃引後も安定であった。CV測定の結果を図8に示す。充放電容量を変化させた場合の基準電極との電位差の測定結果を図9に示す。
炭素及びバインダー比率を変更させて実施例7と同様にキノンポリマーAの炭素複合電極を作製し、空気二次電池を作製した。理論容量(120mAh/g)との相対容量値(放電容量)とクーロン効率を表1に示す。電極中におけるキノンポリマーAの比率を50%とし、バインダーを用いずとも理論容量通りの放電容量を示し、ほぼ100%のクーロン効率を示した。キノンポリマーAの比率を67%とした場合も、相対容量値は70%と高い値を示した。
実施例2で合成したイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーB2mg及び多層カーボンナノチューブ(シグマアルドリッチ社製)0.22mgをNMP800μLに加え、超音波処理によって分散させた。得られた分散液をグラッシーカーボン基板上にドロップキャストし、120℃で加熱真空乾燥させ、複合電極を作製した。
得られた複合電極を負極、酸素還元触媒電極(Electric Fuel社製、MnOx/Carbon)を正極、電解液は10mol/Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を選択し、空気二次電池を作製した。
スキャンレート10mV/secでCV測定を行った。CV測定の結果を図10に示す。充放電容量を変化させた場合の基準電極との電位差の測定結果を図11に示す。また、充放電した時のサイクル特性を図12に示す。バインダーを使用せず、電極中のキノンポリマーB比率は90%と高比率であったにもかかわらず、図11から、放電容量は119mAh/gと高容量を示した。クーロン効率は100%であった。図12から、100回充放電を繰り返した後も、充放電容量は80%以上を維持した。
非特許文献6において、ポリエチレンを主鎖とする縮環キノン系材料について、電極内の当該材料比率を40%とすることで、10%のときと比較して容量が大きく低下する事、また充放電サイクルに伴って容量が大きく低下する事が示されているが、本発明のイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーにおいては、そのような課題を克服して高い二次電池特性を示すことがわかった。
11 作用極
12 対極
13 参照極
14 電解液
Claims (12)
- 下記式(1)及び/又は(2)で表される繰り返し単位、並びに式(3)で表される繰り返し単位、下記式(4)で表される繰り返し単位及び(4')で表される繰り返し単位から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含むイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー。
- 式(1)で表される繰り返し単位が、下記式(1')又は(1'')で表される繰り返し単位であり、式(2)で表される繰り返し単位が、下記式(2')又は(2'')で表される繰り返し単位である請求項1記載のイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマー。
- 請求項1又は2記載のイオン伝導性縮環キノンポリマーからなる電荷貯蔵材料。
- 請求項3記載の電荷貯蔵材料を含む電極活物質。
- 請求項4記載の電極活物質、及び溶媒を含む電極スラリー。
- 請求項4記載の電極活物質を含む薄膜。
- 請求項5記載の電極スラリーから作製される薄膜。
- 請求項4記載の電極活物質を含む電極。
- 請求項6又は7記載の薄膜を含む電極。
- 請求項8又は9記載の電極を含む二次電池。
- 請求項8又は9記載の電極を含むリチウムイオン電池。
- 請求項8又は9記載の電極を含む空気電池。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/064,789 US9871253B2 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2016-03-09 | Ion-conductive fused-ring quinone polymer, electrode active material and secondary battery |
KR1020160028233A KR102547680B1 (ko) | 2015-09-11 | 2016-03-09 | 이온 전도성 축환 퀴논 폴리머, 전극 활물질 및 이차전지 |
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