JP6825757B1 - エポキシ樹脂組成物、硬化物、繊維強化複合材料、プリプレグ及びトウプリプレグ - Google Patents
エポキシ樹脂組成物、硬化物、繊維強化複合材料、プリプレグ及びトウプリプレグ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6825757B1 JP6825757B1 JP2020554919A JP2020554919A JP6825757B1 JP 6825757 B1 JP6825757 B1 JP 6825757B1 JP 2020554919 A JP2020554919 A JP 2020554919A JP 2020554919 A JP2020554919 A JP 2020554919A JP 6825757 B1 JP6825757 B1 JP 6825757B1
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FOZHTJJTSSSURD-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O FOZHTJJTSSSURD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;diborate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZRXQXJGIQEYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O PZRXQXJGIQEYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium dihydride Chemical compound [ZrH2] QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000568 zirconium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明の硬化物は、前記エポキシ樹脂組成物を硬化反応させて得られるものである。前記硬化物を得る方法としては、一般的な硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化方法に準拠すればよく、例えば、加熱温度条件は、組み合わせる硬化剤の種類や用途等によって、適宜選択すればよい。例えば、前記エポキシ樹脂組成物を、室温〜250℃程度の温度範囲で加熱する方法が挙げられる。成形方法なども硬化性樹脂組成物の一般的な方法が用いることが可能であり、特に本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物に特有の条件は不要である。
本発明の繊維強化複合材料とは、前記エポキシ樹脂組成物を強化繊維に含浸させた後の硬化前の状態の材料のことである。ここで、強化繊維は、有撚糸、解撚糸、または無撚糸などいずれでも良いが、解撚糸や無撚糸が、繊維強化複合材料において優れた成形性を有することから、好ましい。さらに、強化繊維の形態は、繊維方向が一方向に引き揃えたものや、織物が使用できる。織物では、平織り、朱子織りなどから、使用する部位や用途に応じて自由に選択することができる。具体的には、機械強度や耐久性に優れることから、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、ボロン繊維、アルミナ繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維などが挙げられ、これらは単独で用いることも2種以上を併用することもできる。これらの中でもとりわけ成形品の強度が良好なものとなる点から炭素繊維が好ましく、かかる、炭素繊維は、ポリアクリロニトリル系、ピッチ系、レーヨン系などの各種のものが使用できる。
本発明のプリプレグとしては、例えば、連続した炭素繊維を一方向に並べシート状にしたもの、炭素繊維織物などの炭素繊維から成る基材にエポキシ樹脂組成物を含浸させたもの、炭素繊維基材の少なくとも片方の表面に、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物からなる樹脂層を配置したもの、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物の一部を含浸させ、残りの部分を少なくとも片方の表面に配置したもの等が挙げられる。
本発明のトウプリプレグとしては、例えば、数千〜数万本の強化繊維のフィラメントが一方向に配列した強化繊維束に、マトリックス樹脂組成物を含浸させた後、これを紙管等のボビンに巻き取ることにより得られる細幅の中間基材が挙げられる。
表1に示す配合に従って各成分を配合し、均一に撹拌混合して、エポキシ樹脂組成物(1)〜(10)を得た。
表1に示す配合に従って各成分を配合し、均一に撹拌混合して、エポキシ樹脂組成物(C1)〜(C6)を得た。
各実施例及び比較例で得られたエポキシ樹脂組成物を、幅80mm、長さ180mm、厚さ4mmの型枠内に流し込み、110℃4時間熱硬化させて硬化物を得た。機械強度の評価は、引張り強度、引張り弾性率及び伸び率、並びに破壊靱性値(K1c)の測定により行った。
JIS K 7161(2014)に準拠して、硬化物の引張り強度、引張り弾性率及び伸び率を測定した。
ASTM D5045に準拠して、硬化物の破壊靱性値(K1c)を測定した。
各実施例及び比較例で得られたエポキシ樹脂組成物を、幅90mm、長さ110mm、厚さ2mmの型枠内に流し込み、110℃4時間熱硬化させて硬化物を得た。得られた硬化物をダイヤモンドカッターで幅5mm、長さ55mmに切り出し、これを試験片とした。次に、エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製「DMS6100」を用いて以下の条件による両持ち曲げによる動的粘弾性を測定し、tanδが最大値となる温度をガラス転移温度(Tg)として評価した。
吸湿率の測定により低吸水性を評価した。吸湿率の測定は耐熱性の評価方法と同様に試験片を作成し、プレッシャークッカー試験機を用いて、110℃、100%RHの条件で試験片を70時間保持したのち、試験前後の重量変化率によって求めた。
「A−1」:1,4−ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル(坂本薬品工業株式会社製「SR−14BL」、エポキシ当量;110g/当量、25℃における粘度;12mPa・s、加水分解性塩素含有量;80ppm)
攪拌機、滴下ロート、冷却管、窒素導入管及び温度計を備えたフラスコに30℃に加熱した1,4−ブタンジオール135.0質量部、四塩化錫4.4質量部を仕込み、80℃まで昇温した。次いでエピクロルヒドリン305.3質量部(ジオールの水酸基1個当たり1.1当量)を滴下した。80〜85℃に保ちながら1時間攪拌を行った後、45℃まで冷却した。22%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液654.6質量部を加え、45℃に加熱して3時間攪拌した。室温まで冷却して水相を分離除去し、減圧下加熱して未反応のエピクロルヒドリン、水を除去し、GPC法によるジグリシジルエーテル体純度(n=0)が39%、エポキシ当量;138g/当量、25℃における粘度;16mPa・s、加水分解性塩素含有量1800ppmの1,4−ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル218.2質量部(収率72%)を得た。
「B−1」:ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製「EPICLON 840−S」、エポキシ当量;184g/当量、平均官能基数;2.0)
「MX−154」:コアシェル型ゴム粒子(40%)/ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(60%)(株式会社カネカ製「カネエース MX−154」)
「DICY7」:ジシアンジアミド(三菱ケミカル株式会社製「DICY7」)
「DCMU」:3−(3,4−ジクロロフェニル)−1,1−ジメチル尿素(DIC株式会社製「EPICLON B−605−IM」)を示す。
Claims (15)
- 25℃における粘度が1000mPa・s以下であり、ネオペンチルグリコールジグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、1,4−ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、及び1,6−ヘキサンジオールジグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂からなる群から選択される1種類以上であるエポキシ樹脂(A)と、
前記エポキシ樹脂(A)以外のエポキシ基を少なくとも2つ有するエポキシ樹脂(B)と、
コアシェル型ゴム粒子(C)と、
アミン硬化剤(D)と、
を含有するエポキシ樹脂組成物であって、
前記エポキシ樹脂(A)の含有量が、前記エポキシ樹脂(A)、前記エポキシ樹脂(B)、前記コアシェル型ゴム粒子(C)及び前記アミン硬化剤(D)の合計質量中0.5〜15質量%の範囲であり、
前記コアシェル型ゴム粒子(C)の含有量が、前記エポキシ樹脂(A)、前記エポキシ樹脂(B)、前記コアシェル型ゴム粒子(C)及び前記アミン硬化剤(D)の合計質量中1〜10質量%の範囲であることを特徴とするエポキシ樹脂組成物。 - 前記エポキシ樹脂(B)が、ビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂、CTBN変性エポキシ樹脂、ナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂、オキサゾリドン型エポキシ樹脂、及びトリフェノールメタン型エポキシ樹脂からなる群より選ばれる1種以上のエポキシ樹脂を含有するものである請求項1記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂(A)と前記エポキシ樹脂(B)との質量割合[(A)/(B)]が、0.01〜0.3の範囲である請求項1又は2記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂(B)が、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂を必須成分とし、前記ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂の平均官能基数が2.3〜3.6の範囲である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記コアシェル型ゴム粒子(C)の体積平均粒子径が50〜500nmである請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂(A)中の加水分解性塩素含有量が、30〜1500ppmの範囲である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記アミン硬化剤(D)の活性水素当量比が、前記エポキシ樹脂(A)及び前記エポキシ樹脂(B)の合計エポキシ当量に対して、0.25〜0.7の範囲である請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記アミン硬化剤(D)が、ジシアンジアミドであり、前記エポキシ樹脂組成物が、さらに、硬化促進剤として、ウレア化合物を含有するものである請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 破壊靱性が1.3以上であり、ガラス転移温度が120℃以上であり、引張り弾性率が2GPa以上である請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物が、繊維強化複合材料用であることを特徴とする繊維強化複合材料用エポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物が、トウプリプレグ用であることを特徴とするトウプリレグ用エポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化反応物であることを特徴とする硬化物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物と、強化繊維とを含有することを特徴とする繊維強化複合材料。
- 請求項13記載の繊維強化複合材料からなることを特徴とするプリプレグ。
- 請求項13記載の繊維強化複合材料からなることを特徴とするトウプリプレグ。
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