CN113874441A - 环氧树脂组合物、固化物、纤维增强复合材料、预浸料及丝束预浸料 - Google Patents
环氧树脂组合物、固化物、纤维增强复合材料、预浸料及丝束预浸料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113874441A CN113874441A CN202080037921.9A CN202080037921A CN113874441A CN 113874441 A CN113874441 A CN 113874441A CN 202080037921 A CN202080037921 A CN 202080037921A CN 113874441 A CN113874441 A CN 113874441A
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- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种环氧树脂组合物,其特征在于,含有:25℃时的粘度为1000mPa·s以下的环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(A)以外的具有至少2个环氧基的环氧树脂(B)、核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和胺固化剂(D),上述环氧树脂(A)的含量在上述(A)、(B)、(C)和(D)的合计质量中为0.5~15质量%的范围,上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)的含量在上述(A)、(B)、(C)和(D)的合计质量中为1~10质量%的范围。该环氧树脂组合物为低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性、机械特性和低吸水性的固化物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性、机械特性和低吸水性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物、固化物、纤维增强复合材料、预浸料及丝束预浸料。
背景技术
近年来,利用增强纤维进行了增强的纤维增强树脂成形品的轻量且机械强度优异这样的特征备受关注,在以汽车、航空器、船舶等的壳体或各种构件为代表,在各种结构体用途中的利用正在扩大。上述纤维增强树脂成形品可以是通过长丝缠绕法、冲压成形法、手糊法、拉挤成型法、RTM法等成形方法将纤维增强复合材料成形而制造的。
上述纤维增强复合材料是使树脂浸渗于增强纤维而成的。对于上述纤维增强复合材料中使用的树脂,要求常温下的稳定性、固化物的耐久性、强度等,因此,通常使用不饱和聚酯树脂、乙烯基酯树脂、环氧树脂等热固性树脂。其中,环氧树脂由于具有高的强度和弹性模量、以及优异的耐热性,所以作为纤维增强复合材料用树脂,在各种用途中正在推进实用化。
作为上述纤维增强复合材料用的环氧树脂组合物,如上所述,由于使树脂浸渗于增强纤维中来使用,所以被要求低粘度。另外,作为纤维增强树脂成形品,在用于汽车等中的发动机周围的结构部件、电线芯材的情况下,为了使纤维增强树脂成形品能够长期耐受严酷的使用环境,要求固化物的耐热性、机械强度优异的树脂。
作为上述环氧树脂组合物,广泛已知有例如含有双酚型环氧树脂、酸酐和咪唑化合物的环氧树脂组合物(例如,参照专利文献1。)。另外,还已知有将二元酚的缩水甘油醚与缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂并用并与固化剂组合而成的环氧树脂组合物(例如,参照专利文献2。)。但是,上述专利文献1和2中提供的环氧树脂组合物虽然对增强纤维的浸渗性高,固化物的耐热性、机械强度也表现出一定的性能,但不能满足今后越来越高的要求性能。
因此,要求低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有更优异的耐热性和机械特性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2010-163573号公报
专利文献2:国际公开第2016/148175号
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
因此,本发明要解决的课题在于提供低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性、机械特性和低吸水性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物、固化物、纤维增强复合材料、预浸料和丝束预浸料。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明人等为了解决上述课题而进行了深入研究,结果发现,通过使用含有具有特定粘度的环氧树脂、具有至少2个环氧基的环氧树脂、特定量的核壳型橡胶粒子和胺固化剂的环氧树脂组合物,能够解决上述课题,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明涉及一种环氧树脂组合物、上述环氧树脂组合物的固化物、使用了上述环氧树脂组合物的纤维增强复合材料、预浸料和丝束预浸料,所述环氧树脂组合物的特征在于,含有25℃时的粘度为1000mPa·s以下的环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(A)以外的具有至少2个环氧基的环氧树脂(B)、核壳型橡胶粒子(C)、以及胺固化剂(D),上述环氧树脂(A)的含量在上述环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(B)、上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和上述胺固化剂(D)的合计质量中为0.5~15质量%的范围,上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)的含量在上述环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(B)、上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和上述胺固化剂(D)的合计质量中为1~10质量%的范围。
发明的效果
本发明的环氧树脂组合物为低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,另外,所得到的固化物具有优异的耐热性、机械特性和低吸水性,因此能够适合用于纤维增强复合材料、预浸料、丝束预浸料等。需要说明的是,本发明所说的“优异的机械特性”是指高强度、高弹性模量、高断裂韧性。
具体实施方式
本发明的环氧树脂组合物含有25℃时的粘度为1000mPa·s以下的环氧树脂(A)(以下,简记为“环氧树脂(A)”。)、上述环氧树脂(A)以外的具有至少2个环氧基的环氧树脂(B)(以下,简记为“环氧树脂(B)”。)、核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和胺固化剂(D)。
作为上述环氧树脂(A),使用25℃时的粘度为1000mPa·s以下的环氧树脂。需要说明的是,本发明中的粘度是使用E型粘度计测定的值。
作为上述环氧树脂(A),例如可举出缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂、脂环式环氧树脂等。这些环氧树脂可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为上述缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂,例如可举出甘油缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、丁基缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、苯基缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、(聚)乙二醇二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、(聚)丙二醇二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、1,6-己二醇二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、三羟甲基丙烷聚缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、二甘油聚缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、烯丙基缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、2-乙基己基缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、苯酚五乙二醇缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、对(叔丁基)苯基缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、十二烷基缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、十三烷基缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂等。这些缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为上述缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂,例如可举出六氢邻苯二甲酸酐二缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐二缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂、叔脂肪酸单缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂、邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂、二聚酸缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂等。这些缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为上述缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂,例如可举出间(缩水甘油氧基苯基)二缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂、N,N-二缩水甘油基氨基苯型环氧树脂、邻(N,N-二缩水甘油基氨基)甲苯型环氧树脂等。作为这些缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂,可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为上述脂环式环氧树脂,例如可举出脂环式二环氧己二酸酯型环氧树脂、3,4-环氧环己基甲基羧酸酯型环氧树脂、乙烯基环己烯二氧化物型环氧树脂、氢化双酚A二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂等。
这些环氧树脂(A)可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。另外,其中,从可以得到低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性和机械特性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物的方面出发,优选具有碳原子数2~6的链状脂肪族结构的环氧树脂。另外,水解性氯含量优选为30~1500ppm的范围,更优选为30~500ppm的范围。需要说明的是,在本发明中,水解性氯含量是如下得到的值:将环氧树脂溶解于二氧六环中,添加0.1摩尔/L-氢氧化钾的乙醇溶液,在100℃的热水浴中进行15分钟回流反应,在乙酸酸性下用0.01N-硝酸银溶液通过电位差滴定装置测定游离的卤素量,将其除以试样重量而得到的值。
从可以得到低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性和机械特性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物的方面出发,上述环氧树脂(A)的含量在上述环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(B)、上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和上述胺固化剂(D)的合计质量中为0.5~15质量%的范围,优选为1.0~8.0质量%的范围。
作为上述环氧树脂(B),只要具有至少2个环氧基即可,可以为任意树脂,例如可举出双酚型环氧树脂、酚醛型环氧树脂、二环戊二烯型环氧树脂、橡胶改性环氧树脂、萘型环氧树脂、噁唑烷酮型环氧树脂、三酚基甲烷型环氧树脂、四苯基乙烷型环氧树脂、脂肪族环氧树脂、联苯型环氧树脂、苯酚芳烷基型环氧树脂、含磷原子的环氧树脂等。这些环氧树脂可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为上述双酚型环氧树脂,例如可举出双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂、双酚S型环氧树脂等。
作为上述联苯型环氧树脂,例如可举出四甲基联苯型环氧树脂等。
作为上述酚醛型环氧树脂,例如可举出苯酚酚醛型环氧树脂、甲酚酚醛型环氧树脂、双酚A酚醛型环氧树脂、酚类与具有酚性羟基的芳香族醛的缩合物的环氧化物、联苯酚醛型环氧树脂等。
作为上述三苯基甲烷型环氧树脂,例如可举出具有下述结构式(1)所示的结构部位作为重复结构单元的树脂。
[化学式1]
[式中,R1、R2各自独立地为氢原子或经由带有*标记的次甲基与结构式(1)所示的结构部位连结的键合点中的任意者。n为1以上的整数。]
作为上述脂肪族环氧树脂,可举出各种脂肪族多元醇化合物的缩水甘油醚化物。脂肪族环氧树脂可以单独使用一种,也可以并用两种以上。上述脂肪族多元醇化合物例如可举出乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2-甲基丙二醇、1,2,2-三甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2,2-二甲基-3-异丙基-1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、3-甲基-1,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,4-双(羟基甲基)环己烷、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇等脂肪族二醇化合物;三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、己三醇、季戊四醇、双三羟甲基丙烷、二季戊四醇等3官能以上的脂肪族多元醇化合物等。
作为上述分子结构中具有萘骨架的环氧树脂,例如可举出萘酚酚醛型环氧树脂、萘酚芳烷基型环氧树脂、萘酚-苯酚共缩酚醛型环氧树脂、萘酚-甲酚共缩酚醛型环氧树脂、二缩水甘油氧基萘、1,1-双(2,7-二缩水甘油氧基-1-萘基)烷烃等。
作为上述具有噁唑烷酮环的环氧树脂,只要是在分子中具有噁唑烷酮环结构,则其具体结构、制造方法等没有特别限定,可以使用各种环氧树脂。例如,可举出以作为各种含酚性羟基的化合物的聚缩水甘油醚化物的环氧树脂和多异氰酸酯化合物作为必须的反应原料的反应产物。作为上述含酚性羟基的化合物,例如可举出双酚、氢化双酚、联苯酚、氢化联苯酚、聚苯醚型二醇、聚萘醚型二醇、苯酚酚醛脂、甲酚酚醛树脂、双酚酚醛型树脂、萘酚酚醛型树脂、苯酚芳烷基型树脂、萘酚芳烷基型树脂、含环结构的酚醛树脂等。
作为上述多异氰酸酯化合物,例如可举出丁烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯等脂肪族多异氰酸酯化合物;降冰片烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、氢化苯二异氰酸酯、氢化二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯等脂环式多异氰酸酯化合物;甲苯二异氰酸酯、苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二异氰酸根合-3,3’-二甲基联苯、邻联甲苯胺二异氰酸酯等芳香族多异氰酸酯化合物;具有下述结构式(1)所示的重复结构的多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯;这些异氰脲酸酯改性体、缩二脲改性体、脲基甲酸酯改性体等。另外,这些多异氰酸酯化合物可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
[化学式2]
[式中,R3各自独立地为氢原子、碳原子数1~6的烃基中的任一者。R4各自独立地为碳原子数1~4的烷基、或经由带有*标记的亚甲基与结构式(2)所示的结构部位连结的键合点中的任意者。m为0或1~3的整数,l为1以上的整数。]
作为上述橡胶改性环氧树脂,例如可举出聚丁二烯橡胶改性环氧树脂、CTBN(丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚橡胶)改性环氧树脂、含异戊二烯骨架的环氧树脂、含缩水甘油基的丙烯酸系树脂等。
其中,从可以得到能够形成具有优异的耐热性和机械特性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物的方面出发,优选双酚型环氧树脂、酚醛型环氧树脂、二环戊二烯型环氧树脂、CTBN改性环氧树脂、萘型环氧树脂、噁唑烷酮型环氧树脂、三酚基甲烷型环氧树脂,更优选平均官能团数为2.3~3.6的范围的二环戊二烯型环氧树脂。
上述环氧树脂(B)的含量在上述环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(B)、上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和上述胺固化剂(D)的合计质量中优选为25~90质量%的范围,更优选为50~90质量%的范围。
另外,从可以得到能够形成具有优异的耐热性、机械特性和低吸水性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物的方面出发,上述环氧树脂(A)与上述环氧树脂(B)的质量比例[(A)/(B)]优选为0.01~0.3的范围,更优选为0.01~0.1的范围。
上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)是指,通过在以经交联的橡胶状聚合物为主成分的粒子状核成分的表面上接枝聚合与上述核成分不同的聚合物,从而用壳成分被覆粒子状核成分表面的一部分或全部而得到的橡胶粒子。
作为上述核成分,例如可举出交联橡胶粒子。作为上述交联橡胶粒子,橡胶的种类没有限制,例如可举出丁二烯橡胶、丙烯酸系橡胶、硅酮橡胶、丁基橡胶、丁腈橡胶、苯乙烯橡胶、合成天然橡胶、乙丙橡胶等。
作为上述壳成分,例如可举出选自丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯和芳香族乙烯基化合物中的1种或多种单体聚合而得到的聚合物等。需要说明的是,上述壳成分优选与上述核成分进行接枝聚合,与构成上述核成分的聚合物进行化学键合。需要说明的是,在使用由苯乙烯与丁二烯的聚合物构成的交联橡胶状聚合物作为上述核成分的情况下,作为壳成分,优选使用作为甲基丙烯酸酯的甲基丙烯酸甲酯与作为芳香族乙烯基化合物的苯乙烯的聚合物。
作为上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)的市售品,例如可举出由丁二烯-甲基丙烯酸烷基酯-苯乙烯共聚物形成的“Paraloid(注册商标)”EXL-2655(吴羽化学工业株式会社制)、由丙烯酸酯-甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物形成的“STAPHYLOID(注册商标)”AC-3355、TR-2122(武田药品工业株式会社制)、由丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物形成的“PARALOID(注册商标)”EXL-2611、EXL-3387(Rohm&Haas公司制)、“Kaneace(注册商标)”MX系列(株式会社Kaneka制)等。
从可以得到低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性和机械特性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物的方面出发,上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)的含量在上述环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(B)、上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和上述胺固化剂(D)的合计质量中为1~10质量%的范围,优选为3~10质量%的范围。
另外,对于上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)的体积平均粒径,从可以得到低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性和机械特性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物的方面出发,优选为50~500nm的范围,更优选为50~300nm的范围。
作为上述胺固化剂(D),例如可举出乙二胺、1,2-二氨基丙烷、1,3-二氨基丙烷、1,4-二氨基丁烷、1,5-二氨基戊烷、二亚乙基三胺、二亚丙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、三亚丙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺、六亚甲基二胺、亚氨基双丙胺、双(六亚甲基)三胺、1,3,6-三氨基甲基己烷、三甲基六亚甲基二胺、聚醚二胺、二乙氨基丙胺、聚乙烯亚胺的二聚酸酯、双氰胺、四甲基胍、己二酸酰肼、薄荷烯二胺、1,4-环己二胺、异佛尔酮二胺、双(氨基甲基)降冰片烷、双(4-氨基环己基)甲烷、N-氨基乙基哌嗪、二氨基二环己基甲烷、双氨基甲基环己烷、3,9-双(3-氨基丙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺(5.5)十一烷、降冰片烯二胺、4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4’-二氨基二苯基砜、3,3’-二氨基二苯基砜、间苯二胺、间苯二甲胺、二乙基甲苯二胺、二氨基二乙基二苯基甲烷等分子中具有伯胺的胺化合物;1,2-丙二胺、1,3-丁二胺等链状式多胺化合物、N-甲基哌嗪、吗啉、哌啶、N-甲基苯胺、N-乙基苯胺、N-乙基甲苯胺、二苯胺、羟基苯基甘氨酸、N-甲基氨基苯酚硫酸酯等分子中具有仲胺的胺化合物等。这些胺固化剂可以单独使用、也可以组合使用2种以上。其中,从适用期(Pot life)、耐热性、机械强度的理由出发,优选双氰胺。
另外,从可以得到低粘度且对纤维具有良好的浸渗性,并且能够形成具有优异的耐热性、机械特性和低吸水性的固化物的环氧树脂组合物的方面出发,上述胺固化剂(D)的活性氢当量比相对于上述环氧树脂(A)和上述环氧树脂(B)的合计环氧当量优选为0.25~0.7的范围。
作为本发明的环氧树脂组合物的制造方法,没有特别限制,可以通过任意方法制造。例如,可以将上述环氧树脂(A)、上述环氧树脂(B)、上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)和上述胺固化剂(D)一次性混炼而制备,也可以预先制备在上述环氧树脂(A)和上述环氧树脂(B)中适当分散有上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)、上述胺固化剂(D)、其他添加物的母料,使用该母料进行制备。其中,为了使上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)均匀地分散于上述环氧树脂(A)和上述环氧树脂(B)中,优选通过预先制作上述核壳型橡胶粒子(C)浓度高的母料,然后在其中追加其他成分的方法来制备。另外,在因混炼所致的剪切发热等而引起体系内的温度上升的情况下,优选进行混炼速度的调整、混炼釜的水冷等在混炼中不使温度上升的措施。
在上述混炼中,优选使用混炼装置,作为上述混炼装置,例如可举出擂溃机(日文原文:らいかい機)、磨碎机、行星式混合机、溶解器、三辊机、捏合机、万能搅拌机、均化器、均质分配器、球磨机、珠磨机、挤出机、加热辊、捏合机、辊式混合机、班伯里密炼机等。另外,这些混炼装置可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
另外,本发明的环氧树脂组合物可以在不阻碍本发明的效果的范围内含有除了环氧树脂(A)和环氧树脂(B)以外的其他树脂、固化促进剂、阻燃剂/阻燃助剂、填充剂、添加剂等。
作为上述其他树脂,例如可举出聚碳酸酯树脂、聚苯醚树脂、上述以外的固化性树脂、热塑性树脂等。
作为上述聚碳酸酯树脂,例如可举出2元或2官能型的苯酚与卤代羰基的缩聚物、或者使2元或2官能型的苯酚与碳酸二酯通过酯交换法聚合而得到的聚碳酸酯树脂。
在此,作为聚碳酸酯树脂的原料的2元或2官能型的苯酚,例如可举出4,4’-二羟基联苯、双(4-羟基苯基)甲烷、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)乙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(3-甲基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(3,5-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)环己烷、双(4-羟基苯基)醚、双(4-羟基苯基)硫醚、双(4-羟基苯基)砜、双(4-羟基苯基)亚砜、双(4-羟基苯基)酮、对苯二酚、间苯二酚、邻苯二酚等。这些二元酚中,优选双(羟基苯基)烷烃类,进一步特别优选以2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷为主原料的物质。
另一方面,作为与2元或2官能型的苯酚反应的卤代羰基或碳酸二酯,例如可举出碳酰氯;二元酚的二卤代甲酸酯、碳酸二苯酯、碳酸二甲苯酯、碳酸双(氯苯基)酯、碳酸间甲苯酯等碳酸二芳基酯;碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸二异丙酯、碳酸二丁酯、碳酸二戊酯、碳酸二辛酯等脂肪族碳酸酯化合物等。
另外,上述聚碳酸酯树脂除了其聚合物链的分子结构为直链结构以外,还可以在其中具有支链结构。上述支链结构可以通过使用1,1,1-三(4-羟基苯基)乙烷、α,α’,α”-三(4-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三异丙基苯、间苯三酚、偏苯三酸、靛红双(邻甲酚)等作为原料成分而导入。
作为上述聚苯醚树脂,例如可举出聚(2,6-二甲基-1,4-亚苯基)醚、聚(2-甲基-6-乙基-14-亚苯基)醚、聚(2,6-二乙基-1,4-亚苯基)醚、聚(2-乙基-6-正丙基-1,4-亚苯基)醚、聚(2,6-二正丙基-1,4-亚苯基)醚、聚(2-甲基-6-正丁基-1,4-亚苯基)醚、聚(2-乙基-6-异丙基-1,4-亚苯基)醚、聚(2-甲基-6-羟乙基-1,4-亚苯基)醚等。其中,优选聚(2,6-二甲基-1,4-亚苯基)醚。
另外,作为上述聚苯醚树脂,可以包含2-(二烷基氨基甲基)-6-甲基亚苯基醚单元、2-(N-烷基-N-苯基氨基甲基)-6-甲基亚苯基醚单元等作为部分结构的聚苯醚树脂。
此外,对于上述聚苯醚树脂,也可以在不损害本发明目的范围内使用以接枝反应、共聚等方法在其树脂结构中导入了羧基、环氧基、氨基、巯基、甲硅烷基、羟基、二羧基酐等反应性官能团而得到的改性聚苯醚树脂。
作为上述以外的固化性树脂、热塑性树脂等,虽然没有任何规定,但如果举出一个例子,则可举出聚丙烯系树脂、聚乙烯系树脂、聚苯乙烯系树脂、间规聚苯乙烯系树脂、ABS系树脂、AS系树脂、生物降解性树脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯等聚亚烷基芳酯系树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂、乙烯基酯树脂、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯树脂、氰酸酯树脂、二甲苯树脂、三嗪树脂、脲醛树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、苯并胍胺树脂、氨基甲酸酯树脂、氧杂环丁烷树脂、酮树脂、醇酸树脂、呋喃树脂、苯乙烯基吡啶树脂、硅树脂、合成橡胶等。这些树脂可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为上述固化促进剂,例如可举出3-苯基-1,1-二甲基脲、3-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1,1-二甲基脲(DCMU)、3-(3-氯-4-甲基苯基)-1,1-二甲基脲、2,4-双(3,3-二甲基脲基)甲苯、1,1’-4(甲基-间亚苯基)双(3,3-二甲基脲)、4,4’-亚甲基双(苯基二甲基脲)等脲化合物、咪唑衍生物、磷系化合物、叔胺、有机酸金属盐、路易斯酸、胺络盐等。作为上述胺固化剂(D),在使用双氰胺的情况下,作为固化促进剂,优选使用脲化合物。
作为上述阻燃剂/阻燃助剂,例如可举出非卤素系阻燃剂等。
作为上述非卤素系阻燃剂,例如可举出磷系阻燃剂、氮系阻燃剂、硅酮系阻燃剂、无机系阻燃剂、有机金属盐系阻燃剂等。这些阻燃剂可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为上述磷系阻燃剂,无机磷系阻燃剂、有机磷系阻燃剂均可以使用。作为上述无机磷系阻燃剂,例如可举出红磷、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵、磷酸三铵、多磷酸铵等磷酸铵类、磷酸酰胺等无机系含氮磷化合物。
出于防止水解等目的,上述红磷优选实施表面处理。作为上述表面处理的方法,例如可举出(i)用氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、氢氧化锌、氢氧化钛、氧化铋、氢氧化铋、硝酸铋或它们的混合物等无机化合物进行被覆处理的方法;(ii)用氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、氢氧化锌、氢氧化钛等无机化合物、以及酚醛树脂等热固性树脂的混合物进行被覆处理的方法;(iii)在氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、氢氧化锌、氢氧化钛等无机化合物的被膜上用酚醛树脂等热固性树脂进行双重的被覆处理的方法等。
作为上述有机磷系阻燃剂,例如可举出磷酸酯化合物、膦酸化合物、次膦酸化合物、氧化膦化合物、正膦化合物、有机系含氮磷化合物等通用有机磷系化合物、以及9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物、10-(2,5-二氢氧苯基)-10H-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物、10-(2,7-二氢氧萘基)-10H-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物等环状有机磷化合物等。
另外,在使用上述磷系阻燃剂的情况下,也可以在上述磷系阻燃剂中组合使用水滑石,氢氧化镁、硼化合物、氧化锆、黑色染料、碳酸钙、沸石、钼酸锌、活性炭等。
作为上述氮系阻燃剂,例如可举出三嗪化合物、氰脲酸化合物、异氰脲酸化合物、吩噻嗪等。其中,优选三嗪化合物、氰脲酸化合物、异氰脲酸化合物。
作为上述三嗪化合物,例如可举出三聚氰胺、乙酰胍胺、苯并胍胺、氰脲酰胺(melon)、蜜白胺(melam)、琥珀酰胍胺、亚乙基双三聚氰胺、多磷酸三聚氰胺、三胍胺等、以及硫酸胍基三聚氰胺、硫酸蜜勒胺、硫酸蜜白胺等硫酸氨基三嗪化合物、上述氨基三嗪改性酚醛树脂、以及将该氨基三嗪改性酚醛树脂进一步用桐油、异构化亚麻籽油等改性而得到的物质。
作为上述氰脲酸化合物的具体例,例如可举出氰脲酸、氰脲酸三聚氰胺等。
作为上述氮系阻燃剂的配合量,根据氮系阻燃剂的种类、环氧树脂组合物的其他成分、所期望的阻燃性的程度适当选择,例如,在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中优选为0.05质量%~10质量%的范围,更优选为0.1质量%~5质量%的范围。
另外,在使用上述氮系阻燃剂的情况下,也可以组合使用金属氢氧化物、钼化合物等。
作为上述硅酮系阻燃剂,只要是含有硅原子的有机化合物就可以没有特别限制地使用,例如可举出硅油、硅酮橡胶、硅酮树脂等。
作为上述硅酮系阻燃剂的配合量,根据硅酮系阻燃剂的种类、环氧树脂组合物的其他成分、所期望的阻燃性的程度适当选择,例如在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中优选为0.05质量%~20质量%的范围。另外,在使用上述硅酮系阻燃剂的情况下,可以组合使用钼化合物、氧化铝等。
作为上述无机系阻燃剂,例如可举出金属氢氧化物、金属氧化物、金属碳酸盐化合物、金属粉、硼化合物、低熔点玻璃等。
作为上述金属氢氧化物,例如可举出氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、白云石、水滑石、氢氧化钙、氢氧化钡、氢氧化锆等。
作为上述金属氧化物,例如可举出钼酸锌、三氧化钼、锡酸锌、氧化锡、氧化铝、氧化铁、氧化钛、氧化锰、氧化锆、氧化锌、氧化钼、氧化钴、氧化铋、氧化铬、氧化镍、氧化铜、氧化钨等。
作为上述金属碳酸盐化合物,例如可举出碳酸锌、碳酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸钡、碱性碳酸镁、碳酸铝、碳酸铁、碳酸钴、碳酸钛等。
作为上述金属粉,例如可举出铝、铁、钛、锰、锌、钼、钴、铋、铬、镍、铜、钨、锡等。
作为上述硼化合物,例如可举出硼酸锌、偏硼酸锌、偏硼酸钡、硼酸、硼砂等。
作为上述低熔点玻璃,例如可举出Ceepree(日文原文:シープリー)(BokusuiBrown公司)、水合玻璃SiO2-MgO-H2O、PbO-B2O3系、ZnO-P2O5-MgO系、P2O5-B2O3-PbO-MgO系、P-Sn-O-F系、PbO-V2O5-TeO2系、Al2O3-H2O系、硼硅酸铅系等玻璃状化合物等。
作为上述无机系阻燃剂的配合量,根据无机系阻燃剂的种类、环氧树脂组合物的其他成分、所期望的阻燃性的程度适当选择,例如在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中优选为0.05质量%~20质量%的范围,优选为0.5质量%~15质量%的范围。
作为上述有机金属盐系阻燃剂,例如可举出二茂铁、乙酰丙酮金属络合物、有机金属羰基化合物、有机钴盐化合物、有机磺酸金属盐、金属原子与芳香族化合物或杂环化合物经离子键合或配位键合而成的化合物等。
作为上述有机金属盐系阻燃剂的配合量,根据有机金属盐系阻燃剂的种类、环氧树脂组合物的其他成分、所期望的阻燃性的程度适当选择,例如在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中优选为0.005质量%~10质量%的范围。
作为上述填充剂,例如可举出氧化钛、玻璃珠、玻璃鳞片、玻璃纤维、碳酸钙、碳酸钡、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、钛酸钾、硼酸铝、硼酸镁、熔融二氧化硅、结晶二氧化硅、氧化铝、氮化硅、氢氧化铝、洋麻纤维、碳纤维、氧化铝纤维、石英纤维等纤维状剂、非纤维状剂等。这些填充剂可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。另外,这些填充剂可以被有机物、无机物等被覆。
另外,在使用玻璃纤维作为填充材料的情况下,可以从长纤维型的粗纱、短纤维型的短切原丝、磨碎纤维等中选择使用。玻璃纤维优选使用经表面处理的、用于所使用的树脂的玻璃纤维。通过配合填充材料,能够进一步提高燃烧时生成的不可燃层(或碳化层)的强度,在燃烧时一度生成的不可燃层(或碳化层)变得不易破损,能够发挥稳定的绝热能力,能够得到更大的阻燃效果,此外,还能够对材料赋予高刚性。
作为上述添加剂,例如可举出增塑剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂等稳定剂、抗静电剂、导电性赋予剂、应力缓和剂、脱模剂、结晶化促进剂、水解抑制剂、润滑剂、冲击赋予剂、滑动性改良剂、增容剂、成核剂、强化剂、增强剂、流动调节剂、染料、敏化材料、着色用颜料、橡胶质聚合物、增稠剂、防沉降剂、防流挂剂、消泡剂、偶联剂、防锈剂、抗菌·防霉剂、防污剂、导电性高分子等。
·环氧树脂组合物的固化物
本发明的固化物是使上述环氧树脂组合物进行固化反应而得到的。作为得到上述固化物的方法,依据通常的固化性树脂组合物的固化方法即可,例如加热温度条件根据组合固化剂的种类、用途等适当选择即可。例如,可举出将上述环氧树脂组合物在室温~250℃左右的温度范围内加热的方法。成形方法等也可以使用固化性树脂组合物的通常的方法,特别是本发明的环氧树脂组合物不需要特有的条件。
本发明的固化物具有优异的耐热性和机械特性,且耐久性优异,因此,优选上述固化物的断裂韧性为1.3以上,玻璃化转变温度(以下,简记为“Tg”。)为130℃以上,拉伸弹性模量为2GPa以上。
·纤维增强复合材料
本发明的纤维增强复合材料是指使上述环氧树脂组合物浸渗于增强纤维后的固化前的状态的材料。在此,增强纤维可以为加捻纱、解捻纱、或无捻纱等中的任意种,解捻纱、无捻纱在纤维增强复合材料中具有优异的成形性,因此优选。此外,增强纤维的形态可以使用纤维方向沿一个方向拉齐而成的纤维、织物。在织物中,可以从平纹织物、缎纹织物等中根据所使用的部位、用途而自由选择。具体而言,从机械强度、耐久性优异的方面出发,可举出碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、硼纤维、氧化铝纤维、碳化硅纤维等,这些可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。其中,特别是从成形品的强度良好的方面出发,优选碳纤维,碳纤维可以使用聚丙烯腈系、沥青系、人造丝系等各种碳纤维。
作为由本发明的环氧树脂组合物得到纤维增强复合材料的方法,没有特别限定,例如可举出如下方法:将构成上述环氧树脂组合物的各成分均匀混合而制造清漆,接下来,使沿一个方向将增强纤维拉齐而得到的单向增强纤维浸渍于上述得到的清漆中的方法(以拉挤成型法、纤维缠绕法的固化前的状态);重叠增强纤维的织物并安装于凹模,然后,用凸模密闭之后注入树脂,进行压力浸渗的方法(以RTM法的固化前的状态)等。
本发明的纤维增强复合材料的上述环氧树脂组合物不一定需要浸渗于纤维束的内部,也可以为上述环氧树脂组合物局部存在于纤维的表面附近的方式。
此外,对于本发明的纤维增强复合材料而言,增强纤维相对于纤维增强复合材料的总体积的体积含有率优选为40%~85%,从强度的方面出发,进一步优选为50%~70%的范围。在体积含有率小于40%的情况下,上述环氧树脂组合物的含量过多,所得到的固化物的阻燃性不足,或无法满足比弹性模量和比强度优异的纤维增强复合材料所要求的各特性。另外,如果体积含有超过率85%,则有时增强纤维和环氧树脂组合物的粘接性降低。
·预浸料
作为本发明的预浸料,例如可举出将连续的碳纤维沿一个方向排列而制成片状的预浸料、使环氧树脂组合物浸渗于碳纤维织物等由碳纤维形成的基材而得到的预浸料、在碳纤维基材的至少一个表面配置由本发明的环氧树脂组合物形成的树脂层的预浸料、浸渗本发明的环氧树脂组合物的一部分且将剩余的部分配置于至少一个表面而得到的预浸料等。
作为上述预浸料的制造方法,例如可举出湿式法、热熔法等。上述湿式法是指将增强纤维基材浸渍于包含环氧树脂组合物和溶剂的溶液中后,提起,使用烘箱等使溶剂蒸发的方法,上述热熔法是指使通过加热而低粘度化了的环氧树脂组合物直接浸渗于增强纤维的方法、或者暂时将环氧树脂组合物涂布于脱模纸、膜等上,制作薄膜化了的物质,接下来从包含增强纤维的层的两侧或单侧重叠上述环氧树脂组合物的薄膜,进行加热加压,由此转印至增强纤维,使环氧树脂组合物浸渗的方法。其中,从预浸料中实质上不残留溶剂的方面出发,优选热熔法。
作为上述预浸料的每单位面积的碳纤维质量,从作业性和预浸料的悬垂性的观点出发,优选为70~1000g/m2的范围,另外,作为上述预浸料中的碳纤维含有率,从具有优异的机械特性、以及可以得到均匀的成形物的方面出发,优选为30~90质量%的范围,更优选为35~85质量%的范围,进一步优选为40~80质量%的范围。
·丝束预浸料
作为本发明的丝束预浸料,例如可举出:使基体树脂组合物浸渗于数千~数万根的增强纤维的长丝沿一个方向排列而成的增强纤维束后,将其卷绕于纸管等线轴而得到的窄幅的中间基材。
作为上述丝束预浸料的制造方法,可以通过以往已知的各种方法制成纤维增强复合材料。例如,可举出湿式法、长丝缠绕法、热熔法等。
上述湿式法与作为上述预浸料的制造方法而记载的“湿式法”同样地为如下方法:使丝束预浸料用环氧树脂组合物溶解于甲乙酮、甲醇等有机溶剂中而低粘度化,一边浸渍增强纤维束一边使其浸渗后,使用烘箱等使有机溶剂蒸发而制成丝束预浸料。
上述长丝缠绕法是指不使用有机溶剂而是通过加热使丝束预浸料用环氧树脂组合物低粘度化,一边浸渍增强纤维束一边使其浸渗的方法。
上述热熔法与作为上述预浸料的制造方法而记载的“热熔法”同样地为如下方法:将进行加热而低粘度化的环氧树脂组合物在辊、脱模纸上膜化,接着转印至增强纤维束的单面或两面后,通过弯曲辊或压力辊进行加压而使其浸渗的方法。
从强度和浸渗性的观点出发,本发明的丝束预浸料的增强纤维的体积含有率(Vf)优选为50~75%的范围,更优选为53~72%的范围。
另外,本发明的丝束预浸料通过带缠绕法相对于芯材的轴以规定的角度缠绕后,在烘箱中加热而固化,由此能够得到中空的管状纤维增强复合材料。此时,也可以在固化时卷绕于芯材的构件的表面来卷绕热收缩性的带。如果将热收缩性的带卷绕于芯材的表面,则固化时带收缩而施加压力,所得到的中空的管状纤维增强复合材料的表面品质提高,能够抑制在内部产生的空隙。
此外,本发明的丝束预浸料也可以通过带铺放法层叠于刚体工具上,然后用挠性膜密封后,利用真空泵对刚体工具与挠性膜之间进行抽吸脱气,设置于高压釜后,进行加热、加压,由此得到具有任意形状的纤维增强复合材料。在此,作为上述刚体工具的材质,例如可举出钢、铝等金属、纤维增强塑料(FRP)、木材、石膏等,作为上述挠性的膜的材料,例如可举出尼龙、氟树脂、硅酮树脂等。
使用本发明的丝束预浸料制造的纤维增强复合材料对来自外部的冲击的耐冲击性优异,因此可以用于航空航天、汽车、铁道车辆、船舶、土木建筑和体育用品等多种领域,特别是可以适合用于燃料电池中使用的填充氢气等的高压力容器。
实施例
以下,通过实施例和比较例具体地说明本发明。
(实施例1~10:环氧树脂组合物(1)~(10)的制备)
按照表1所示的配合来配合各成分,均匀地搅拌混合,得到环氧树脂组合物(1)~(10)。
(比较例1~6:环氧树脂组合物(C1)~(C6)的制备)
按照表1所示的配合来配合各成分,均匀地搅拌混合,得到环氧树脂组合物(C1)~(C6)。
使用上述实施例和比较例中得到的环氧树脂组合物(1)~(10)和(C1)~(C6),进行下述评价。
[机械特性的评价方法]
将各实施例和比较例中得到的环氧树脂组合物流入到宽度80mm、长度180mm、厚度4mm的型箱内,在110℃热固化4小时,得到固化物。机械强度的评价通过拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量和伸长率以及断裂韧性值(K1c)的测定来进行。
<拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量和伸长率的测定>
按照JISK7161(2014)对固化物的拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量和伸长率进行测定。
<断裂韧性值(K1c)的测定>
按照ASTM D5045对固化物的断裂韧性值(K1c)进行测定。
[耐热性的评价方法]
将各实施例和比较例中得到的环氧树脂组合物流入到宽度90mm、长度110mm、厚度2mm的型箱内,在110℃热固化4小时,得到固化物。用金刚石切割机将所得到的固化物切成宽度5mm、长度55mm,将其作为试验片。接下来,使用SII Nano Technology公司制“DMS6100”,对基于以下条件的基于双支撑弯曲的动态粘弹性进行测定,将tanδ成为最大值的温度作为玻璃化转变温度(Tg)进行评价。
需要说明的是,动态粘弹性测定的测定条件设为温度条件:室温~260℃、升温速度:3℃/分钟、频率:1Hz(正弦波)、应变振幅:25μm。
[低吸水性的评价方法]
通过吸湿率的测定来评价低吸水性。吸湿率的测定与耐热性的评价方法同样地制作试验片,使用压力锅试验机,在110℃、100%RH的条件下将试验片保持70小时后,根据试验前后的重量变化率求出。
将实施例1~10中制备的环氧树脂组合物(1)~(10)和比较例1~6中制备的环氧树脂组合物(C1)~(C6)的组成和评价结果示于表1和表2。
[表1]
[表2]
表1和2中的缩写如下。
环氧树脂(A);
“A-1”:1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚(坂本药品工业株式会社制“SR-14BL”,环氧当量;110g/当量,25℃时的粘度;12mPa·s,水解性氯含量;80ppm)
“A-2”:1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚(Nagase ChemteX株式会社制“DENACOL EX-214”,环氧当量;137g/当量,25℃时的粘度;17.3mPa·s,水解性氯含量;900ppm)
“A-3”:1,6-己二醇二缩水甘油醚(坂本药品工业株式会社制“SR-16H”,环氧当量;160g/当量,25℃时的粘度;25mPa·s,水解性氯含量;430ppm)
“A-4”:新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚(坂本药品工业株式会社制“SR-NPG”,环氧当量;145g/当量,25℃时的粘度;17mPa·s,水解性氯含量;350ppm)
“A-5”:利用以下方法制造的1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚
在具备搅拌机、滴液漏斗、冷凝管、氮导入管和温度计的烧瓶中投入加热至30℃的1,4-丁二醇135.0质量份、四氯化锡4.4质量份,升温至80℃。接下来,滴加环氧氯丙烷305.3质量份(相对于二醇的1个羟基为1.1当量)。一边保持在80~85℃一边搅拌1小时后,冷却至45℃。加入22%氢氧化钠水溶液654.6质量份,加热至45℃搅拌3小时。冷却至室温,分离除去水相,在减压下加热,除去未反应的环氧氯丙烷、水,基于GPC法的二缩水甘油醚体纯度(n=0)为39%,得到环氧当量;138g/当量,25℃时的粘度;16mPa·s,水解性氯含量1800ppm的1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚218.2质量份(收率72%)。
“A-6”:三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚(Nagase ChemteX株式会社制“DENACOL EX-321”,环氧当量;140g/当量,25℃时的粘度;130mPa·s,水解性氯含量;700ppm)
环氧树脂(B);
“B-1”:双酚A型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON840-S”,环氧当量;184g/当量,平均官能团数;2.0)
“B-2”:苯酚酚醛型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON N-730-A”,环氧当量;174g/当量,平均官能团数;2.6)
“B-3”:二环戊二烯型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON HP-7200L”,环氧当量;247g/当量,平均官能团数;2.2)
“B-4”:二环戊二烯型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON HP-7200”,环氧当量;260g/当量,平均官能团数;2.3)
“B-5”:二环戊二烯型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON HP-7200HHH”,环氧当量;285g/当量,平均官能团数;3.5)
“B-6”:CTBN改性环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON TSR-960”,环氧当量;235g/当量,平均官能团数;2.0)
“B-7”:萘型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON HP-4770”,环氧当量;206g/当量,平均官能团数;2.6)
“B-8”:噁唑烷酮型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON TSR-400”,环氧当量;342g/当量,平均官能团数;2.0)
“B-9”:三苯基甲烷型环氧树脂(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON EXA-7250”,环氧当量;166g/当量,平均官能团数;2.6)
核壳型橡胶粒子;
“MX-154”:核壳型橡胶粒子(40%)/双酚A型环氧树脂(60%)(株式会社Kaneka制“Kaneace MX-154”)
固化剂;
“DICY7”:双氰胺(三菱化学株式会社制“DICY7”)
固化促进剂;
“DCMU”:表示3-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1,1-二甲基脲(DIC株式会社制“EPICLON B-605-IM”)。
Claims (15)
1.一种环氧树脂组合物,其特征在于,含有:
25℃时的粘度为1000mPa·s以下的环氧树脂A;
所述环氧树脂A以外的具有至少2个环氧基的环氧树脂B;
核壳型橡胶粒子C;以及
胺固化剂D,
所述环氧树脂A的含量在所述环氧树脂A、所述环氧树脂B、所述核壳型橡胶粒子C和所述胺固化剂D的合计质量中为0.5质量%~15质量%的范围,
所述核壳型橡胶粒子C的含量在所述环氧树脂A、所述环氧树脂B、所述核壳型橡胶粒子C和所述胺固化剂D的合计质量中为1质量%~10质量%的范围。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环氧树脂组合物,其中,所述环氧树脂B含有选自双酚型环氧树脂、苯酚酚醛型环氧树脂、二环戊二烯型环氧树脂、CTBN改性环氧树脂、萘型环氧树脂、噁唑烷酮型环氧树脂和三酚基甲烷型环氧树脂中的1种以上的环氧树脂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的环氧树脂组合物,其中,所述环氧树脂A与所述环氧树脂B的质量比例即A/B为0.01~0.3的范围。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物,其中,所述环氧树脂B以二环戊二烯型环氧树脂为必须成分,所述二环戊二烯型环氧树脂的平均官能团数为2.3~3.6的范围。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物,其中,所述核壳型橡胶粒子C的体积平均粒径为50nm~500nm。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物,其中,所述环氧树脂A具有碳原子数2~6的链状脂肪族结构,所述环氧树脂A中的水解性氯含量为30ppm~1500ppm的范围。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物,其中,相对于所述环氧树脂A和所述环氧树脂B的合计环氧当量,所述胺固化剂D的活性氢当量比为0.25~0.7的范围。
8.根据权利要求1~7中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物,其中,所述胺固化剂D为双氰胺,所述环氧树脂组合物还含有脲化合物作为固化促进剂。
9.根据权利要求1~8中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物,其断裂韧性为1.3以上,玻璃化转变温度为120℃以上,拉伸弹性模量为2GPa以上。
10.一种纤维增强复合材料用环氧树脂组合物,其特征在于,权利要求1~9中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物用于纤维增强复合材料。
11.一种丝束预浸料用环氧树脂组合物,其特征在于,权利要求1~9中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物用于丝束预浸料。
12.一种固化物,其特征在于,其为权利要求1~9中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物的固化反应产物。
13.一种纤维增强复合材料,其特征在于,其含有权利要求1~9中任一项所述的环氧树脂组合物和增强纤维。
14.一种预浸料,其特征在于,其包含权利要求13所述的纤维增强复合材料。
15.一种丝束预浸料,其特征在于,其包含权利要求13所述的纤维增强复合材料。
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