JP6813576B2 - 患者のx線量を最小化しつつ画質を維持するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
患者のx線量を最小化しつつ画質を維持するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[0003]ヒト患者などの被検者は、患者の解剖学的構造を矯正または強化するために、外科的処置を選択すること、または受けることを求められることがある。解剖学的構造の強化は、骨の移動もしくは造成、埋込装置の挿入、または他の適切な処置など、様々な処置を含むことができる。外科医は患者の画像に基づいて患者に処置を行うことができるが、それらの画像は、撮像システムを有するX線スキャナを使用して取得され得る。画像は処置の前、間および/または後に取得されてもよい。撮像システムは、たとえば、Medtronic,Inc.によって販売されるものなどのO−Arm(登録商標)医用撮像システム、またはCアーム撮像システムでもよい。画像は、撮像システムの動作モードに応じて蛍光透視または放射線画像でもよい。
Claims (43)
- 第1の患者に対する患者パラメータ、処置パラメータ、および外科医パラメータを得るように構成された初期化モジュールであって、前記患者パラメータ、前記処置パラメータおよび前記外科医パラメータに基づいてX線源に対する第1の複数の設定を選択するように構成された初期化モジュールと、
(i)前記第1の患者の関心領域の1つまたは複数の画像の第1のサンプル集合、および(ii)1つまたは複数の画像のマスタサンプル集合を得るように構成され、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、前記X線源が前記第1の複数の設定に従って動作した結果として取得された、画像モジュールと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を位置合せするように構成された位置合せモジュールと、
画素パラメータ、または前記患者パラメータの1つに基づいて前記位置合せの結果に対応する画素データを処理するように構成された処理モジュールと、
前記第1の複数の設定を調節して更新された設定を提供するように構成され、前記更新された設定と関連付けられるX線量が、前記第1の複数の設定と関連付けられるX線量より少ない、設定モジュールとを備えるシステム。 - 前記画像モジュールが、前記X線源の第2の複数の設定に基づいて1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合を取得するように構成され、
前記第2の複数の設定が、前記第1の複数の設定とは異なる、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合が、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の前に、かつ1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合と同じ処置の前または処置中に得られる、請求項1または2に記載のシステム。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、自動学習モードまたは手動モードで動作している間に取得される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、後処理モードの間にメモリからアクセスされる、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- (i)1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の品質を判定し、(ii)1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の前記品質に基づいて前記画像モジュールに1つまたは複数の画像の第2のサンプル集合を取得するように命令するように構成された品質モジュールをさらに備える、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記画像モジュールが、(i)前記処理モジュールが前記画素データを処理する前に最小サンプル集合が利用可能であるかどうかを判定し、(ii)前記最小サンプル集合が利用可能でなければ、1つまたは複数の画像の第2のサンプル集合を取得またはアクセスするように構成される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第2のサンプル集合が、前記第1の患者の前記関心領域についてであるか、または第2の患者の関心領域についてである、請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 前記患者パラメータが、前記第1の患者に対応するパラメータおよび第2の患者に対応するパラメータを含み、
前記外科医パラメータが、複数の外科医に対する外科医パラメータを含む、
請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。 - 前記設定モジュールが、前記第1の患者の大きさ、前記患者の前記関心領域、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合および1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合の画素強度レベル、および1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の連続性に基づいて、前記X線源に対する更新された設定を決定するように構成される、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の前記連続性が、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合と1つまたは複数の画像の他の記憶されたサンプル集合との間の類似性を指す、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 設定モジュールが、自動学習モードの間に、(i)前記第1の複数の設定を前記更新された設定に調節し、(ii)外科医に前記更新された設定の確認を促すように構成される、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 前記設定モジュールが、手動モードの間に、(i)前記第1の複数の設定を調節することなく外科医に前記更新された設定を気付かせ、(ii)入力が受信され、前記更新された設定の確認を示していれば、前記第1の複数の設定を前記更新された設定に調節するように構成される、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の複数の設定が、第1の処置の間に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を取得するために使用され、
前記設定モジュールが、前記第1の複数の設定を、第2の処置に対する1つまたは複数の画像の予め設定された、または更新されたマスタサンプル集合として記憶するように構成される、請求項10に記載のシステム。 - 前記位置合せモジュールが、(i)1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を、1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合と位置合せするために回転させ、かつ
そのズームレベルを調節し、(ii)1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合との1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の位置合せを検証するように構成される、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。 - 処置のための前記第1の複数の設定の1つまたは複数が、(i)前記処置のために使用される典型的な設定の1つまたは複数のそれぞれの範囲、または(ii)前記処置のための推奨設定の1つまたは複数のそれぞれの範囲外であるかどうかを示すフィードバックを提供するように構成されたフィードバックモジュールをさらに備える、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の複数の設定の1つまたは複数が1つまたは複数の範囲外であり、前記第1の複数の設定の使用から生じるX線量が所定の閾値を超えることを示していることを示す警告信号を生成するように構成された閾値モジュールをさらに備える、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 第1の患者に対する患者パラメータ、処置パラメータ、および外科医パラメータを得、前記患者パラメータ、前記処置パラメータおよび前記外科医パラメータに基づいてX線源に対する第1の複数の設定を選択するステップと、
(i)前記第1の患者の関心領域の1つまたは複数の画像の第1のサンプル集合、および(ii)1つまたは複数の画像のマスタサンプル集合を得るステップであって、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、前記X線源が前記第1の複数の設定に従って動作した結果として取得された、ステップと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を位置合せするステップと、
画素パラメータ、または前記患者パラメータの1つに基づいて前記位置合せの結果に対応する画素データを処理するステップと、
前記第1の複数の設定を調節して更新された設定を提供するステップであって、前記更新された設定と関連付けられるX線量が、前記第1の複数の設定と関連付けられるX線量より少ない、ステップとを含む方法。 - 前記X線源の第2の複数の設定に基づいて1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合を取得するステップをさらに含み、
前記第2の複数の設定が、前記第1の複数の設定とは異なる、請求項18に記載の方法。 - 1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合が、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の前に、かつ1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合と同じ処置の前または処置中に得られる、請求項18または19に記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、自動学習モードまたは手動モードで動作している間に取得される、請求項18〜20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、後処理モードの間にメモリからアクセスされる、請求項18〜21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の品質を判定するステップと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の前記品質に基づいて1つまたは複数の画像の第2の集合を取得するステップとをさらに含む、請求項18〜22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記画素データを処理する前に最小サンプル集合が利用可能であるかどうかを判定するステップと、
前記最小サンプル集合が利用可能でなければ、1つまたは複数の画像の第2のサンプル集合を取得またはアクセスするステップとをさらに含む、請求項18〜22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第2のサンプル集合が、前記第1の患者の前記関心領域についてであるか、または第2の患者の関心領域についてである、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記患者パラメータが、前記第1の患者に対応するパラメータおよび第2の患者に対応するパラメータを含み、
前記外科医パラメータが、複数の外科医に対する外科医パラメータを含む、
請求項18〜25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の患者の大きさ、前記患者の前記関心領域、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合および1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合の画素強度レベル、および1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の連続性に基づいて、前記X線源に対する更新された設定を決定するステップをさらに含む、請求項18〜26のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の前記連続性が、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合と1つまたは複数の画像の他の記憶されたサンプル集合との間の類似性を指す、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 自動学習モードの間に、(i)前記第1の複数の設定を前記更新された設定に調節するステップと、(ii)外科医に前記更新された設定の確認を促すステップとをさらに含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 手動モードの間に、(i)前記第1の複数の設定を調節することなく外科医に前記更新された設定を気付かせるステップと、(ii)入力が受信され、前記更新された設定の確認を示していれば、前記第1の複数の設定を前記更新された設定に調節するステップとをさらに含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記更新された設定を、第2の処置に対する1つまたは複数の画像の予め設定された、または更新されたマスタサンプル集合として記憶するステップをさらに含み、
前記第1の複数の設定が、第1の処置の間に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を取得するために使用され、
前記第2の処置が、前記第1の処置の後に行われる、請求項27に記載の方法。 - 1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を、1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合と位置合せするために回転させ、かつそのズームレベルを調節するステップと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合との1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の位置合せを検証するステップとをさらに含む、請求項18〜31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 処置のための前記第1の複数の設定の1つまたは複数が、(i)前記処置のために使用される典型的な設定の1つまたは複数のそれぞれの範囲、または(ii)前記処置のための推奨設定の1つまたは複数のそれぞれの範囲外であるかどうかを示すフィードバックを
提供するステップをさらに含む、請求項18〜32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の複数の設定の1つまたは複数が1つまたは複数の範囲外であり、前記第1の複数の設定の使用から生じるX線量が所定の閾値を超えることを示していることを示す警告信号を生成するステップをさらに含む、請求項18〜33のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の患者に対する患者パラメータを得るように構成された初期化モジュールであって、前記患者パラメータに基づいてX線源に対する第1の複数の設定を選択するように構成された初期化モジュールと、
(i)前記第1の患者の関心領域の1つまたは複数の画像の第1のサンプル集合、および(ii)1つまたは複数の画像のマスタサンプル集合を得るように構成され、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、前記X線源が前記第1の複数の設定に従って動作した結果として取得される、画像モジュールと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を位置合せするように構成された位置合せモジュールと、
前記位置合せの結果に対応するデータを処理するように構成された処理モジュールと、
前記第1の複数の設定を調節して更新された設定を提供するように構成され、前記更新された設定と関連付けられるX線量が、前記第1の複数の設定と関連付けられるX線量より少ない、設定モジュールとを備えるシステム。 - (i)1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の品質を判定し、(ii)1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合の前記品質に基づいて前記画像モジュールに1つまたは複数の画像の第2の集合を取得するように命令するように構成された品質モジュールをさらに備える、請求項35に記載のシステム。
- 処置のための前記第1の複数の設定の1つまたは複数が、(i)前記処置のために使用される典型的な設定の1つまたは複数のそれぞれの範囲、または(ii)前記処置のための推奨設定の1つまたは複数のそれぞれの範囲外であるかどうかを示すフィードバックを提供するように構成されたフィードバックモジュールをさらに備える、請求項35又は36に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の複数の設定の1つまたは複数が1つまたは複数の範囲外であり、前記第1の複数の設定の使用から生じるX線量が所定の閾値を超えることを示していることを示す警告信号を生成するように構成された閾値モジュールをさらに備える、請求項35〜37のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 第1の患者に対する患者パラメータを得るステップと、
前記患者パラメータに基づいてX線源に対する第1の複数の設定を選択するステップと、
(i)前記第1の患者の関心領域の1つまたは複数の画像の第1のサンプル集合、および(ii)1つまたは複数の画像のマスタサンプル集合を得るステップであって、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、前記X線源が前記第1の複数の設定に従って動作した結果として取得される、ステップと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を位置合せするステップと、
前記位置合せの結果に対応するデータを処理するステップと、
前記第1の複数の設定を調節して更新された設定を提供するステップであって、前記更新された設定と関連付けられるX線量が、前記第1の複数の設定と関連付けられるX線量より少ない、ステップとを含む方法。 - 第1の患者に対して用いられるパラメータを得るように構成された初期化モジュールであって、前記パラメータに基づいてX線源に対する第1の複数の設定を選択するように構成された初期化モジュールと、
(i)前記第1の患者の関心領域の1つまたは複数の画像の第1のサンプル集合、および(ii)1つまたは複数の画像のマスタサンプル集合を得るように構成され、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、前記X線源が前記第1の複数の設定に従って動作した結果として取得される、画像モジュールと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を位置合せするように構成された位置合せモジュールと、
前記位置合せの結果に対応するデータを処理するように構成された処理モジュールと、
前記第1の複数の設定を調節して更新された設定を提供するように構成される、設定モジュールとを備えるシステム。 - 類似する患者及び処置パラメータに対する第2の外科医のX線源パラメータと比較した第1の外科医のX線源パラメータを監視するように構成される、外科医評価モジュールを更に備える、請求項40に記載のシステム。
- 第1の患者に対して用いるパラメータを得るステップと、
前記パラメータに基づいてX線源に対する第1の複数の設定を選択するステップと、
(i)前記第1の患者の関心領域の1つまたは複数の画像の第1のサンプル集合、および(ii)1つまたは複数の画像のマスタサンプル集合を得るステップであって、1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合が、前記X線源が前記第1の複数の設定に従って動作した結果として取得される、ステップと、
1つまたは複数の画像の前記マスタサンプル集合に1つまたは複数の画像の前記第1のサンプル集合を位置合せするステップと、
前記位置合せの結果に対応するデータを処理するステップと、
前記第1の複数の設定を調節して更新された設定を提供するステップであって、前記更新された設定と関連付けられるX線量が、前記第1の複数の設定と関連付けられるX線量より少ない、ステップとを含む方法。 - 前記第1の患者に対して用いるパラメータを得るステップが、少なくとも1人の患者から患者パラメータを、少なくとも1つの処置から処置パラメータを、そして、少なくとも1人の外科医から外科医パラメータを得るステップを含む、請求項42に記載の方法。
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WO2017074792A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
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