JP6677478B2 - 電磁誘電六方晶フェライト、六方晶フェライト材料の磁気特性を向上させるための方法、および電磁誘電アンテナ - Google Patents
電磁誘電六方晶フェライト、六方晶フェライト材料の磁気特性を向上させるための方法、および電磁誘電アンテナ Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2014年10月24日に出願され「INCREASED RESONANT FREQUENCY ALKALI-DOPED Y-PHASE HEXAGONAL FERRITES」と題された米国仮出願番号第62/068,147号、2014年10月24日に出願され「INCREASED RESONANT FREQUENCY POTASSIUM-DOPED HEXAGONAL FERRITE」と題された米国仮出願番号第62/068139号、2014年10月24に出願され「MAGNETODIELECTRIC Y-PHASE STRONTIUM HEXAGONAL FERRITE MATERIALS FORMED BY SODIUM SUBSTITUTION」と題された米国仮出願番号第62/068,146号、および2014年10月24日に出願され「INCORPORATION OF OXIDES INTO FERRITE MATERIAL FOR IMPROVED RADIOFREQUENCY PROPERTIES」と題された米国仮出願番号第62/068,151号に基づく優先権を主張し、その各々の開示全体が引用により本願明細書に援用される。
分野
本開示の実施形態は、電子設備に有用な、特に高周波(RF)電子機器に有用な組成物および材料を作製する方法に関する。
磁気誘電アンテナ用途については、(より良好な小型化係数および自由空間におけるインピーダンス整合のために)可能な限り高い透磁率と、可能な限り大きな共振周波数(最大動作周波数)とを有することが有利であり得る。しかし、透磁率がより高い当該技術において既知の材料は、たとえば共振周波数は1GHzを優に超えるが透磁率はわずか2であるなど、磁気共振周波数が低い傾向にある。
Y相ストロンチウム六方晶フェライト材料を備える磁気誘電六方晶フェライトであって、Y相ストロンチウム六方晶フェライト材料はストロンチウムを置換したナトリウムを有し、磁気誘電六方晶フェライトを形成するために三価または四価イオンを含み、三価イオンが用いられる場合は、磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr2−xNaxCo2−xMxFe12O22であり、Mは三価イオンであり、四価イオンが用いられる場合は、磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr 2−2xNa2xCo2xNxFe12O22であり、Nは四価イオンである磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの実施形態が本願明細書に開示される。
いくつかの実施形態では、高共振周波数六方晶フェライトは、1GhZにおいて1未満の損失係数を有することができる。
いくつかの実施形態では、高共振周波数六方晶フェライトは、1GhZにおいて1未満の損失係数を有することができる。
磁気誘電材料として使用するのに有利であり得る材料の実施形態が本願明細書に開示される。これらの磁気誘電材料は、ある好都合な材料特性により、アンテナ、変圧器、インダクタ、サーキュレータ、および吸収装置などの高周波(RF)装置に特に有用であり得る。たとえば、本願明細書に開示される磁気誘電材料は、良好な品質を維持しつつ高周波レベルにおいて用いることができ、したがって、当該材料が組込まれるアンテナおよび他の装置の周波数上限を上昇させることができる。加えて、開示される磁気誘電材料によって与えられる特性のいくつかは、好都合な小型化係数、場(field)集中の低減、およびより良好なインピーダンス整合であり得、これらはすべて高周波装置に有利である。さらに、図1に示されるように、材料の実施形態の損失正接は、より高い共振周波数スペクトルまで比較的最小化され、したがって当該材料を、アンテナ、特に様々な異なる周波数範囲を使用する者にとって有利にすることができる。
磁気誘電用途について有利な磁気特性を有することができる一種の材料は、六方晶フェライトである。六方晶フェライト、すなわちヘキサフェライトは、それらの結晶構造に直接結合することができる磁気特性を有する。たとえば、六方晶フェライトはすべて結晶磁気異方性を有し、誘起磁場に対する反応は結晶構造によって好ましい方位を有する。加えて、特に六方晶フェライト系は、有用なアンテナ周波数であるマイクロ波(100MHz〜20GHz)周波数における透磁率および吸収性が高いことから望ましい場合がある。
材料のある特性は、高周波アンテナなどの磁気誘電用途で使用するのに有利であり得る。これらの特性は、透磁率、誘電率、磁気異方性、磁気損失、および磁気Q値を含むが、これらに限定されない。
いくつかの実施形態では、Y相六方晶フェライト材料の結晶構造においてカリウム(K)を置換することによって、六方晶フェライト材料を向上させることができる。この組込みは、本開示全体を通じて述べられる磁気特性を向上させるための他の方法の有無に関わらず行うことができる。
ここでMは任意の三価イオンであり得る。たとえば、Mは、Sc、Mn、In、Cr、Ga、Co、Ni、Fe、Yb、Er、Y、またはランタニドイオンのいずれかであり得、特定の要素は限定的なものではない。さらに、x値は約0〜約1.5の範囲にあり得る。いくつかの実施形態では、0.2<x<0.7である。
ここでNは任意の四価イオンであり得る。たとえば、Nは、Si、Ge、Ti、Zr、Sn、Ce、Pr、HfまたはTbであり得、特定の要素は限定的なものではない。ここでも、いくつかの実施形態において、x値は約0〜0.75の範囲にあり得る。いくつかの実施形態では、0.2<x<0.5である。
上記の開示は、Y相六方晶フェライト材料の磁気特性を向上させるための1つの方法を示しているが、Y相六方晶フェライト材料の結晶構造中にナトリウムを置換することによって、六方晶フェライト材料に異なる改善を行うことができる。この組込みは、本願の全体にわたって述べられる磁気特性を向上させるための他の方法の有無に関わらず行うことができる。
Sr2−xNaxCo2−xMxFe12O22
Mは、Al、Ga、Sc、Cr、Mn、In、Yb、Er、Yまたは他のランタニドなどの三価カチオンであるが、三価イオンは限定的なものではない。さらに、x値は約0から約1.5までの範囲にあり得る。いくつかの実施形態では、0.2<x<0.7である。
Sr2−2xNa2xCo2xNxFe12O22
Nは、Si、Ge、Ti、Zr、Sn、Ce、Pr、Hf、またはTbであり得るが、四価イオンは限定的なものではない。さらに、x値は約0から約1.5までの範囲にあり得る。いくつかの実施形態では、0.2<x<0.7である。x=0.4であるいくつかの実施形態では、低損失における極めて高い透磁率値も観察される。
図12〜図16は、上記で開示した六方晶フェライト材料の実施形態のうち1つ以上を使用し、かつ本願明細書に記載された1つ以上の特徴を有する高周波アンテナなどのフェライト装置を製造するためのプロセスを示している。図12は、前述した特性の1つ以上を有するセラミック材料を製造するために実施することができるプロセス20を示す。ブロック21において、粉末を作製することができる。ブロック22において、作製した粉末から成形物を形成することができる。ブロック23において、形成された成形物を焼結することができる。ブロック24において、焼結体は、仕上げられ、1つ以上の所望の特性を有するセラミック仕上げ品を得ることができる。
磁気誘電アンテナ用途については、可能な限り高い透磁率を有することが有利であり得る。高透磁率を有することは、向上した小型化係数などの磁気誘電用途のための多くの利点をもたらすことができ、したがって部品の接地面積全体がより小さくなり、かつ自由空間に対するインピーダンス整合につながる。さらに、材料が組込まれる電子装置の動作周波数を最大化することができる高い共振周波数を有することが有利であり得、それによって、より高い周波数範囲における電子装置の使用が可能となる。
Sr2−xKxCo2−xMxFe12O22またはSr2−xNaxCo2−xMxFe12O22
この場合、Mはスカンジウムまたはインジウム(Sc3+またはIn3+)である。スカンジウムまたはインジウムでコバルトを置換すると、これは、透磁率の増大をもたらすことができる。これは、コバルト、スカンジウムおよびインジウムがすべてシャノン-プレウィット(Shannon-Prewitt)の有効イオン半径に従って比較的同様のイオンサイズを有することから生じる可能性が最も高い。たとえば、コバルトは、0.885オングストロームのイオンサイズを有し、一方スカンジウムおよびインジウムは、それぞれ0.885および0.94のイオンサイズを有する。実際、スカンジウムおよびコバルトはほぼ同一のサイズを有する。したがって、これらの元素がCo2Y材料の結晶構造中に置換される場合、当初の原子と概ね同じ場所に適合する置換原子によって最小の変形が結晶構造に対して生じる可能性が高い。
上記の開示は、Y相六方晶フェライト材料の磁気特性を向上させるためのある方法および置換物を示しているが、六方晶フェライト材料に第2相酸化物を組込むことによって六方晶フェライト材料に改善を行うこともできる。これらの第2相酸化物は主要な六角相構造に溶解して非化学量論的にするか、または第2相としてセラミックに組込み得る。この組込みは、他のやり方で本願明細書に開示される磁気特性を向上させるための他の方法の有無に関わらず行うことができる。
本開示のある局面は、より高い周波数においてY相ヘキサフェライトの透磁率を上昇させるための処理技術を提供する。一実現例では、処理技術は、向上した磁気特性を有するテクスチャ加工されたセラミックをもたらすためのY相ヘキサフェライトの磁気テクスチャ加工の方法を含む。一実施形態では、成形に用いられる磁気テクスチャ加工の方法は、反応焼結法を用いることを含み、反応焼結法は、M相(BaFe12O19一軸磁化)を静磁場内の非磁性添加物と位置合せし、BaO源およびCoOと反応してY相(Sr2Me2Fe12O22)を形成する工程を含む。別の実施形態では、Sr−Co2Yを形成するのに用いられる磁気テクスチャ加工の方法は回転磁場法を用いることを含み、回転磁場法は、Sr−Co2Y相(平面磁化)を回転磁場に生じる磁気テクスチャ加工と位置合せする工程を含む。発明者は、位置合わせの程度、したがって透磁率利得が回転磁場においてはるかに優れていることを見出した。
図21および図22は、本開示の方法、材料および装置のうちのいずれかを用いて実現された1つ以上の高周波装置を含むことができるパワーアンプモジュール10および無線装置11をそれぞれ例示する。たとえば、パワーアンプモジュール10および無線装置11は、限定はしないが共振周波数が上昇したアルカリがドープされたy相六方晶フェライト、共振周波数が上昇したカリウムがドープされた六方晶フェライト、ナトリウム置換によって形成された磁気誘電y相ストロンチウム六方晶フェライト材料、および高周波動作のための酸化物を組込んだフェライト材料を組込む1本以上のアンテナ、変圧器、インダクタ、サーキュレータ、吸収装置、もしくは他のRF装置、または本開示によって実現される他の装置を含むことができる。
Claims (20)
- 磁気誘電六方晶フェライトであって、
ストロンチウムを置換したナトリウムを有し、磁気誘電六方晶フェライトを形成するために三価または四価イオンを含むY相ストロンチウム六方晶フェライト材料を備え、三価イオンが用いられる場合は、前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr2−xNaxCo2−xMxFe12O22であり、Mは三価イオンであり、四価イオンが用いられる場合は、前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr 2−2xNa2xCo2xNxFe12O22であり、Nは四価イオンであり、xは、三価置換では0よりも大きく約1.5以下であり、xは、四価置換では0よりも大きく約0.75以下である、磁気誘電六方晶フェライト。 - Mは、Al、Ga、Sc、Cr、Mn、In、Yb、Er、Yまたは他のランタニドから成るグループから選択される、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- Nは、Si、Ge、Ti、Zr、Sn、Ce、Pr、Hf、またはTbから成るグループから選択される、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- 三価イオンが用いられる、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- 四価イオンが用いられる、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、組成Sr1.75Na0.25Co1.75M0.25Fe12O22を有する、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、組成Sr1.5Na0.5Co1.5M0.5Fe12O22を有する、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの損失係数は、周波数1GHzまで4未満にとどまる、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、1GHzまでおよそ5とおよそ6との間の透磁率を有する、請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライト。
- 六方晶フェライト材料の磁気特性を向上させるための方法であって、前記方法は、
ストロンチウムの代わりにY相ストロンチウム六方晶フェライト材料中にナトリウムを置換することと、
磁気誘電六方晶フェライトを形成するために三価または四価イオンのいずれかを用いて電荷平衡することとを含み、三価イオンが用いられる場合は、前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr2−xNaxCo2−xMxFe12O22であり、Mは三価イオンであり、四価イオンが用いられる場合は、前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr 2−2xNa2xCo2xNxFe12O22であり、Nは四価イオンであり、xは、三価置換では0よりも大きく約1.5以下であり、xは、四価置換では0よりも大きく約0.75以下である、方法。 - 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、組成Sr1.75Na0.25Co1.75M0.25Fe12O22を有する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、組成Sr1.5Na0.5Co1.5M0.5Fe12O22を有する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの損失係数は、周波数1GHzまで4未満にとどまる、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、1GHzまでおよそ5とおよそ6との間の透磁率を有する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 磁気誘電アンテナであって、
ストロンチウムを置換したナトリウムを有し、磁気誘電六方晶フェライトを形成するために三価または四価イオンを含むY相ストロンチウム六方晶フェライト材料を備え、三価イオンが用いられる場合は、前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr2−xNaxCo2−xMxFe12O22であり、Mは三価イオンであり、四価イオンが用いられる場合は、前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの組成はSr 2−2xNa2xCo2xNxFe12O22であり、Nは四価イオンであり、xは、三価置換では0よりも大きく約1.5以下であり、xは、四価置換では0よりも大きく約0.75以下である、磁気誘電アンテナ。 - 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、組成Sr1.75Na0.25Co1.75M0.25Fe12O22を有する、請求項15に記載の磁気誘電アンテナ。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、組成Sr1.5Na0.5Co1.5M0.5Fe12O22を有する、請求項15に記載の磁気誘電アンテナ。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトの損失係数は、周波数1GHzまで4未満にとどまる、請求項15に記載の磁気誘電アンテナ。
- 前記磁気誘電六方晶フェライトは、1GHzまでおよそ5とおよそ6との間の透磁率を有する、請求項15に記載の磁気誘電アンテナ。
- 請求項1に記載の六方晶フェライトを組み込んだ無線装置。
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