JP6664065B2 - 太陽電池素子および太陽電池モジュール - Google Patents
太陽電池素子および太陽電池モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 170
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 167
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 147
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 147
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 147
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 107
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 23
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004050 hot filament vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron Chemical compound B#B ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMTCKFAPVIWNOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane tetrahydrofluoride Chemical compound C.F.F.F.F VMTCKFAPVIWNOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
- H01L31/02363—Special surface textures of the semiconductor body itself, e.g. textured active layers
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- H01L31/0745—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a AIVBIV heterojunction, e.g. Si/Ge, SiGe/Si or Si/SiC solar cells
- H01L31/0747—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a AIVBIV heterojunction, e.g. Si/Ge, SiGe/Si or Si/SiC solar cells comprising a heterojunction of crystalline and amorphous materials, e.g. heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer
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Description
本実施の形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの平面構成の一例について、図1を用いて説明する。
太陽電池モジュール100の主たる構成要素である太陽電池素子1の構造について説明する。
次に、シリコン基板10が有するテクスチャ構造について説明する。
図6Aは、実施の形態に係る太陽電池素子の拡大断面図である。具体的には、図6Aは、シリコン基板10、非晶質シリコン層20および透明電極30の谷部付近の積層構造を拡大した断面図であり、谷線方向から見た断面図である。図6Aの断面図は、非晶質シリコン層20の頂部212および谷部213を結ぶ傾斜部214と、隣接する2つの傾斜部214に挟まれた谷部213とを示している。図6Aに示すように、非晶質シリコン層20は、シリコン基板10の表面のテクスチャ構造を反映した凹凸形状を有しており、また、透明電極30も当該テクスチャ構造を反映した凹凸形状を有している。
次に、上述した特徴的なシリコン層20の構造を有する太陽電池素子1の製造方法について説明する。
本実施の形態に係る太陽電池素子1は、複数の角錐が2次元状に配列されたテクスチャ構造を第1主面に有するシリコン基板10と、シリコン基板10の第1主面に形成され、上記テクスチャ構造を反映した凹凸形状を有する非晶質シリコン層20とを備え、非晶質シリコン層20は、凹凸形状の頂部、および、当該頂部と谷部213とを結ぶ傾斜部214において、非晶質であり、谷部213においてシリコン基板10の基板面から略垂直方向に向けて柱状に成長し、かつ、谷部213のうちシリコン基板10と接する下端部と反対側の上端部において基板面に略平行な方向に離散的に存在する結晶領域213cを有し、非晶質シリコン層20を断面視した場合、谷部213における結晶領域213cの谷部213に対する占有率は、谷部213におけるアモルファス領域213aの谷部213に対する占有率よりも高い。
以上、本発明に係る太陽電池素子1、太陽電池モジュール100、および太陽電池素子の製造方法について、上記実施の形態に基づいて説明したが、本発明は、上記の実施の形態に限定されるものではない。
10 シリコン基板
20 非晶質シリコン層(第1非晶質シリコン層)
21 誘電体膜(第1誘電体膜)
22 n型非晶質シリコン膜(第1非晶質シリコン膜)
40 非晶質シリコン層(第2非晶質シリコン層)
41 誘電体膜(第2誘電体膜)
42 p型非晶質シリコン膜(第2非晶質シリコン膜)
100 太陽電池モジュール
170A 表面充填部材
170B 裏面充填部材
180A 表面保護部材
180B 裏面保護部材
213 谷部
213a アモルファス領域(非晶質領域)
213c 結晶領域
214 傾斜部
Claims (8)
- 複数の角錐が2次元状に配列されたテクスチャ構造を第1主面に有するシリコン基板と、
前記シリコン基板の前記第1主面上に形成され、前記テクスチャ構造を反映した凹凸形状を有する第1非晶質シリコン層とを備え、
前記第1非晶質シリコン層は、
前記凹凸形状の頂部、および、当該頂部と谷部とを結ぶ傾斜部において非晶質であり、
前記凹凸形状の谷部において前記シリコン基板の基板面から略垂直方向に向けて柱状に成長し、かつ、前記谷部のうち前記シリコン基板と接する下端部と反対側の上端部において前記基板面に略平行な方向に離散的に存在する結晶領域を有し、
前記第1非晶質シリコン層を断面視した場合、前記谷部における前記結晶領域の前記谷部に対する占有率は、前記谷部における非晶質領域の前記谷部に対する占有率よりも高い
太陽電池素子。 - 前記谷部は、前記太陽電池素子を断面視した場合、曲率半径が150nm以下のアール形状を有する
請求項1に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記太陽電池素子を断面視した場合、前記谷部はアール形状を有し、前記谷部を挟む前記シリコン基板の2つの角錐面のそれぞれを含む2つの直線の交点から前記谷部を見た場合の臨み角は60度以下である
請求項1または2に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記第1非晶質シリコン層は、前記シリコン基板の導電型と同じ導電型を有する
請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記第1非晶質シリコン層は、
前記第1主面上に形成された第1誘電体膜と、
前記第1誘電体膜の上に形成された、前記シリコン基板の導電型と同じ導電型のドーパントを含む第1非晶質シリコン膜とを有する
請求項4に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記シリコン基板は、さらに、前記テクスチャ構造を、前記第1主面と背向する第2主面に有し、
前記太陽電池素子は、さらに、
前記シリコン基板の前記第2主面上に配置され、前記テクスチャ構造を反映した凹凸形状を有し、前記シリコン基板の導電型と逆の導電型を有する第2非晶質シリコン層を備え、
前記第1非晶質シリコン層および前記第2非晶質シリコン層を断面視した場合、前記第1非晶質シリコン層の前記谷部における前記結晶領域の前記谷部に対する占有率は、前記第2非晶質シリコン層の前記谷部における前記結晶領域の前記谷部に対する占有率よりも高い
請求項4または5に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 前記第2非晶質シリコン層は、
前記第2主面上に形成された第2誘電体膜と、
前記第2誘電体膜の上に形成された、前記シリコン基板の導電型と逆の導電型のドーパントを含む第2非晶質シリコン膜とを有する
請求項6に記載の太陽電池素子。 - 2次元状に配置された、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の複数の太陽電池素子と、
前記複数の太陽電池素子の表面側に配置された表面保護部材と、
前記複数の太陽電池素子の裏面側に配置された裏面保護部材と、
前記複数の太陽電池素子と前記表面保護部材との間に配置された表面充填部材と、
前記複数の太陽電池素子と前記裏面保護部材との間に配置された裏面充填部材とを備える
太陽電池モジュール。
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