JP6655605B2 - 導電性組成物 - Google Patents

導電性組成物 Download PDF

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JP6655605B2
JP6655605B2 JP2017510424A JP2017510424A JP6655605B2 JP 6655605 B2 JP6655605 B2 JP 6655605B2 JP 2017510424 A JP2017510424 A JP 2017510424A JP 2017510424 A JP2017510424 A JP 2017510424A JP 6655605 B2 JP6655605 B2 JP 6655605B2
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conductive composition
compound
composition according
conductive
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JPWO2017022523A1 (ja
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尚明 三原
尚明 三原
切替 徳之
徳之 切替
二朗 杉山
二朗 杉山
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THE FURUKAW ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
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Description

本発明は、導電性組成物に関する。具体的には、導電性ペーストや、導電性接着剤組成物、およびそれよりなる導電性接着フィルム、およびそれと粘着テープとを貼り合せてなるダイシングダイボンディングフィルムに関する。
IGBT(絶縁ゲートバイポーラ―トランジスタ)、MOS−FET(電界効果トランジスタ)などの半導体パワー素子を金属リードフレームに接合する際、従来は鉛フリーはんだが広く使われてきたが、昨今は鉛の有害性が問題視されている。また、近年はより高密度なエネルギー制御が求められている事を背景に、200℃以上のジャンクション温度に耐えるSiC、GaNなどのワイドギャップ半導体を用いたパワー素子の研究が進んでいるが、鉛はんだの共晶融点が低い為に接合部分の耐熱性不足がネックとなっている。
上記の背景から、鉛を含まない様々なタイプの鉛フリーはんだが登場しており、その中でもAuGeなどの高融点はんだがワイドギャップ半導体素子の接合材として注目されているが、材料が高価な事、実装温度が高くなることでプロセスコストが高くなる事がネックとなっており、普及が進んでいない。また、多くの鉛フリーはんだは鉛はんだよりも濡れ性が悪い為にダイパッド部分にはんだが塗れ拡がらず、ダイの角などではんだが抜けた状態になり易く、その部分が接合不良のリスクを引き起こす事が問題となっている。鉛フリーはんだの濡れ性は融点が高くなるほど更に悪くなる傾向がある為、耐熱性と実装信頼性の両立が難しい。
上記の課題を解決する為、Cu/Sn系はんだ等の拡散焼結型のはんだの研究が進められている。これら拡散焼結型のはんだは実装時の融点が低いにも拘らず、拡散焼結反応後は不可逆的に高融点化する為、耐熱性と実装信頼性の両立が従来の鉛フリーはんだよりも有利である。しかしながら、拡散焼結型はんだでも尚、濡れ性が鉛はんだにはやや劣る為、5mm□以上の大面積素子の接合の際にはやはりはんだ抜けのリスクがあり、かつ焼結体が硬くて脆く、応力緩和性が低い為に耐熱疲労特性が低く、素子寿命を短くしてしまう欠点がある。
上記鉛フリーはんだの他に、Agペーストなども用いられているが、材料コストが非常に高価となる点と、Agイオンのマイグレーションによる汚染が問題となっている。
また、鉛はんだや鉛フリーはんだの多くには金属の酸化被膜を除去する目的で、カルボン酸やアルコールよりなるフラックスを添加する事が一般的であるが、これらフラックス成分は吸湿し易い上にブリードアウトし易く、吸湿吸分とフラックスのブリードアウト分の双方が半導体素子の封止パッケージにおける吸湿後耐リフロー信頼性(MSL)に悪影響を与えることが知られており、従来ははんだ付後のフラックス洗浄が必要とされてきたが、その手間や洗浄廃液の処理が問題視されつつある。とはいえ、吸湿およびブリードアウトを低減する為にカルボン酸やアルコールを添加しないと酸化膜の除去能が不足し、導電性その他の性能が発現しにくかった。
また、特許文献4では、半導体装置に用いられる、無機フィラーとして銀を好ましく用いる接着剤組成物において、フラックスとしてチオールやチオエーテルを用いることが記載されているが、銀は高価かつイオンマイグレーションしやすいために、電極間に意図しない短絡を生じさせるリスクが大きい。
特開2002−307188号公報 特開2007−152385号公報 US2014/120356 A1 特開2014−196437号公報
本発明は、半導体パワー素子を金属リードフレームに接合する際、耐熱性と実装信頼性に優れ、かつ鉛フリーであり環境への負荷の小さい手段を提供することを目的とする。
出願人は鋭意検討の結果、上記課題を解決する導電性組成物、およびそれを用いてなる導電性ペースト、導電性接着フィルムおよびダイシングダイボンディングフィルムにかかる発明に至ったものである。
すなわち本発明は、少なくとも下記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物と、少なくともCu、Sn、Niのいずれかを含む金属粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂を必須成分として含み、前記熱硬化性樹脂がイミド基を1分子に2単位以上含むマレイン酸イミド化合物を含み、前記マレイン酸イミド化合物が、C10以上の脂肪族アミンに由来する骨格を含む導電性組成物に関する。
(Rは少なくとも炭素を含む有機基であり、R’はRと同一もしくは異なる有機基である。なお、RとR’は結合していてもよい。)
一般式(1)
Figure 0006655605
また、少なくとも下記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物と、少なくともCu、Sn、Niのいずれかを含む金属粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂を必須成分として含み、前記熱硬化性樹脂がイミド基を1分子に2単位以上含むマレイン酸イミド化合物を含み、前記マレイン酸イミド化合物の数平均分子量が3000以上である導電性組成物に関する。
(Rは少なくとも炭素を含む有機基であり、R’はRと同一もしくは異なる有機基である。なお、RとR’は結合していてもよい。)
一般式(1)
Figure 0006655605
ここで、前記スルフィド化合物は、1分子中に硫黄原子を2つ以上含む化合物であることが好ましい。
さらに、前記スルフィド化合物は、ビニル基、アクリロイル基、1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基、フェノール性水酸基、チオール基、ヒドロシリル基、ヒドロホウ素基、マレイン酸エステル基、マレイン酸アミド基、マレイン酸イミド基の少なくともいずれかを有する化合物であることが好ましい。
さらに、前記スルフィド化合物の数平均分子量は、200以上であることが好ましい。
さらに、前記金属粒子の少なくとも1部が、Cu、Ag、Au、Ni、Snのいずれかを含むことが好ましい。
さらに、前記金属粒子が、相互に金属間化合物形成が可能な組み合わせを含む2種以上の金属の混合物であることが好ましい。
さらに、前記2種以上の金属粒子の少なくとも2種が、Cu、Ag、Ni、Ti、Al、Sn、Zn、Au、Inから選択されるものであることが好ましい。
また、本発明は、焼結前はDSC(示差走査熱量測定)により観測される吸熱ピークが100℃〜250℃において少なくとも1つ存在し、かつ、焼結後はそれが観測されなくなることを特徴とする、上記導電性組成物に関する。
また、本発明は上記導電性組成物を用いてなる導電性接着剤組成物に関する。
また、本発明は上記導電性接着剤組成物を基材への塗布乾燥や、押し出し、その他の方法にて膜状に成形された導電性接着フィルムに関する。
くわえて、本発明は、上記導電性接着フィルムと、粘着テープとを貼り合せてなる、ダイシングダイボンディングフィルムに関する。
本発明が提供する導電性組成物を用いてなる導電性ペースト、導電性接着フィルム、あるいはそれとダイシングテープとを組み合わせたダイシングダイボンディングフィルムを用いることによって、低温で実装できながらも焼結後の耐熱性に優れ、はんだ抜け不良なく、フラックス洗浄工程を省いたとしても耐熱疲労および吸湿後耐リフロー性に優れた、パワー半導体をリードフレーム等に電気的に接合できる、安価かつ環境への負荷も小さい手段を供する事を可能とした。
本発明の実施形態に係るダイシング・ダイボンディングフィルムを示す断面図である。 本発明のダイシング・ダイボンディングフィルムを半導体に貼合した状態を示す図である。 ダイシング工程を説明するための図である。 ピックアップ工程を説明するための図である。 ダイボンディング工程を説明するための図である。 モールドずみ半導体素子の断面を示す図である。
本発明の導電性組成物は、少なくとも下記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物と、少なくともCu、Sn、Niのいずれかを含む金属粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂を必須成分として含み、前記熱硬化性樹脂がイミド基を1分子に2単位以上含むマレイン酸イミド化合物を含み、前記マレイン酸イミド化合物が、C10以上の脂肪族アミンに由来する骨格を含むことを特徴とする。
(Rは少なくとも炭素を含む有機基であり、R’はRと同一もしくは異なる有機基である。なお、RとR’は結合していても、すなわち、いわゆる環状スルフィドであってもよい。)
一般式(1)
Figure 0006655605
また、少なくとも下記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物と、少なくともCu、Sn、Niのいずれかを含む金属粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂を必須成分として含み、前記熱硬化性樹脂がイミド基を1分子に2単位以上含むマレイン酸イミド化合物を含み、前記マレイン酸イミド化合物の数平均分子量が3000以上であることを特徴とする。
(Rは少なくとも炭素を含む有機基であり、R’はRと同一もしくは異なる有機基である。なお、RとR’は結合していても、すなわち、いわゆる環状スルフィドであってもよい。)
一般式(1)
Figure 0006655605
ここで、金属粒子は、導電性および熱伝導性を担い、一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物は、金属粒子表面の酸化膜を除去することでその働きを助ける、所謂“フラックス”の機能を有する。金属粒子としては、特にCu、Sn、Niのような酸化しやすい金属において顕著な効果を奏する。また、安価かつ、イオンマイグレーションしにくいことからも好ましい。
(スルフィド化合物)
フラックスとして、一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物を用いることは、従来フラックスとして一般的なカルボン酸或いはアルコールと比較して、極めて吸湿しにくい点で好ましい。
また、上記スルフィド化合物は、1分子中に硫黄原子を2つ以上含む化合物であることが、金属酸化膜の還元能を高める点で好ましい。
また、上記スルフィド化合物は、ビニル基、アクリロイル基、1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基、フェノール性水酸基、チオール基、ヒドロシリル基、ヒドロホウ素基、マレイン酸エステル基、マレイン酸アミド基、マレイン酸イミド基の少なくともいずれかの官能基を有する化合物であることが好ましく、さらには硬化し易さの点で、アクリロイル基を有する化合物であることがより好ましい。
さらに、前記スルフィド化合物の数平均分子量は、200以上であることが、焼結時等のブリードアウトを抑制する点で好ましい。上記分子量および硬化することにより、ブリードアウトを極めて少なくできる事により、リードフレームの汚染によるパッケージの信頼性低下を防止するとともに、ブリードアウトによりスルフィドフラックスが無駄になる量が極めて少ない為、フラックスの還元能をほぼ100%有効活用できる。
このようなスルフィド化合物の具体例としては、2−メチルチオフェノチアジン、ビス(4−メタクリロイルチオフェニル)スルフィド、ビス(2−メタクロイルチオエチル)スルフィドが挙げられる。
このようなアクリロイルスルフィド化合物は、マレイミド樹脂との共重合体を形成可能な熱硬化性樹脂成分としても作用する。この様に吸湿しにくく、分子量が十分に大きくかつ重合性である為に低ブリードアウトであるフラックス成分を用いつつ、吸湿しやすいアルコール或いはカルボン酸を殆ど或いは全く含まないことにより、フラックス洗浄を経なくてもブリードアウトリスクを低減でき、十分な信頼性、特に吸湿後の耐リフロー性を担保できる。
前記スルフィド化合物の導電性組成物中における重量分率は、金属酸化膜の除去能を十分に有する観点から1〜10wt%が好ましく、更に好ましくは2〜5wt%である。
(金属粒子)
金属粒子としては、少なくとも1部が、Cu、Ag、Au、Ni、Snのいずれかを含むことが好ましい。
さらには、その少なくとも1部が相互に金属間化合物形成が可能な組み合わせを含むことが、実装温度を低くしつつも焼結後実装温度以上の耐熱性を有する点から好ましい。
そのような組み合わせとしては、少なくとも2種がCu、Ag、Ni、Ti、Al、Sn、Zn、Au、Inから選択されるものであることが好ましく、例えばCu或いはNi或いはAgとSn或いはZnとの組合せ、AgとSnとの組合せ、Ni或いはSn或いはAlとTiとの組合せ、AuとInとの組合せなどが挙げられるが、取り分け実装温度を低くする観点から低融点のSnを含む組合せが好ましく、特に好ましくはCu或いはNiとSnとを含む組合せである。
前記金属間化合物形成が可能な金属の組合せに加えて、必要に応じてその他の金属成分を加えても良い。例えば、SnにZnやBi、Ag、In、Ga、Pd、等を加えて予め合金化したものを粒子化して用いることで、更に低融点化することも可能である。
前記金属粒子の導電性組成物中における重量分率は、70〜96wt%であることが好ましい。
前記金属粒子には、鉛および水銀およびアンチモンおよびヒ素をなるべく含まない、具体的には導電性組成物中0.1wt%未満であることが、低環境負荷の観点から好ましい。
後で述べるダイシング後に行う焼結前においては、DSCによって吸熱ピークとして観測される少なくとも1種の金属成分に帰属できる融点があることで、被着体表面にその成分が塗れることが低温での実装を有利にする。さらにその成分が、焼結後においては金属間の拡散反応により高融点化することで、例えば実装後に高融点鉛フリーはんだでワイヤーボンドしたりリフロー処理等をかけたりしても耐えうる十分な耐熱性を有する。実装温度は100〜250℃が好ましく、更に好ましくは100〜200℃である。耐熱温度は250℃以上が好ましく、更に好ましくは300℃以上である。
(熱硬化性樹脂)
本願発明における導電性組成物には、さらに熱硬化性樹脂を含有し、熱硬化性樹脂は焼結前のフィルム性および焼結後の熱サイクルによって発生する応力等に対する緩和性を付与する効果を有する。
熱硬化性樹脂は、耐熱性と金属粒子を混ぜた際のフィルム性の観点から、イミド基を1分子に2単位以上含むマレイン酸イミド化合物を含み、マレイン酸イミド樹脂(マレイミド樹脂)が好ましい。前記マレイン酸イミド樹脂は、例えばマレイン酸或いはその無水物とジアミン或いはポリアミンとを縮合する等によって得られるが、C10以上の脂肪族アミンに由来する骨格を含むものが応力緩和性の観点から好ましく、特に好ましくはC30以上であり、下記一般式(2)のような骨格を有するものが好ましい。
一般式(2)
Figure 0006655605
前記マレイン酸イミド樹脂には、マレイン酸以外の酸成分、例えばベンゼンテトラカルボン酸或いはその無水物、ヒドロキシフタル酸ビスエーテル或いはその無水物等に由来する骨格を含む事により分子量やTgなどを調整しても良い。マレイン酸イミド樹脂の硬化剤としては、フェノール樹脂、ラジカル発生剤などが好ましい。
このような構造のビスマレイミド樹脂としては、例えば下記の構造式に示す様なものが挙げられる。
Figure 0006655605
なお、上式中、「C36」とは、下記構造である。
Figure 0006655605
また、前記マレイン酸イミド化合物の数平均分子量は3000以上であることが好ましい。
熱硬化性樹脂としてエポキシを選択する場合、応力緩和性とフィルム性のバランスの観点からビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂とビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂およびそれらの組合せが好ましく、更に好ましくはそれらと分子量の大きなエポキシ樹脂であるフェノキシ樹脂との混合物である。エポキシ樹脂の硬化剤としては、酸無水物、フェノール樹脂、アミン、イミダゾールやジシアンジアミド等を選択できる。
上記の様な応力緩和性を備えた熱硬化性樹脂を含むことで、本発明の導電性組成物の焼結体は、従来の金属のみの鉛フリーはんだの硬くて脆い為に熱疲労特性が悪いという欠点を克服するとともに、焼結前のフィルム性が担保されるので、特に接着フィルム用途として用いる際に好ましい
本発明の導電性組成物を接着用途として用いる場合、はフィルム状であることで、例えばパワー半導体素子が形成されたウェハの裏面に貼りつけ、ウェハを素子毎に分割・チップ化するダイシング工程において接着フィルムをウェハごと分割することが可能であり、これによりはんだの濡れ性、すなわち濡れ拡がりやはみ出しなどの、液体であることにより生ずる問題とは無関係に、過不足なく素子の裏面全体に接着フィルムを容易に実装することができる。また、予め所定の厚みにて接着フィルムを調整することで、従来のはんだや導電ペーストよりもダイボンド後の素子の高さ制御を精度よく行うこともできる。
本発明の導電性接着フィルムは、上記本発明の導電性組成物を基材に膜状に成形してなる。成形方法としては、導電性組成物を溶媒に溶解・分散させたワニスを基材上に塗布した後乾燥させる方法、導電性組成物を高温下で溶融した後基材に塗布する溶融塗布法、導電性組成物を基材とともに高圧にてプレスする方法、導電性組成物を溶融した後押出し機を用いて押出した後に延伸する押出し法、スクリーンメッシュ(スクリーン印刷)や金属版(グラビア版)等に上記ワニスを充填して転写する印刷法等、公知の方法が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
更に、本発明の導電性接着フィルムをダイシングテープと組み合わせてダイシングダイボンディングフィルム化することで、接着フィルムとダイシングテープを一度にウエハに貼合でき、工程を省略化できる。
上記態様について、図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、本願発明にかかるダイシングダイボンディングフィルム10を示す断面図である。ダイシングダイボンディングフィルム10は、主にダイシングテープ12、接着フィルム13から構成されている。ダイシングダイボンディングフィルム10は、半導体加工用テープの一例であり、使用工程や装置にあわせて予め所定形状に切断(プリカット)されていてもよいし、半導体ウエハ1枚分ごとに切断されていてもよいし、長尺のロール状を呈していてもよい。
ダイシングテープ12は、支持基材12aと、その上に形成された粘着剤層12bとから構成されている。
剥離処理PET11は、ダイシングテープ12を覆っており、粘着剤層12bや接着フィルム13を保護している。
支持基材12aとしては、放射線透過性であることが好ましく、具体的には、通常、プラスチック、ゴムなどを用い、放射線を透過する限りにおいて特に制限されるものではない。
粘着剤層12bの粘着剤のベース樹脂組成物は、特に限定されるものではなく、通常の放射線硬化性粘着剤が用いられる。好ましくは水酸基などのイソシアネート基と反応しうる官能基を有するアクリル系粘着剤がある。特に制限されるものではないが、アクリル系粘着剤はヨウ素価30以下であり、放射線硬化性炭素−炭素二重結合構造を有するのが好ましい。
本願発明にかかる接着フィルム13の構成としては、上述した通り、金属粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂と、ルイス酸性を有する化合物または熱酸発生剤とを含む導電性接着フィルムであることが、半導体パワー素子を金属リードフレームに接合する際、耐熱性と実装信頼性に優れ、かつ環境への負荷の小さい点で非常に好ましい。
(ダイシングダイボンディングフィルムの使用方法)
半導体装置の製造にあたり、本発明のダイシングダイボンディングフィルム10を好適に使用することができる。
まず、ダイシングダイボンディングフィルム10から剥離処理PET11を取り除き、図2に示す通り、半導体ウエハ1に接着フィルム13を貼り付けてダイシングテープ12の側部をリングフレーム20で固定する。リングフレーム20はダイシング用フレームの一例である。接着フィルム13はダイシングテープ12の半導体ウエハ1が貼合される部位に積層されている。ダイシングテープ12のリングフレーム20と接する部位には接着フィルム13はない。
その後、図3に示す通り、ダイシングテープ12の下面を吸着テーブル22で吸着・固定しながら、ダイシングブレード21を用いて半導体ウエハ1を所定サイズにダイシングし、複数の半導体チップ2を製造する。
その後、図4に示す通り、リングフレーム20によりダイシングテープ12を固定した状態で、テープ突き上げリング30を上昇させ、ダイシングテープ12の中央部を上方に撓ませるとともに、紫外線などの放射線をダイシングテープ12に照射し、ダイシングテープ12の粘着力を弱める。その後、半導体チップごとにこれに対応した位置で突き上げピン31を上昇させ、半導体チップ2を吸着コレット32によりピックアップする。
その後は、図5に示す通り、ピックアップした半導体チップ2を、リードフレーム4などの支持部材や他の半導体チップ2に接着(ダイボンディング工程)し、図6に示す通り、Alワイヤの付設や、樹脂モールド、加熱硬化、焼結などの工程を経ることにより、半
導体装置が得られる。
(導電性ペースト)
上記実施形態においては、本願発明の導電性組成物を、導電性接着剤組成物として接着フィルム13の形態として用いる例を示したが、導電性組成物に配合する熱硬化性樹脂の量を減らす、あるいは熱硬化性樹脂を配合せずに、はんだ等の用途としてペースト状の形態で用いることもできる。具体的には、スクリーン印刷やディスペンサ等によって塗布することにより、電子部品の接続に供することができる。
以下、実施例によって本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は当該実施例によって何ら限定・拘束されるべきものではない。なお、wt%は、重量%を示す。
<実施例1〜4>
表1の組成にて、金属粒子92wt%、樹脂4.5wt%、フラックス3.5wt%の混合物に、トルエンを加えてスラリー化したものをプラネタリーミキサーにて撹拌の後、離形処理されたPET上に薄く塗って120℃で乾燥させ、厚さ40μmの接着フィルムを得た。また、表中、BMI−3000とは、下記構造(n=1〜10)である。
Figure 0006655605
<比較例1、2>
表1の組成にて、金属粒子85wt%、樹脂8wt%、フラックス7wt%の組成とした他は、実施例と同じ方法で接着フィルムを作製した。
<支持基材>
市販の低密度ポリエチレンよりなる樹脂ビーズ(日本ポリエチレン(株)製 ノバテックLL)を140℃で溶融し、押し出し機を用いて厚さ100μmの長尺フィルム状に成形した。
<粘着剤組成物>
n−オクチルアクリレート、2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、メタクリル酸、重合開始剤としてベンゾイルペルオキシドの200:10:5:2(重量比)混合物を適量のトルエン中に分散し、反応温度および反応時間を調整し、官能基を持つアクリル樹脂の溶液を得た。次にこのアクリル樹脂溶液に、ポリイソシアネートとしてコロネートL(日本ポリウレタン製)を前記アクリル樹脂溶液100重量部に対して2重量部と、追加の溶媒として適量のトルエンを加え、攪拌して粘着剤組成物1を得た。
<ダイシングテープ>
支持基材上に粘着剤組成物1の乾燥後の厚さが5μmになるように前記粘着剤組成物を塗工し、120℃で3分間乾燥させてダイシングテープを作成した。
実施例1〜4、比較例1、2によって得られた接着フィルム、およびそれをダイシングテープと貼り合せてなるダイシングダイボンドテープにおいて、以下に記す項目について評価を行った結果について、同じく表1に示す。
・体積抵抗率・・・JIS−K7194に準拠した四探針法にて測定
・DSC・・・DSC測定装置(日立ハイテク製 DSC7000)を用いて、焼結前の各サンプルについて200〜250℃の温度領域において吸熱ピークの有無を確認した。次いで、各サンプルを窒素下250℃にて4時間焼結したものについても同様の測定を実施した。
・接着力・・・接着フィルムをダイシングテープと貼り合せることでダイボンディングフィルムを調整し、裏面をAuメッキされたSiウェハに100℃で貼合の後、5mm□にダイシングして、個片化したチップおよび接着フィルムを得た。Agメッキされた金属リードフレーム上に140℃でダイボンディングした後、230℃で3時間焼結した作成したサンプルについて、ダイシェアー測定機(アークテック製 シリーズ4000)にて260℃におけるせん断接着力を測定した。
・TCT後の接着力・・・上記と同じサンプルを(−40⇔+150℃)×200サイクルの冷熱衝撃(TCT)処理後に、260℃におけるせん断接着力を測定した。
・MSL−Lv1、Lv2、Lv3後のPKG剥離の有無・・・接着力と同じサンプルをエポキシ系のモールド樹脂にて封止した後、JEDEC J−STD−020D1に定める吸湿後リフロー試験(鉛フリーはんだ準拠)のMSL−Lv1、Lv2、Lv3(表2参照)にて処理した後、超音波画像装置(日立パワーソリューション製 SAT)にて内部に剥離が生じていないかを観察した。
Figure 0006655605
なお、表1中、
Cu:三井金属鉱業製 微粒銅粉
SnBi合金:三井金属鉱業製 微粒半田粉 Sn72Bi28
エポキシ:新日鉄住金化学製 YD−128+YD−013+YP−50+四国化成製 2PHZ の 15:5:10:1混合物
ビスマレイミド(C9):1,6’−ビスマレイミド−(2,2,4−トリメチル)ヘキサン + 日油製パーブチルO の 100:5混合物
ビスマレイミド(C10):1,10−ビスマレイミド−ノルマルデカン + 日油製パーブチルO の 100:5混合物
ビスマレイミド(C36):DMI社製 BMI−3000 + 日油製パーブチルO の 100:5混合物
スルフィド1:フェニルスルフィド Mw=186.3
スルフィド2:チアントレン Mw=216.3
スルフィド2:ビス(4−メタクリロイルチオフェニル)スルフィド Mw=386.6
である。
Figure 0006655605
上記結果から、金属粒子と、フラックスとして前記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物を含む実施例1〜4の導電性接着フィルムは、環境負荷の高い鉛はんだを用いず、耐熱性、吸湿信頼性、結合信頼性を併せ持つ、従来技術にない顕著な効果を奏することが証明された。
特に、フラックスとしてアクリロイル基を有するスルフィド化合物を用いた実施例3、さらには、上記アクリロイル基を有するスルフィド化合物にくわえ、熱硬化性樹脂として炭素数30以上の脂肪族アミンに由来する骨格を含むマレイン酸イミド樹脂を用いた実施例4は、極めて優れた性能を有することがわかる。
これに対して、フラックスとしてスルフィド化合物ではないテトラエチレングリコールを用いた比較例1、アビエチン酸を用いた比較例2では、TCT後の接着力が低く、さらに、吸湿し易いため、MSL試験後にも内部剥離を示すなど、吸湿信頼性、結合信頼性に難があることが証明された。また、アビエチン酸はカルボン酸の質量毎の当量が小さい為、実施例のような比較的少量の添加では酸化膜を除去することができない。よって酸化膜が障壁となり、金属間の拡散反応が進まないため、焼結後も吸熱ピークが残ってしまう結果となった。
1:半導体ウェハ
1a:裏面Auメッキ層
2:半導体チップ
4:金属リードフレーム
4a:Agメッキ層
5:モールド樹脂
6:Alワイヤ
10:ダイシング・ダイボンディングフィルム
11:剥離処理PET
12:ダイシングテープ
12a:支持基材
12b:粘着剤層
13:接着フィルム
20:リングフレーム
21:ダイシングブレード
22:吸着ステージ
30:テープ突き上げリング
31:突き上げピン
32:吸着コレット

Claims (12)

  1. 少なくとも下記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物と、少なくともCu、Sn、Niのいずれかを含む金属粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂を必須成分として含み、
    前記熱硬化性樹脂がイミド基を1分子に2単位以上含むマレイン酸イミド化合物を含み、
    前記マレイン酸イミド化合物が、C10以上の脂肪族アミンに由来する骨格を含む導電性組成物。
    (Rは少なくとも炭素を含む有機基であり、R’はRと同一もしくは異なる有機基である。なお、RとR’は結合していてもよい。)
    一般式(1)
    Figure 0006655605
  2. 少なくとも下記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド化合物と、少なくともCu、Sn、Niのいずれかを含む金属粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂を必須成分として含み、
    前記熱硬化性樹脂がイミド基を1分子に2単位以上含むマレイン酸イミド化合物を含み、
    前記マレイン酸イミド化合物の数平均分子量が3000以上である導電性組成物。
    (Rは少なくとも炭素を含む有機基であり、R’はRと同一もしくは異なる有機基である。なお、RとR’は結合していてもよい。)
    一般式(1)
    Figure 0006655605
  3. 前記スルフィド化合物が1分子中に硫黄原子を2つ以上含む化合物である、請求項1または請求項2記載の導電性組成物。
  4. 前記スルフィド化合物がビニル基、アクリロイル基、1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基、フェノール性水酸基、チオール基、ヒドロシリル基、ヒドロホウ素基、マレイン酸エステル基、マレイン酸アミド基、マレイン酸イミド基の少なくともいずれかを有する化合物である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物。
  5. 前記スルフィド化合物の数平均分子量が200以上である、請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物。
  6. 前記金属粒子の少なくとも1部が、Cu、Ag、Au、Ni、Snのいずれかを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物。
  7. 前記金属粒子が、相互に金属間化合物形成が可能な組み合わせを含む2種以上の金属の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物。
  8. 前記2種以上の金属粒子の少なくとも2種がCu、Ag、Ni、Ti、Al、Sn、Zn、Au、Inから選択されるものであることを特徴とする、請求項記載の導電性組成物。
  9. 焼結前はDSC(示差走査熱量測定)により観測される吸熱ピークが100℃〜250℃において少なくとも1つ存在し、かつ、焼結後はそれが観測されなくなることを特徴とする、請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物。
  10. 請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物を用いてなる、導電性接着剤組成物。
  11. 請求項10記載の導電性接着剤組成物を基材に膜状に成形した、導電性接着フィルム。
  12. 請求項11記載の導電性接着フィルムと、粘着テープとを貼り合わせてなる、ダイシングダイボンディングフィルム。
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JP5989928B1 (ja) * 2016-02-10 2016-09-07 古河電気工業株式会社 導電性接着フィルムおよびこれを用いたダイシング・ダイボンディングフィルム

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PH12018500249A1 (en) 2018-08-13
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US10689550B2 (en) 2020-06-23

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