JP6586238B2 - Cigs光吸収層を含む太陽電池及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
Cigs光吸収層を含む太陽電池及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6586238B2 JP6586238B2 JP2018533788A JP2018533788A JP6586238B2 JP 6586238 B2 JP6586238 B2 JP 6586238B2 JP 2018533788 A JP2018533788 A JP 2018533788A JP 2018533788 A JP2018533788 A JP 2018533788A JP 6586238 B2 JP6586238 B2 JP 6586238B2
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- precursor
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- thin film
- gallium
- selenium
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 title description 56
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 butyl selenide propylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- NMHFBDQVKIZULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylideneindium Chemical compound [In]=[Se] NMHFBDQVKIZULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012691 Cu precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OZCBRUAHGPOZBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylselanyl-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Se]C(C)(C)C OZCBRUAHGPOZBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RVIXKDRPFPUUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenide Chemical compound C[Se]C RVIXKDRPFPUUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QNWMNMIVDYETIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium(ii) selenide Chemical compound [Se]=[Ga] QNWMNMIVDYETIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RSCASNFKRQQQDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylgallane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Ga](C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C RSCASNFKRQQQDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ALCDAWARCQFJBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylselanylethane Chemical compound CC[Se]CC ALCDAWARCQFJBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VGRRMEWGVLILCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-propan-2-ylselanylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)[Se]C(C)(C)C VGRRMEWGVLILCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LQIKDUWYQKLRNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-ylselanylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)[Se]C(C)C LQIKDUWYQKLRNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RLVZHWWAGSWRBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yloxy)gallane Chemical compound [Ga+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] RLVZHWWAGSWRBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylgallium Chemical compound CC[Ga](CC)CC RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OMAWWKIPXLIPDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (ethyldiselanyl)ethane Chemical compound CC[Se][Se]CC OMAWWKIPXLIPDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- USLHPQORLCHMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxygallane Chemical compound CCO[Ga](OCC)OCC USLHPQORLCHMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MZILKVSMAWURCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(propan-2-yldiselanyl)propane Chemical compound CC(C)[Se][Se]C(C)C MZILKVSMAWURCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WWGOAEIKYIAQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tert-butyldiselanyl)-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Se][Se]C(C)(C)C WWGOAEIKYIAQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 206010039921 Selenium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910016001 MoSe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000682 scanning probe acoustic microscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- XCUXGPDWBLFURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)[SeH2](C(C)C)=[Se] Chemical compound CC(C)[SeH2](C(C)C)=[Se] XCUXGPDWBLFURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010010957 Copper deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- FGPUIKFYWJXRBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxyindigane Chemical compound [In+3].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C FGPUIKFYWJXRBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFZSNLFPUAUYHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)[In](C(C)C)CC Chemical compound C(C)[In](C(C)C)CC LFZSNLFPUAUYHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl diselenide Chemical compound C[Se][Se]C VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JATWNURBVSMZNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(propan-2-yloxy)indigane Chemical compound CC(C)O[In](C)C JATWNURBVSMZNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMMJWXHSCXIWRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(dimethyl)indigane Chemical compound CC[In](C)C JMMJWXHSCXIWRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYZQZFVKWNLQFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)[SeH2](C(C)(C)C)=[Se] Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[SeH2](C(C)(C)C)=[Se] PYZQZFVKWNLQFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRWQHWUTPNNOKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)[Se][Se]C(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)[SeH2](C(C)(C)C)=[Se] Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Se][Se]C(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)[SeH2](C(C)(C)C)=[Se] RRWQHWUTPNNOKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DJJPSSQMPHHRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1-selenol Chemical compound CCCC[SeH] DJJPSSQMPHHRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000224 chemical solution deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- HYCFHRFABKKPTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(propan-2-yl)indigane Chemical compound CC(C)[In](C)C HYCFHRFABKKPTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGOGAEYHSPSTHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga]C IGOGAEYHSPSTHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZEJQLSRYARYHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylindium Chemical compound C[In]C SZEJQLSRYARYHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007737 ion beam deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- CKGXVGFLQCIASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)indigane Chemical compound CC(C)[In](C(C)C)C(C)C CKGXVGFLQCIASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIVLHVRZYONPSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylindigane Chemical compound CCCC[In](CCCC)CCCC QIVLHVRZYONPSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCXZOLDSEPCWRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxyindigane Chemical compound [In+3].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] MCXZOLDSEPCWRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTRPZROOJRIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylindigane Chemical compound CC[In](CC)CC OTRPZROOJRIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
- H01L31/0392—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
- H01L31/03923—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate including AIBIIICVI compound materials, e.g. CIS, CIGS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/072—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/305—Sulfides, selenides, or tellurides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/56—After-treatment
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02439—Materials
- H01L21/02491—Conductive materials
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02568—Chalcogenide semiconducting materials not being oxides, e.g. ternary compounds
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/032—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312
- H01L31/0322—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312 comprising only AIBIIICVI chalcopyrite compounds, e.g. Cu In Se2, Cu Ga Se2, Cu In Ga Se2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
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Description
前記基板10としては、ガラス基板が用いられ、セラミックス基板、金属基板またはポリマー基板なども用いられる。
前記下部電極層20は、前記基板10上に形成されるもので、導電層として、Moなどの金属を含むことができる。
前記CIGS光吸収層30は、前記下部電極層20上に形成されるもので、前記下部電極層20上に銅前駆体を供給して化学気相蒸着法で銅薄膜31を蒸着した後、ガリウム前駆体及びインジウム前駆体と第1セレニウム前駆体を供給して化学気相蒸着法でガリウム薄膜32及びインジウム−セレニウム薄膜33を蒸着して形成する。
前記バッファ層40は、前記CIGS光吸収層30上に少なくとも一つ以上の層で形成できる。前記バッファ層40は、スパッタリング、化学溶液法、化学気相蒸着法または原子層蒸着法などによりCdS、InS、ZnSまたはZn(O、S)などで形成できる。このとき、前記バッファ層40は、n型半導体層であり、前記CIGS光吸収層30は、p型半導体層である。したがって、前記CIGS光吸収層30及びバッファ層40は、pn接合を形成する。
前記前面電極層50は、前記バッファ層40上に形成され、前記前面電極層50は、CIGS光吸収層30とpn接合を形成するウィンドウ(window)層であり、スパッタリングなどによりZnO、アルミニウム(Al)またはアルミナ(Al2O3)でドーピングされたZnO、ITOなどで形成できる。
実施例1
ガラス(sodalime glass)基板上に製造されたMo電極をDCスパッタリングによりコーティングして約0.49μmの下部電極層を形成した。下部電極層上に、Cu前駆体としてCu(hfac)2(キャニスターの温度=40℃、供給ラインの温度=100℃、基板の温度=250℃、運搬ガス=Ar)を供給して、化学気相蒸着法でCu薄膜を0.3μmの厚さに蒸着した。その後、Ga前駆体としてトリエチルガリウム(Triethylgallium)(キャニスターの温度=10℃、供給ラインの温度=100℃、基板の温度=250℃、運搬ガス=Ar)を単独で供給して、化学気相蒸着法でGa薄膜を0.1μmの厚さに蒸着した後、In前駆体としてトリメチルインジウム(Trimethylindium)(キャニスターの温度=10℃、供給ラインの温度=100℃、基板の温度=250℃、運搬ガス=Ar)と、Se前駆体としてジエチルセレニド(Diethylselenide)(キャニスターの温度=30℃、供給ラインの温度=100℃、基板の温度=250℃、運搬ガス=Ar)と、を同時に供給して、化学気相蒸着法でIn−Se薄膜を1.1μmの厚さに蒸着した。その後、550℃で15分間熱処理して、1.5μmのCIGS光吸収層を形成した。
熱処理時間を30分に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同一の方法で太陽電池を最終製造した。
熱処理時間を45分に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同一の方法で太陽電池を最終製造した。
熱処理時間を60分に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同一の方法で太陽電池を最終製造した。
Ga薄膜の蒸着を省略したこと以外は、実施例1〜4と同一の方法で太陽電池を最終製造した。
(1)CIGS光吸収層の孔隙率測定及び平均結晶粒径の観察
実施例1によって製造された太陽電池でCIGS光吸収層の孔隙率は、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)イメージを通じて計算して測定し、その具体的な結果は、下記表1及び図4に示す。
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜4によって最終製造された太陽電池の開放電圧(VOC)を評価し、その結果は、表2及び図5に示す。
Claims (8)
- (a)基板上に下部電極層を形成するステップ;
(b)前記下部電極層上に銅前駆体を供給して化学気相蒸着法で銅薄膜を蒸着した後、ガリウム前駆体及びインジウム前駆体と第1セレニウム前駆体を供給し、化学気相蒸着法でガリウム薄膜及びインジウム−セレニウム薄膜を蒸着してCIGS光吸収層を形成するステップ;及び
(c)前記CIGS光吸収層上にバッファ層及び前面電極層を順に形成するステップを含むことを特徴とする、
太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記(b)ステップで、ガリウム前駆体及びインジウム前駆体と第1セレニウム前駆体を順に供給してガリウム薄膜を先に蒸着した後、インジウム−セレニウム薄膜を蒸着することを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記(b)ステップで、ガリウム前駆体に第2セレニウム前駆体を同時に供給してガリウム−セレニウム薄膜を蒸着することを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記(b)ステップで、ガリウム前駆体は、トリメチルガリウム(Trimethylgallium)、トリエチルガリウム(Triethylgallium)、トリイソプロピルガリウム(Triisopropylgallium)、トリブチルガリウム(Tributylgallium)、トリ−t−ブチルガリウム(Tritertiarybutylgallium)、トリメトキシガリウム(Trimethoxygallium)、トリエトキシガリウム(Triethoxygallium)、トリイソプロポキシガリウム(Triisopropoxygallium)、ジメチルイソプロポキシガリウム(Dimethylisopropoxygallium)、ジエチルイソプロポキシガリウム(Diethylisopropoxygallium)、ジメチルエチルガリウム(Dimethylethylgallium)、ジエチルメチルガリウム(Diethylmethylgallium)、ジメチルイソプロピルガリウム(Dimethylisopropylgallim)、ジエチルイソプロピルガリウム(Diethylisopropylgallium)及びジメチル−t−ブチルガリウム(Dimethyltertiarybutylgallium)からなる群より選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記(b)ステップで、ガリウム前駆体は、キャニスターの温度を−40℃〜100℃に維持し、供給ラインの温度を25℃〜200℃に維持しつつ供給されることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記(b)ステップで、第2セレニウム前駆体は、ジメチルセレニド(Dimethylselenide)、ジエチルセレニド(Diethylselenide)、ジイソプロピルセレニド(Diisopropylselenide)、ジ−t−ブチルセレニド(Ditertiarybutylselenide)、ジメチルジセレニド(Dimethyldiselenide)、ジエチルジセレニド(Diethyldiselenide)、ジイソプロピルジセレニド(Diisopropyldiselenide)、ジ−t−ブチルジセレニド(Ditertiarybutyldiselenide)、t−ブチルイソプロピルセレニド(Tertiarybuthylisopropylselenide)及びt−ブチルセレノール(Tertiarybuthylselenol)からなる群より選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記(b)ステップで、熱処理するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記熱処理は、200℃〜600℃の温度で1分〜50分間行われることを特徴とする、
請求項7に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
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JP4055053B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-26 | 2008-03-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 化合物薄膜太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
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