JP6576817B2 - 希土類元素の分離方法 - Google Patents
希土類元素の分離方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6576817B2 JP6576817B2 JP2015248136A JP2015248136A JP6576817B2 JP 6576817 B2 JP6576817 B2 JP 6576817B2 JP 2015248136 A JP2015248136 A JP 2015248136A JP 2015248136 A JP2015248136 A JP 2015248136A JP 6576817 B2 JP6576817 B2 JP 6576817B2
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- Prior art keywords
- rare earth
- organic solvent
- extraction
- earth element
- radioactive substance
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 106
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000003008 phosphonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 phosphonate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAOABCKPVCUNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methyl Nonanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCC(O)=O OAOABCKPVCUNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);lanthanum(3+);neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[La+3].[Ce+3].[Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052590 monazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
一般に、上記希土類元素は、複数種の希土類元素を含む鉱石やスラグ等の原料から、例えば溶媒抽出法等を用いて、各用途に適した希土類元素ごとに分離され、供給されている。
この希土類元素の分離方法は、複数種の希土類元素と放射性物質とを含む元液から、上記希土類元素を互いに分離するに際して、先ず図1に示すように、放射性物質の抽出除去装置1を用いて、上記放射性物質を上記元液から分離・除去した後に、この放射性物質が除去された処理後液中の上記希土類元素を、図2に示すように、抽出装置2aおよび逆抽出装置2bによって分離することによって概略構成されている。
先ず、複数種の希土類元素および放射性物質であるウラン(U)およびトリウム(Th)並びにその他不純物を含む原料に、上述した一般的な希土原料の処理法を実施して、希土類元素以外の上記その他不純物が除去された元液を得た。この元液の液組成を、図4の「元液」の欄に示す。
2a 抽出装置
2b 逆抽出装置
3、71〜7n ミキサーセトラ
4、8 有機溶媒のライン
5 有機溶媒の供給装置
6 有機溶媒の回収装置
9 無機酸の水溶液のライン
10 希土類逆抽出装置
Claims (3)
- 複数種の希土類元素と放射性物質とを含む元液から、上記希土類元素を互いに分離する方法であって、
上記元液を、リン酸エステル類、ホスホン酸エステル類、リン酸トリブチル類またはカルボン酸類の抽出剤を含む有機溶媒に接触させて、上記放射性物質を上記有機溶媒側に抽出させて上記希土類元素を含む上記元液から分離・除去する放射性物質の抽出除去工程と、この放射性物質の抽出除去工程を経た処理後液中の上記希土類元素を、溶媒抽出法によって互いに分離する希土類元素の分離工程とを備えてなり、
かつ上記放射性物質の抽出除去工程は、直列に配置された複数のミキサーセトラの一端側から他端側に向けて上記元液を流すとともに、各々の上記ミキサーセトラに上記有機溶媒を並列的に供給して、各々の上記ミキサーセトラから上記有機溶媒を回収することを特徴とする希土類元素の分離方法。 - 上記希土類元素の分離工程は、上記放射性物質の抽出除去工程を経た上記処理後液をpH4以下に保持しつつ、リン酸エステル類、ホスホン酸エステル類、リン酸トリブチル類またはカルボン酸類の上記抽出剤を含む有機溶媒を用いて上記希土類元素を分離することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の希土類元素の分離方法。
- 上記放射性物質の抽出除去工程を経た有機溶媒中に希土類元素が残存する場合に、上記有機溶媒に無機酸を接触させて逆抽出を行い、上記希土類元素の逆抽出液を上記処理後液に送ることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の希土類元素の分離方法。
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JP6576817B2 true JP6576817B2 (ja) | 2019-09-18 |
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