JP6775966B2 - 希土類元素の分離方法 - Google Patents
希土類元素の分離方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6775966B2 JP6775966B2 JP2016033007A JP2016033007A JP6775966B2 JP 6775966 B2 JP6775966 B2 JP 6775966B2 JP 2016033007 A JP2016033007 A JP 2016033007A JP 2016033007 A JP2016033007 A JP 2016033007A JP 6775966 B2 JP6775966 B2 JP 6775966B2
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- rare earth
- organic solvent
- earth elements
- earth element
- aqueous solution
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 98
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 rare earth chloride Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- CNDWHJQEGZZDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)COCC(N)=O CNDWHJQEGZZDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);lanthanum(3+);neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[La+3].[Ce+3].[Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052590 monazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxy(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)CC(CC)CCCC ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
一般的に、希土類元素の分離方法においては、複数種の希土類元素やその他不純物を含む鉱石(バネストサイト、モナザイト等)あるいはスラグ等を原料とし、これに硫酸分解法やアルカリ分解法等の処理を行い、不純物除去剤による処理によって不純物が除去された希土溶液あるいは塩化希土、水酸化希土を得て、当該不純物が除去された希土溶液あるいは塩化希土、水酸化希土を無機酸で溶解した液が原料液として用いられている。
原料として11種類(図3参照)の希土類元素およびその他不純物を含むスラグを用い、これの硫酸浸出を行って得られた浸出液に、中和剤として酸化マグネシウムを添加してpHを1〜6の間で制御することにより希土類元素以外の元素を沈殿させた。そして、これを固液分離することにより、上記その他不純物が除去された水溶液中に11種類の希土類元素を含む原料液を得た。図3の「原料液(水相)」の欄は、この原料液中に含まれる希土類元素の濃度を示すものである。
実施例1と同様にして得られた原料液に、上記移行装置1において二段のミキサーセトラ4を用いて有機溶媒と接触させることにより、上記原料液に含まれる上記希土類元素を上記有機溶媒に抽出させた。この際に、実施例と同様に、有機溶媒として酸性リン酸エステル系の抽出剤であるPC88Aをケロシンで希釈したものを用いた。
Claims (2)
- 水溶液中に複数種の希土類元素を含む原料液から前記複数種の希土類元素を分離する希土類元素の分離方法であって、
第1工程及び第2工程を備えており、
前記第1工程は、
前記原料液を有機溶媒に接触させることにより、前記複数種の希土類元素を前記水溶液から前記有機溶媒に抽出する工程Aと、
当該工程Aの後、前記複数種の希土類元素が含まれる前記有機溶媒を元液として回収する工程Bとを有しており、
前記第2工程は、前記元液に含まれる前記複数種の希土類元素同士を、溶媒抽出法により互いに分離する工程であり、
前記複数種の希土類元素は、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Er、Yb、Lu及びYのうちの複数であり、
前記第1工程において、前記有機溶媒として酸性リン酸エステル系の抽出剤を含むものを使用し、前記原料液に含まれる前記水溶液のpHを2.4以上5.0以下とし、かつ、前記工程A及び前記工程Bをミキサーセトラにより行うことにより、前記元液における前記希土類元素の濃度を前記水溶液における前記希土類元素の濃度よりも高くすることを特徴とする希土類元素の分離方法。
- 前記第2工程は、
前記元液と抽出用有機溶媒を逆抽出用水溶液に接触させることにより、前記元液中の前記希土類元素の一部を前記逆抽出用水溶液に逆抽出する工程Cと、
当該工程Cの後、前記希土類元素の一部を含む前記逆抽出用水溶液と前記希土類元素の残部を含む有機溶媒とを互いに分離する工程Dとを有しており、
前記第2工程において、前記ミキサーセトラとは別のミキサーセトラにより前記工程C及び前記工程Dを行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の希土類元素の分離方法。
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JP2016033007A JP6775966B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 | 2016-02-24 | 希土類元素の分離方法 |
PCT/JP2017/007152 WO2017146219A1 (ja) | 2016-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | 希土類元素の分離方法 |
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JP6775966B2 true JP6775966B2 (ja) | 2020-10-28 |
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WO (1) | WO2017146219A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
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US11155897B2 (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2021-10-26 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Low-cost selective precipitation circuit for recovery of rare earth elements from acid leachate of coal waste |
JP7278063B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2023-05-19 | 株式会社マキタ | 電動工具 |
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JPS5480222A (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1979-06-26 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | Yttrium separating method |
JPH05105975A (ja) * | 1991-04-11 | 1993-04-27 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 希土類元素の分離方法 |
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