JP6550627B2 - 液晶セル - Google Patents
液晶セル Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6550627B2 JP6550627B2 JP2017555549A JP2017555549A JP6550627B2 JP 6550627 B2 JP6550627 B2 JP 6550627B2 JP 2017555549 A JP2017555549 A JP 2017555549A JP 2017555549 A JP2017555549 A JP 2017555549A JP 6550627 B2 JP6550627 B2 JP 6550627B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- group
- crystal cell
- compound
- crystal layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 326
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 88
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 alkylene carbonate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- ASQQEOXYFGEFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxirane Chemical compound C1OO1 ASQQEOXYFGEFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- YTWOHSWDLJUCRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1.O=S1(=O)CCCC1 YTWOHSWDLJUCRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 115
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 34
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 0 CCC(CCC(CCC=C)=C)c(cc1)cc*1C(C(F)=C1F)=CCC1F Chemical compound CCC(CCC(CCC=C)=C)c(cc1)cc*1C(C(F)=C1F)=CCC1F 0.000 description 5
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000004983 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ Benzene hexachloride Chemical compound ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000027 (C1-C10) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000491 Polyphenylsulfone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJQMFUYBFQQAKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)ccc1OC(F)(F)F Chemical compound CCCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)ccc1OC(F)(F)F AJQMFUYBFQQAKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBZNJTPIKWQADV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)ccc1OC(F)(F)F Chemical compound CCCCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)ccc1OC(F)(F)F CBZNJTPIKWQADV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUUIOIGRSHQTRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCc(cc1)ccc1-c(ccc(C(CC1F)=CC(F)=C1F)c1F)c1F Chemical compound CCCCCc(cc1)ccc1-c(ccc(C(CC1F)=CC(F)=C1F)c1F)c1F SUUIOIGRSHQTRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002848 norbornenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/58—Dopants or charge transfer agents
- C09K19/582—Electrically active dopants, e.g. charge transfer agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/02—Liquid crystal materials characterised by optical, electrical or physical properties of the components, in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
- C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
- G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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Description
本出願は、2015年08月25日に出願された韓国特許第10−2015−0119523号公報及び2016年01月28日に出願された韓国特許第10−2016−0010835号公報に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、該当韓国特許の文献に開示されたすべての内容は本明細書の一部として組み入れるものとする。
y=1x10−7x+4x10−7≧1.0x10−5
(1)実施例及び比較例で製造された液晶組成物のボトルを常温に放置して再結晶を観測した。ボトル壁に付いた結晶が肉眼で観察される場合、液晶組成物の常温保管性が確保されないことを意味する。
O:前記観測のうち再結晶が肉眼で観察されない。
X:前記観測のうちいずれか一つでも再結晶が肉眼で観察される。
実施例及び比較例で製造された液晶セルに対して、LCR Meter(E4980A、Agilent社製)を利用し、測定周波数が60Hzで、測定電圧が0.5Vである条件で常温伝導を測定した(単位:S/m)。水平伝導度(σ//)は、垂直配向された液晶層に対して垂直電圧、すなわち、液晶層の厚さ方向に電圧を印加しながら測定し、垂直伝導度(σ⊥)は、水平配向された液晶層に対して同様に前記垂直電圧を印加して測定した。換算伝導度(単位:μS/cm)は、前記実測された伝導度を1cm2の面積及び1cmの間隔を基準として換算して求めることができる。
実施例及び比較例で製造された液晶セルに対して、上下ITO透明電極層にAC電源(周波数:60Hz)を連結して垂直電界を印加して駆動させながら、ヘイズメータ、NDH−5000SPを利用して、ASTM方式で電圧によるヘイズ及び透過率を測定した。すなわち、光を測定対象に透過させて積分球内に入射させて、この過程で、光は測定対象によって拡散光(DT、拡散して出光されたすべての光の和を意味)と平行光(PT、拡散光を排除した正面方向の出光を意味)とに分離されるが、この光は、積分球内で受光素子に集光され、集光される光を通じて前記ヘイズの測定が可能である。すなわち、前記過程による全体透過光(TT)は、前記拡散光(DT)と平行光(PT)の総和(DT+PT)であり、ヘイズは、前記全体透過光に対する拡散光の百分率(Haze(%)=100XDT/TT)で規定され得る。また、下記試験例で、全体透過率は、前記全体透過光(TT)を意味し、直進透過率は、前記平行光(PT)を意味する。
DSM(Dynamic Scattering Mode)液晶組成物の製造
10mLバイアル(vial)に、HCCH社製の液晶(HNG726200−100、誘電率異方性:−4.0、屈折率異方性:0.225)3.60g、及び液晶添加剤としてPropylene carbonate(20℃での誘電率:66.14、(David R.Lide)Handbook of Organic Solvents(CRC Press/1994.12.01))0.40g(約10重量%)を添加した後、100℃で24時間の間撹拌して液晶組成物を製造した。
セル内側にITO透明電極層及び垂直配向膜が順次に形成されて、セル間隔が9μmであるガラステストセルに毛細管現象を利用して前記製造された液晶組成物を注入して、面積2.2cmx4.0cm及び間隔9μmである液晶セルを製造した。
液晶組成物の製造において、液晶添加剤としてPropylene carbonateの代りにSulfolane(30℃での誘電率:43.26、(David R.Lide)Handbook of Organic Solvents(CRC Press/1994.12.01))0.4g(約10重量%)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方式で液晶セルを製造した。
液晶組成物の製造において、液晶添加剤としてPropylene carbonateの代りにN、N−Dimethylaniline(25℃での誘電率:4.90、 (David R.Lide)Handbook of Organic Solvents(CRC Press/1994.12.01))0.4g(約10重量%)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方式で液晶セルを製造した。
液晶組成物の製造において、液晶添加剤としてPropylene carbonateの代りにCTAB(Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide、TCI社製)0.04g(約1重量%)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方式で液晶セルを製造した。
液晶組成物の製造において、液晶添加剤としてPropylene carbonateの代りにCTAC(Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Chloride、TCI社製)0.04g(約1重量%)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方式で液晶セルを製造した。
液晶組成物の製造において、液晶添加剤としてPropylene carbonateの代りにCTAB(Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide、TCI社製)0.4g(約10重量%)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方式で液晶セルを製造した。比較例3の場合、実施例1と液晶添加剤の含量が同一であるにもかかわらず液晶媒質内でのCTABの溶解度が確保されず透明モードと散乱モードをスイッチングする液晶セルの具現に適合しない。
液晶組成物の製造において、液晶添加剤としてPropylene carbonateの代りにCTAC(Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide、TCI社製)0.4g(約10重量%)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方式で液晶セルを製造した。比較例4の場合にも、実施例1と液晶添加剤の含量が同一であるにもかかわらず液晶媒質内でのCTACの溶解性が確保されず透明モードと散乱モードをスイッチングする液晶セルの具現に適合しない。
実施例1〜実施例3及び比較例1、比較例2で製造された液晶セルに対して水平伝導度を測定し、その結果を下記表1に示した。図5には、実施例1〜実施例3の液晶添加剤の誘電率に対する液晶層の水平伝導度のグラフを示した。図5に示したように、液晶層の水平伝導度(単位:S/m)は、液晶添加剤の誘電率に対して線形的な関係を有することを確認することができる(図5においてR2は、x座標を液晶添加剤の誘電率にセッティングしてy座標を液晶層の水平伝導度にセッティングした場合、x及びy値がy=1E−07x+4E−07(y=1x10−7x+4x10−7)の式に符合する程度を示す数値であって、R2が1である場合、100%符合することを意味し、図5によれば、前記数式に98.59%符合することが分かる。)
実施例1〜3及び比較例1、比較例2で製造された液晶セルに対して電圧によるヘイズを評価した後、その結果を表1及び図6(実施例1、2)、図7(比較例1、2)に示した。
DSM(Dynamic Scattering Mode)液晶組成物の製造
10mLバイアル(vial)に液晶(HNG726200−100、HCCH社製、誘電率異方性:−4.0、屈折率異方性:0.225)3.6g、及び添加剤として反応性メソゲン(RM1)(HCM−008、HCCH社製)0.4g及び異方性染料(X12、BASF社製)0.04gを添加した後、100℃で24時間の間撹拌して液晶組成物を製造した。
ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)透明電極層と垂直配向膜が順次形成されている2枚のPC(polycarbonate)フィルムを、前記垂直配向膜が互いに対向し、間隔が約9μm程度になるように離隔配置させた後に、前記離隔配置された2枚のPCフィルムの間に製造された液晶組成物を注入し、エッジ(edge)をシーリングして面積2.2cmx4.0cm及び間隔9μmである液晶セルを製作した。前記で垂直配向膜としては、垂直配向組成物(Nissan5661)をITO透明電極層上にコーティングし、100℃以上の温度で5分以上塑性を進行させたものを使用した。
液晶添加剤の種類及び含量を下記表2のように調節したこと以外は、実施例1と同一に液晶セルを製造した。
液晶添加剤の種類及び含量を下記表3のように調節したこと以外は、実施例1と同一に液晶セルを製造した。
(Triphenyl−phosphane)
液晶添加剤の種類及び含量を下記表6のように調節し、溶けないイオン性添加剤、CTACを除去するために、0.1μmサイズのフィルターを使用してフィルター過程を追加で実行したこと以外は、実施例4と同一に実施例9の液晶セルを製造した。
1021:液晶化合物
201A、201B:基板
301A、301B:電極層
401A、401B:垂直配向膜
Claims (13)
- 外部エネルギーの印加によって透明モードと散乱モードをスイッチングし、
重合性基または架橋性基を有さない液晶化合物と、液晶添加剤とを含む、液晶層を有し、
前記液晶層の水平伝導度(σ//)は、1.0×10 −7 (S/m)以上であり、
前記液晶添加剤は、誘電率(ε)が40以上の高誘電性材料、または1つの重合性官能基もしくは1つの架橋性官能基を有する化合物である単官能性反応性メソゲンを含む、
液晶セル。 - 前記液晶化合物は、誘電率異方性が負数である
請求項1に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記高誘電性材料は、アルキレンカーボネート(alkylene carbonate)系化合物と、ガンマブチロラクトンと、ジオキシラン(dioxilane)系化合物と、スルホラン(sulfolane)系化合物とからなる群から選択される1種以上を含む、
請求項1または2に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記単官能性反応性メソゲンは、下記の化学式4から5で表される化合物を含み、
[化学式4]
X 5は、単結合か、置換または非置換された炭素原子数1から10のアルキル基か、または置換または非置換された炭素原子数1から10のアルコキシ基を表し、
L 6 からL7は、それぞれ独立的に、単結合か、置換または非置換された炭素原子数1から10のアルキレン基か、置換または非置換された炭素原子数1から10のアルケニレン基か、置換または非置換された炭素原子数1から10のアルコキシレン基か、−O−か、または−COO−を表し、
Y1からY2は、それぞれ独立的に、
水素か、
ハロゲンか、
シアノ基か、
置換または非置換された炭素原子数1から10のアルキル基か、
シアノ基と、ハロゲンと、アルケニル基とからなる群から選択された一つ以上の置換基で置換された、もしくは非置換の炭素原子数1から10のアルコキシ基を表す、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶層は、常温で再結晶を形成しない、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶層は、異方性染料をさらに含む、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶層は、ヘイズが10%未満の透明モード、及びヘイズが10%以上の散乱モードとの間をスイッチングすることができるように形成された、
請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶層は、
外部エネルギーが印加されない状態で透明モードであり、
外部エネルギーが印加される場合、散乱モードにスイッチングすることができるように形成された、
請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶化合物は、外部エネルギーが印加されない状態で垂直配向された状態で存在する、
請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶層の両側に対向配置された二つの基板をさらに含む、
請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶層の両側に対向配置された二つの垂直配向膜をさらに含む、
請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 前記液晶層の両側に配置された二つの電極層をさらに含む、
請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セル。 - 請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の液晶セルを含む、
スマートウィンドウ。
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