JP6499660B2 - 不死化ブタ肺胞マクロファージ - Google Patents
不死化ブタ肺胞マクロファージ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6499660B2 JP6499660B2 JP2016538088A JP2016538088A JP6499660B2 JP 6499660 B2 JP6499660 B2 JP 6499660B2 JP 2016538088 A JP2016538088 A JP 2016538088A JP 2016538088 A JP2016538088 A JP 2016538088A JP 6499660 B2 JP6499660 B2 JP 6499660B2
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Description
a)ブタ被験体から細胞含有気管支肺胞洗浄サンプルを得る工程、
b)該サンプルから細胞成分を分離する工程、
c)トランスポゾンを含む、そしてプロモーターの制御下でSV40 T抗原をコードする遺伝子を含むDNA分子で該細胞成分をトランスフェクトする工程、および
d)少なくとも5細胞周期にわたって培養されうる細胞を選択する工程
を含む、不死化PAMの製造方法に関する。
a)本発明の不死化PAMを培養する工程、
b)該不死化PAMをPRRSと接触させる工程、
c)PRRSVを複製させる工程、および
d)後代ウイルスを単離する工程
を含む、PRRSウイルスの複製方法に関する。
実施例1:
材料および方法
プラスミド
pPB−CAG−SV40 T Agを構築するために、プライマーSV40 Tag 5’−BII(5’−GGCGAGATCTACCATGGATAAAGTTTTAAACAG−3’)およびSV40 Tag 3’−XI(5’−GGCGCTCGAGTTATGTTTCAGGTTCAGGGG−3’)を使用するPCRによりXhoIおよびBglII部位をSV40 T Agに付加した。フュージョン(Phusion)DNAポリメラーゼを製造業者のプロトコル(New England Biolabs)に従いPCRのために使用した。該断片をpCR−Blunt(Life Technologies)内にクローニングし、配列決定により確認した。次に、SV40 T AgをpCR−Bluntから切り出し、BglII−XhoI部位を使用してpPB−CAG−EBNXN(Yusaら,2009)内にクローニングしてpPB−CAG−SV40 T Ag(図1)を得た。該最終構築物を配列決定により確認した。初代PAM細胞内へのトランスフェクションのためのプラスミドDNAをキアゲン・エンドフリー・プラスミド・マキシ・キット(Qiagen EndoFree plasmid maxi kit)(Qiagen)で単離した。
ブタ肺胞マクロファージを1〜2週齢のPRRSV陰性SPF子ブタの肺から集めた。該肺を無菌リン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)溶液で3〜5回洗浄した。洗浄流体を1000×g、4℃で10分間(10’)遠心分離して細胞をペレット化した。細胞を、50% FCS(Hyclone,Thermo Scientific)、1×非必須アミノ酸(Life Technologies)、2mM グルタミン、抗生物質および10% DMSOを含有するRPMI 1640+HEPES+GlutaMax(Life Technologies)に再懸濁させ、液体窒素中で保存した。解凍に際して、PAM細胞を培養内に加え、20% FCS(Hyclone,Thermo Scientific)、1×非必須アミノ酸(Life Technologies)、2mM グルタミン、抗生物質を含有するRPMI 1640+HEPES+GlutaMax(Life Technologies)内で37℃で5% CO2中で増殖させた。組換えヒトM−CSF(M−CSF)をR&D Systemsから購入した。PAM SVh細胞を培地+100ng/ml M−CSF(R&D Systems)内で増殖させた。
初代PAM細胞のインビトロ生存に対するM−CSFの効果を、種々の濃度のM−CSFを含有する培地内に24ウェル当たり200.000個の細胞を播くことにより調べた。各条件を二重重複して試験した。細胞を播いてから3日後および6日後、ウェルから細胞サンプルを採取し、Viacount色素(Guava Millipore)を製造業者のプロトコルに従い使用してGUAVA Easycyte plus(Guava Millipore)で生細胞数を決定した。各サンプルを2回計数した。
培養内で6日後、初代PAM細胞を集め、生細胞を計数した。この実験においては、M−CSF(100ng/ml)を培地に加えて初代PAMのインビトロ生存を促進させた。Nucleofector 4D(Lonza Cologne AG)のプログラムDN−100を使用して、トランスフェクション当たり、1.10E6個の生細胞を100μlの初代細胞バッファーP3+補足物(Lonza Cologne AG)内にトランスフェクトした。細胞を1,6μgのpPB−CAG−SV40 T Agおよび0,4μgのpPB−CMV−hyPBase(Yusaら,2011)のいずれかで、または対照としての1,6μgのpPB−CAG−EBNXNおよび0,4μgのpPB−CMV−hyPBaseでトランスフェクトした。Nucleofection pulseの投与の後、細胞を室温で10分間放置した。次に400μlのRPMI 1640(37℃)を該細胞にゆっくり加え、細胞を37℃で5分間インキュベートした。ついで細胞を注意深く再懸濁させ、20% FCS(Hyclone,Thermo Scientific)、1×非必須アミノ酸(Life Technologies)、2mM グルタミン、抗生物質および100ng/ml M−CSF(R&D Systems)を含有するRPMI 1640+HEPES+GlutaMax(Life Technologies)内に播き、37℃および5% CO2でインキュベートした。
ブタCD163に対するマウスモノクローナル抗体(クローン2A10/11,AbD Serotec)、ブタ シアロアドヘシン/p210に対するマウスモノクローナル抗体(Duanら,1998)またはFITC標識マウスIgG1アイソタイプ対照抗体(AbD Serotec)で細胞を標識した。洗浄後、細胞を抗CD163で標識し、あるいは抗シアロアドヘシン/p210抗体をFITC標識ヤギ抗マウス抗体(Lifespan Biosciences)で標識した。Becton Dickinson FACS Calibur血球計算器およびCellQuest Proソフトウェアを使用して細胞を分析した。
PRRSV複製のための基質としての初代PAM、PAM SVhまたはMARC−145細胞を比較するために、等量の細胞を12ウェル内に播いた。t=0の時点で病原性野外分離体、I型ワクチン株またはII型ワクチン株をMOI 0,001またはMOI 0,0001で細胞に感染させた。感染の数日後に上清を集め、−20℃で保存した。初代PAMおよびPAM SVh上清を初代PAM上で、そしてMARC−145上清をMARC−145上で滴定することにより、ウイルス力価を決定した。全ての滴定は二重重複で行った。力価を、Spearman−Karberの方法を用いて計算し、log10TCID50/mlとして表した。
M−CSFは初代PAMのインビトロ生存性を促進させる。
初代細胞を、M−CSFを含有する培地内で6日間増殖させ、ついで、piggyBacトランスポサーゼをコードするpPB−CMV−hyPBaseベクターと組合されたpPB−CAG−SV40 T AgまたはpPB−CAG−EBNXNでトランスフェクトした。トランスフェクションの後、細胞を増殖に関して注意深く毎日モニターし、培地に新鮮培地+100ng/ml M−CSFを定期的に補充した。pPB−CAG−EBNXNでトランスフェクトされた対照細胞においては細胞増殖は視認可能でなく、トランスフェクションの4〜5週間後に全ての細胞が死亡した。これとは対照的に、トランスフェクションの3〜4週間後、小さなコロニーがpPB−CAG−SV40 T Agトランスフェクト化細胞の培養内で成長した(図3)。これらのコロニーは増殖し続け、これらを継代して細胞数を増加させた。免疫蛍光による判定では、全ての細胞はSV40 T Ag陽性であった(非表示データ)。
Calvert,J.G.,Slade,D.E.,Shields,S.L.,Jolie,R.,Mannan,R.M.,Ankenbauer,R.G.およびWelch,S.K.(2007).CD163 expression confers susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses.J.Virol.81,7371−7379.
Delputte,P.L.,Costers,S.およびNauwynck,H.J.(2005).Analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus attachment and internalization: distinctive roles for heparan sulphate and sialoadhesin.J.Gen.Virol.86,1441−1445.
Duan,X.,Nauwynck,H.J.,Favoreel,H.W.およびPensaert,M.B.(1998).Identification of a putative receptor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on porcine alveolar macrophages.J.Virol.72,4520−4523.
Van Gorp,H.,Van Breedam,W.,Delputte,P.L.およびNauwynck,H.J.(2008).Sialoadhesin and CD163 join forces during entry of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.J.Gen.Virol.89,2943−2953.
Yusa,K.,Rad,R.,Takeda,J.およびBradley,A.(2009).Generation of transgene−free induced pluripotent mouse stem cells by the piggyBac transposon.Nat.Methods 6,363−369.
Yusa,K.,Zhou,L.,Li,M.A.,Bradley,A.およびCraig,N.L.(2011).A hyperactive piggyBac transposase for mammalian applications.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A 108,1531−1536.
Okabe M,Ikawa M,Kominami K,Nakanishi T,Nishimune Y.’Green mice’ as a source of ubiquitous green cells.FEBS Lett.1997 May 5;407(3):313−9.
Alexopoulou AN,Couchman JRおよびWhiteford JR.The CMV early enhancer/chicken beta actin (CAG) promoter can be used to drive transgene expression during the differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells into vascular progenitors.BMC Cell Biology 9: 2,2008.
Claims (12)
- ブタ生殖器呼吸器症候群ウイルス(PRRSV)に感受性であり、SV40 T抗原を発現し、トランスポゾンの使用によりSV40 T抗原をコードする遺伝子が細胞ゲノムに組込まれ、レトロウイルス遺伝子発現が可能なレトロウイルス長末端反復DNAを含まないことを特徴とする不死化ブタ肺胞マクロファージ(PAM)。
- ヒトテロメラーゼ逆転写酵素(hTERT)を含まない、請求項1に記載の不死化PAM。
- 請求項1または2に記載の不死化PAMを含む細胞培養物。
- PRRSVに感染している、請求項3に記載の細胞培養物。
- M−CSFを含む、請求項3または4に記載の細胞培養物。
- a)ブタ被験体から細胞含有気管支肺胞洗浄サンプルを得る工程、
b)該サンプルから細胞成分を分離する工程、
c)トランスポゾンを含み、適当なプロモーターの制御下でSV40 T抗原をコードする遺伝子を含むDNA分子で該細胞成分をトランスフェクトする工程、および
d)少なくとも5細胞周期にわたって培養されたPAM細胞を選択する工程
を含む、請求項1または2に記載の不死化PAMの製造方法。 - 工程d)において、少なくとも10細胞周期にわたって培養された細胞を選択する、請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- トランスフェクション工程前に細胞含有気管支肺胞洗浄サンプルおよび/または細胞成分に少なくとも5ng/mlの量のM−CSFを加える工程を含む、請求項6または7に記載の製造方法。
- 工程d)中および/または該不死化PAMの培養中に少なくとも1ng/mlの量のマクロファージコロニー刺激因子(M−CSF)を加える工程を更に含む、請求項6〜8のいずれか1項記載の製造方法。
- a)請求項1または2に記載の不死化PAMを培養する工程、
b)該不死化PAMをPRRSウイルスと接触させる工程、
c)PRRSVを複製させる工程、および、
d)後代ウイルスを単離する工程
を含む、PRRSVの複製方法。 - 請求項10に記載の方法、およびそれに続く、該ウイルスを医薬上許容される担体と混合する工程を含むことを特徴とする、PRRSVを含むワクチンの製造方法。
- PRRSVが生弱毒化または不活化形態である、請求項11に記載の製造方法。
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