JP6470734B2 - 選択的接触還元触媒システム - Google Patents
選択的接触還元触媒システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6470734B2 JP6470734B2 JP2016502085A JP2016502085A JP6470734B2 JP 6470734 B2 JP6470734 B2 JP 6470734B2 JP 2016502085 A JP2016502085 A JP 2016502085A JP 2016502085 A JP2016502085 A JP 2016502085A JP 6470734 B2 JP6470734 B2 JP 6470734B2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 51
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- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 22
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/066—Zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
特定の実施形態において、金属酸化物として算出される金属交換8環細孔分子篩の促進剤金属(例えば、Cu)含有量は、少なくとも約2重量%、さらにより具体的には少なくとも約2.5重量%、及びさらにより特定の実施形態において、少なくとも約3重量%である(揮発性なしの基準で報告される)。さらにより特定の実施形態において、金属酸化物として算出される金属交換8環細孔分子篩の金属(例えば、Cu)含有量は、焼成された分子篩の総重量に基づいて最大約8重量%の範囲内である(揮発性なしの基準で報告される)。したがって、特定の実施形態において、Cu、Fe、Co、Ce、及びNiから選択された金属で促進され、金属酸化物として算出される8環細孔分子篩の範囲は、酸化物基準で報告された各々の場合に、約2〜約8重量%、より具体的には約2〜約5重量%、さらにより具体的には約2.5〜約3.5重量%である。
排気ガス処理システム:
本発明は、ここで、以下の実施例を参照しながら説明される。本発明のいくつかの例示的な実施形態を説明する前に、本発明は以下の説明に記載した構成またはプロセスステップの詳細に限定されないことを理解されたい。本発明は、他の実施形態であることも可能であり、様々な方法で実行または実施することができる。
バナジア−チタニア触媒
標準バナジア/チタニア/タングステン(V2O5(2.5%)/WO3(10%)/TiO2)触媒を調製し、スラリーを、粉砕してウォッシュコートスラリーを提供することにより、約30〜40%の固形で作製した。
CuCHA(SSZ−13)粉末触媒を、400mLの銅(II)、約1.0Mの酢酸溶液とともに、30のシリカ/アルミナのモル比を有する100gのNa形態CHAを混合することによって調整した。pHを硝酸で約3.5に調整した。Na形態CHAと銅イオンとの間のイオン交換反応を、約80℃で約1時間スラリーを撹拌することによって実施した。次いで、結果として得られた混合物を濾過し、濾過ケーキを提供し、濾過ケーキを、濾液が透明無色になるまで3回に分けて脱イオン水で洗浄し、洗浄された試料を乾燥させた。
上で説明されたスラリーを、400cpsi(平方インチ当たりのセル)のセル密度及び4ミルの壁厚を有する、奥行き12インチ×全長6インチのセルラセラミック基材上に個別にコーティングした。コーティングされた基材を、110℃で3時間乾燥させ、約400℃で1時間焼成した。コーティングプロセスを、バナジア−チタニアコーティングされたコア上で3g/in3、及びCuCHAコーティングされたコア上で2.1g/in3の範囲内で目標ウォッシュコート荷重を得るために、もう一度繰り返した。試料を、大型車両用ディーゼルエンジン試験セル上、200時間550℃で老化させた。
両基材を同じ荷重でCuCHAでコーティングすることを除いて、実施例2を繰り返した。
実施例3及び4の触媒システムを、電動モータリング動力計と共に、9L大型車両用エンジン上で試験した。試験ベンチは、定常状態及び過渡試験サイクルの両方を実行することが可能である。現在の業務において、大型車両用過渡試験サイクル(HDTP)及び非道路過渡試験サイクル(NRTC)の両方を実行した。触媒試料は全長12インチの直径部分(400/4)であり、これは、評価前に老化させた200時間、550℃のエンジンであった。12インチ×6インチCu−CHAレンガ上流の12インチ×6インチV−SCRレンガの横方向ゾーン化システムの利点を実証するために、参照シーケンシャル12インチ×6インチCu+12インチ×6インチCu SCRシステムも評価した。このような比較研究では、第1のSCR触媒レンガのみがV−SCRとCu−SCRとの間で切り換えられ、第2のSCRレンガ、尿素注入システム、試料プローブの位置などの他のシステムを同じ状態に維持した。
実施例1のウォッシュコートを利用し、図3に関して説明したように、積層構成において単一の基材上にコーティングした。以下の試料について、以下のように階層化を変化させた。
比較試料5B 底部コートCuCHA2.1g/in3、頂部コート0.2g/in3チタニア
試料5C CuCHA底部コート-CuCHA2.1g/in3、頂部コート0.1g/in3バナジアチタニア
試料5D CuCHA底部コート2.1g/in3、頂部コート0.2g/in3バナジアチタニア
試料5E CuCHA底部コート2.1g/in3、頂部コート0.5g/in3バナジア−チタニア
試料5F CuCHA底部コート2.1g/in3、頂部コート1g/in3バナジアチタニア
新たな触媒コアの窒素酸化物選択的接触還元(SCR)効率及び選択性を、1インチDx3インチのL触媒コアを含有する定常状態反応器に対してN2と均衡の取れた、500ppmのNO、500ppmのNH3、10%のO2、5%のH2Oの供給ガス混合物を添加することにより測定した。反応を、80,000時間−1の空間速度で、150℃〜460℃の温度範囲において実施した。
図10及び図11は、1つ以上の実施形態に従う、システムの動的応答挙動の改善を示す。図10及び図11は、コンピュータモデルを使用して調製した。システム内の個々の成分の性能を説明するための、実験室反応物及びエンジン実験室DeNOx性能測定は、使用されるコンピュータモデルの入力である。図10の実施例は、模倣/尿素投与の開始前に貯蔵されたアンモニア用いずに新たなシステムで得られた時間の関数として、DeNOx性能を示す。SCRシステムに基づくCu−SSZ13システム及びバナジアは、バナジア/Cu−SSZ−13ハイブリッドシステムと比較される。SCR触媒に基づくバナジアを、モデル化されたハイブリッドシステム内の50/50のサイズ比を有するCu−SSZ13触媒の前に置いた。排気温度225℃での低温動作及び10%のNO2/NOx比での500ppmのNOx入口濃度での500001/時間の空間速度を比較のために使用した。これらのSCR入口条件は、SCR前にまたはSCRのみのシステム内で、酸化システムにおいて低い貴金属負荷で、エンジン用途で操作されたシステムについて典型的なものとして見ることができる。NSRを、研究されたシステムの相対的に高速な最大DeNOx性能に到達するために、1.1で選んだ。Cu−SSZ13システムは、投与の700秒後により高いDeNOx性能に到達するが、0秒での投与の開始後のDeNOx応答挙動は、異なる評価を有する。バナジアに基づくSCRシステムの応答は、Cu−SSZ13システムと比較して、投与開始後のDeNOx増加に対して相対的により速い(例えば、最大350秒)。Cu−SSZ13と組み合わせたハイブリッドシステムバナジアに基づくSCRは、バナジアに基づくSCRの動的応答挙動に近く、図10に示されるように(例えば1000秒後)、より高いDeNOx定常状態性能を達成するという利点を有する。
Claims (15)
- 選択的接触還元(SCR)触媒システムであって、前記システム内に配置された第1のSCR触媒組成物及び第2のSCR触媒組成物を含み、前記第1のSCR触媒組成物は、前記第2のSCR触媒組成物よりも高いN2形成及び低いN2O形成を促進し、前記第2のSCR触媒組成物は、前記第1のSCR触媒組成物とは異なる組成を有し、前記第2のSCR触媒組成物は、前記第1のSCR触媒組成物よりも低いN2形成及び高いN2O形成を促進し、前記第1のSCR触媒組成物及び前記第2のSCR触媒組成物は、前記第1のSCR触媒組成物が前記第2のSCR触媒組成物の上に積層する積層関係にある、前記選択的接触還元(SCR)触媒システム。
- 第1のSCR触媒組成物が、混合酸化物を含む、請求項1に記載の前記SCR触媒システム。
- 前記混合酸化物が、Fe/チタニア、Fe/アルミナ、Mg/チタニア、Cu/チタニア、Ce/Zr、バナジア/チタニア、及びこれらの混合物から選択される、請求項2に記載の前記SCR触媒システム。
- 前記混合酸化物が、バナジア/チタニアを含む、請求項2または3に記載の前記SCR触媒システム。
- 前記バナジア/チタニアが、タングステンで安定化される、請求項3または4に記載の前記SCR触媒システム。
- 前記第2のSCR触媒が、金属交換8環細孔分子篩を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の前記SCR触媒システム。
- 基材上に配設されたバナジア/チタニアを含む第1のSCR触媒組成物と、基材上に配設された金属交換8環細孔分子篩を含む第2のSCR触媒組成物と、を含む選択的接触還元(SCR)触媒システムであって、前記第1のSCR触媒組成物及び前記第2のSCR触媒組成物は、前記第1のSCR触媒組成物が前記第2のSCR触媒組成物の上に積層する積層関係にある、前記選択的接触還元(SCR)触媒システム。
- 前記分子篩が、AEI、AFT、AFX、CHA、EAB、ERI、KFI、LEV、SAS、SAT、DDR、及びSAVからなる群から選択される構造型を有する、請求項6または7に記載の前記SCR触媒システム。
- 前記分子篩がアルミノシリケートゼオライトであり、CHA構造型を有する、請求項6〜8のいずれか一項に記載の前記SCR触媒システム。
- 前記ゼオライトが、SSZ−13及びSSZ−62から選択される、請求項9に記載の前記触媒。
- 前記金属が、Cu、Fe、Co、Ce、及びNiからなる群から選択される、請求項6〜10のいずれか一項に記載の前記触媒システム。
- 前記金属が、Cuから選択され、2〜8重量%の範囲で交換される、請求項6〜11のいずれか一項に記載の前記触媒システム。
- バナジア/チタニアが、前記金属交換8環細孔分子篩よりも高いN2形成及び低いN2O形成を促進し、前記金属交換8環細孔分子篩が、前記バナジア/チタニアよりも低いN2形成及び高いN2O形成を促進し、前記金属交換8環細孔分子篩が、前記バナジア/チタニアよりも高いアンモニア貯蔵容量を有する、請求項7に記載の前記触媒システム。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の前記触媒システム、希薄燃焼エンジン、及び前記希薄燃焼エンジンと流体連通している排気ガス導管を備え、前記触媒システムが前記エンジンの下流にある、希薄燃焼エンジンの排気ガス処理システム。
- 希薄燃焼エンジンからの排気ガスから窒素酸化物を除去する方法であって、排気ガス流を請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の前記触媒システムと接触させることを含む、前記方法。
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KR20130097076A (ko) | 2010-04-20 | 2013-09-02 | 우미코레 아게 운트 코 카게 | 배기 가스 중의 질소 산화물을 선택적으로 촉매 환원시키기 위한 신규한 혼합된 산화물 물질 |
CN103260752B (zh) * | 2010-12-27 | 2015-06-17 | 恩亿凯嘉股份有限公司 | 选择还原型催化剂、以及使用其的废气净化装置和废气净化方法 |
GB2493449B (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2014-01-15 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Extruded honeycomb catalyst |
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- 2014-03-13 JP JP2016502085A patent/JP6470734B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-13 KR KR1020157024468A patent/KR102280961B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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ZA201507599B (en) | 2017-11-29 |
KR20150128698A (ko) | 2015-11-18 |
WO2014160289A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
US9017626B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
US20140301923A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
KR102280961B1 (ko) | 2021-07-26 |
BR112015022271A2 (pt) | 2019-09-10 |
RU2015143694A (ru) | 2017-04-20 |
JP2016517348A (ja) | 2016-06-16 |
CA2900291A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
CN105026038A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
MX2015011264A (es) | 2016-04-28 |
CN105026038B (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
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