JP6449246B2 - 抗ムスカリン化合物の粒径の低減 - Google Patents
抗ムスカリン化合物の粒径の低減 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6449246B2 JP6449246B2 JP2016509457A JP2016509457A JP6449246B2 JP 6449246 B2 JP6449246 B2 JP 6449246B2 JP 2016509457 A JP2016509457 A JP 2016509457A JP 2016509457 A JP2016509457 A JP 2016509457A JP 6449246 B2 JP6449246 B2 JP 6449246B2
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- glycopyrronium
- drug
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、抗ムスカリン性薬物の微粒子化粒子を調製する方法に関する。前記粒子は、呼吸器疾患の予防および/または治療目的の医薬製剤、好ましくは、乾燥粉末製剤の調製における使用に適している。
抗ムスカリン活性を具える、水溶性の第四級アンモニウム化合物は、保管中に不可逆的に凝塊形成する傾向があることが知られており、これは、微粒子化後の水分の吸収、ならびに、それに引き続く、高エネルギー微粒子化工程によって生じた、表面の非晶質物の再結晶化に因る、隣接微粒子間の結晶架橋の形成が起因となっている。この問題は、薬物の物理的ならびに化学的な安定性、また、続く製剤における性能にも、悪影響を及ぼす。
第1の形態において、本発明は、グリコピロニウムの薬学的に許容される塩の微粒子化粒子を調製する方法であって、
該方法は、下記の工程を有する:
室温および大気圧で液体であり、15を下回る誘電率と1.3〜2g/cm2の密度を有する、水非混和性炭化水素またはその誘導体(貧溶媒)を、必要に応じて粉砕媒体を収納している、湿式粉砕装置の微粒子化チャンバー中に送り込む工程、
前記貧溶媒中に、該グリコピロニウム塩の粒子を懸濁させる工程、
200kPaまたはそれ以下の圧力で、前記懸濁粒子を微粒子化する工程、
必要に応じて、得られた微粒子化粒子を乾燥させる工程;
それによって、前記粒子の少なくとも90%が、10ミクロン未満の直径を有する、
ことを特徴とする、方法に関する。
用語「微粒子化」は、固体材料の粒子の平均粒径を低減少させる工程をさす。通常、用語、微粒子化は、製造される粒子が、その直径がわずか数ミクロンである際に、使用される。従来の微粒子化技術は、粒径を低減させるための、摩擦の使用に基づいている。そのような手法には、粉砕ならびに摩砕が含まれる。粒径の低減は、また、衝突ならびに衝撃の結果としても起こり得る。
本発明は、グリコピロニウムの薬学的に許容される塩の微粒子化粒子を調製する方法を目的とする。
いくつかの実施態様では、第1の貧溶媒を、微粒子化工程において使用し、そして、第2の貧溶媒を任意に使用することができる。この観点で、前記方法では、微粒子化された薬物粒子を洗浄するために、第2の貧溶媒が使用される、洗浄工程を、さらに含むことができる。好ましくは、洗浄工程で使用される第2の貧溶媒は、比較的高い蒸気圧を有するので、比較的に低い温度、例えば35℃未満の温度で、乾燥する間に除去することができる。換言すれば、第2の貧溶媒は、比較的低い温度(例えば35℃未満)で、乾燥する間に除去することができるように、比較的に揮発性であるべきである。
例1. 2H,3H−デカフルオロペンタン中の湿ビーズ粉砕を使用する、rac−グリコピロニウム ブロミドの微粒子化粉末の調製
粒の粗いrac−グリコピロニウム ブロミドが、貧溶媒としての2H,3H−デカフルオロペンタン中に懸濁され(100:1 w/v比)、該縣濁液中に、ジルコニア粉砕媒体を加え、薬物/粉砕媒体の比を、1:40 w/wとした。得られた懸濁液を、次いで、WO2007/020407A2中に開示されている遊星ミル装置内に投入し、該試料を、周囲温度および1バール(100kPa)の下、200rpmの回転速度、60分間の加工時間を用いて、加工した。後工程として、得られた懸濁液をナイロンフィルターに通し、粒の粗い粉砕媒体を除去し、得られた流動物を金属トレイの上に分注して、微粉層を作製した。その後、周囲温度で4〜6時間静置し、溶媒を蒸発させて、微細な流動性の粉末を残し、次いで、粒の粗い凝塊を分離するために、100μmメッシュに通した。得られる物質は、その後、以下に記載する分析試験を適用して、物理的形状の完全性を検査した。
走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)による検査では、粒の粗いrac−グリコピロニウム ブロミドは、約30〜100μmのふぞろいな結晶として観測された。均質化の工程の間に、製品の品質および粒径は、大きくてふぞろいな寸法の結晶粒から、明らかに5μmを下回る平均寸法を有する、よりきめが細かい板状晶様粒子への、グリコピロニウム塩の形態の変化を伴う、急激な変化をしめす。微粒子化および乾燥の後、レーザー光回折による粒径解析により、シンパテック乾式分散サイズアナライザーを用いて測定される、1.85μmのd(v0.5)を有する、微粒子化工程は良い結果を示していることが、再度、査証されている。
α-ラクトース一水和物 SpheroLac 100(Meggle)と、98:2重量%の比率のステアリン酸マグネシウムを、ジェットミル装置内で共粉砕した(以下、プレ混合物と記す)。その後、このプレ混合物を、Turbulaミキサー中で、4時間、32rpmで、α−ラクトース一水和物CapsuLac(212〜355ミクロン)と混合した(以下、キャリアと記す)。例1で得られた微粒子化rac−グリコピロニウム ブロミドを、そのキャリアに添加し、Turbulaミキサー中で、2時間、32rpmで混合し、10mgのキャリアに対して、12.5μgの活性成分の比率とした(混合物A)。
粒の粗いrac−グリコピロニウム ブロミドが、貧溶媒としてのジクロロメタン中に懸濁され(100:1 w/v比)、該縣濁液中に、ジルコニア粉砕媒体を加え、薬物/粉砕媒体の比を、1:40 w/wとした。得られた懸濁液を、次いで、WO2007/020407A2中に開示されている遊星ミル装置内に投入し、該試料を、周囲温度および1バール(100kPa)の下、60分間の加工時間、加工した。後工程として、得られた懸濁液をナイロンフィルターに通し、粒の粗い粉砕媒体を除去し、そして、得られた流動物を金属トレイの上に分注して、微粉層を作製した。その後、周囲温度で静置し、乾燥させて、微細な流動性の粉末を残し、次いで、粒の粗い凝塊を分離するために、100μmメッシュに通した。
例1および4に記載されたものと同じ手順を用いて、粒の粗いrac−グリコピロニウム ブロミドを、パーフルオロヘプタンの異性体の混合物中に懸濁させた。45分の加工時間の後、微粒子化物質の粒径を、シンパテック乾式分散サイズアナライザーを用いて測定した。語粒度分布(PSD)に関して、結果が表6に報告されている。
アセトン中に、粒の粗い粗rac−グリコピロニウム ブロミドを懸濁させ、そして、該縣濁液中に、ジルコニア粉砕媒体を加えて、薬物/粉砕媒体の比を、1:40 w/wとした。容器を密封し、そして、WO2007/020407A2に開示されている遊星ミル装置の中、周囲温度および大気圧で、200rpmのディスク速度で、60分間、懸濁液を均質化した。60分後、ナイロンメッシュに通して濾過することで、粉砕媒体から、得られる薬物懸濁液を分離し、そして、得られる薬物懸濁液を乾燥トレイ中に載せる。次いで、乾固するまで、25℃、低真空下で、溶媒を蒸発させることで、白色からオフホワイト色のケークが得られるが、該ケークは、機械的な撹拌下では、再分散させることができず、そして、さらに加工をすることができなかった。
Claims (10)
- グリコピロニウムの薬学的に許容される塩の微粒子化粒子を調製する方法であって、
該方法は、下記の工程を有する:
該グリコピロニウムの薬学的に許容される塩は、1mg/mL未満の溶解度しか有していない、水非混和性貧溶媒を、粉砕媒体を収納している、湿式粉砕装置の微粒子化チャンバー中に送り込む工程、
前記水非混和性貧溶媒は、
室温および大気圧(20℃、1気圧)で液体である、ハロアルカン;あるいは、
15を下回る誘電率と1.3〜2g/cm3の密度を有する、室温および大気圧(20℃、1気圧)で液体である、フルオロアルカンまたはヒドロフルオロアルカンから、選択され;
前記水非混和性貧溶媒中に、該グリコピロニウム塩の粒子を懸濁させる工程、
該グリコピロニウム塩の粒子/貧溶媒の比率は、50:1 w/v〜150:1 w/vの範囲に選択され;
50kPa〜200kPaの範囲に選択される、加工圧力で、前記懸濁粒子を微粒子化する工程;
40℃未満の温度で、真空乾燥または噴霧乾燥によって、得られた微粒子化粒子を乾燥させる工程;
それによって、前記得られた微粒子化粒子は、下記の特性を有する:
該得られた微粒子化粒子は、0.5〜1.5の凝集−接着平衡(cohesive-adhesive balance:CAB)値を有し;
該得られた微粒子化粒子は、グリコピロニウムの薬学的に許容される塩以外の物質を含まず;
該得られた微粒子化粒子の少なくとも90%が、10μm未満の直径を有しており;
該得られた微粒子化粒子のd(v0.5)は、1〜4.5μmの範囲内にあり;
該得られた微粒子化粒子の比表面積は、3〜6m2/gの範囲にあり;そして、
該得られた微粒子化粒子は、安定であり、凝塊形成および/または団粒形成を起こし難い、
ことを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記得られた微粒子化粒子を回収する工程をさらに含む、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記薬学的に許容される塩が、有機塩または無機塩である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 前記無機塩が、フッ化物、塩化物、臭化物、ヨウ化物、リン酸塩、硝酸塩、および硫酸塩からなる群から選択される、
ことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記グリコピロニウムが、臭化物塩の形状である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。 - 前記グリコピロニウムが、鏡像異性体(3S,2’R)、(3R,2’S)のラセミ混合物の形状である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記貧溶媒が、室温および大気圧において液体である、ハロアルカンである、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記貧溶媒が、フルオロアルカンまたはヒドロフルオロアルカンである、
ことを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記貧溶媒が、パーフルオロデカン、デカフルオロペンタン、および2H,3H−デカフルオロペンタンからなる群から選択される、
ことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 微粒子化された薬物粒子の洗浄に、第2の貧溶媒を用いる、洗浄工程をさらに含む、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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US5399363A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1995-03-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Surface modified anticancer nanoparticles |
HUT70952A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1995-11-28 | Eastman Kodak Co | Surface modified nanoparticles based on nosteroidal inflammatory drugs, process for preparing them and pharmaceutical compns. contg. them |
GB0008660D0 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2000-05-31 | Arakis Ltd | The treatment of respiratory diseases |
EP1562551A1 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2005-08-17 | E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Media milling using nonspherical grinding media |
GB0321607D0 (en) | 2003-09-15 | 2003-10-15 | Vectura Ltd | Manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions |
GB0409703D0 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2004-06-02 | Vectura Ltd | Pharmaceutical compositions |
GB0516549D0 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-09-21 | Sulaiman Brian | Milling system |
GB0613161D0 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-08-09 | Novartis Ag | Organic Compounds |
BRPI0821186A2 (pt) | 2007-12-13 | 2015-06-16 | Novartis Ag | Compostos orgânicos |
KR20100095587A (ko) * | 2007-12-13 | 2010-08-31 | 노파르티스 아게 | 유기 화합물 |
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EP3090792A1 (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2016-11-09 | Prosonix Limited | Process for improving crystallinity |
AU2010253776B2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2015-01-22 | Pearl Therapeutics, Inc. | Compositions for pulmonary delivery of long-acting muscarinic antagonists and long-acting B2 adrenergic receptor agonists and associated methods and systems |
JP2014504260A (ja) * | 2010-10-15 | 2014-02-20 | グラクソ グループ リミテッド | 集合ナノ粒子状薬物製剤、その製造及び使用 |
US9393202B2 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-07-19 | Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A | Particle size reduction of an antimuscarinic compound |
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