JP6424851B2 - 内燃機関の燃焼室構造 - Google Patents
内燃機関の燃焼室構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6424851B2 JP6424851B2 JP2016039119A JP2016039119A JP6424851B2 JP 6424851 B2 JP6424851 B2 JP 6424851B2 JP 2016039119 A JP2016039119 A JP 2016039119A JP 2016039119 A JP2016039119 A JP 2016039119A JP 6424851 B2 JP6424851 B2 JP 6424851B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1212—Zeolites, glasses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/122—Inorganic polymers, e.g. silanes, polysilazanes, polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
- C25D11/246—Chemical after-treatment for sealing layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0603—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
- F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0603—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
- F02B2023/0606—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head the material being a catalyst
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0603—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
- F02B2023/0609—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head the material being a porous medium, e.g. sintered metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
- F02F3/14—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads within combustion chambers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
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- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
先ず、図1乃至図4を参照して、本発明の実施の形態1に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。
次に、図5乃至図6を参照して、本発明の実施の形態2に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、ピストンの頂面の形状および遮熱膜SRAの形成領域において上記実施の形態1に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、図7乃至図8を参照して、本発明の実施の形態3に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、遮熱膜SRAの形成領域において上記実施の形態2に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、図9を参照して、本発明の実施の形態4に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、遮熱膜SRAの形成領域において上記実施の形態1に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、図10を参照して、本発明の実施の形態5に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、上記実施の形態4同様、筒内にスワールが生成される内燃機関を前提としており、また、遮熱膜SRAの形成領域において上記実施の形態2に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、図11を参照して、本発明の実施の形態6に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、上記実施の形態4同様、筒内にスワールが生成される内燃機関を前提としており、また、遮熱膜SRAの形成領域において上記実施の形態3に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、図12乃至図13を参照して、本発明の実施の形態7に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、シリンダヘッドの底面に形成する遮熱膜の種類において上記実施の形態1に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、図14乃至図15を参照して、本発明の実施の形態8に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、シリンダヘッドの底面に形成する遮熱膜の種類において上記実施の形態2に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、図16を参照して、本発明の実施の形態9に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、シリンダヘッドの底面に形成する遮熱膜SRZの領域において上記実施の形態7に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
最後に、図17乃至図18を参照して、本発明の実施の形態10に係る内燃機関の燃焼室構造について説明する。なお、本実施の形態に係る燃焼室構造は、ピストンの頂面に形成する遮熱膜の種類において上記実施の形態7に係る燃焼室構造と異なることから、以下においてはこの相違点を中心に説明する。
12,32,42,48,52,58,76 ピストン
12a,32a,42a,48a,52a,58a,76a 頂面
14 シリンダブロック
14a ボア面
18,66,70 シリンダヘッド
18a,66a,70a,72a 底面
20,34,44,50,60,78 キャビティ
20a,34a,44a,50a,54a,60a,78a 底面
20b,34b,44b,50b,54b,60b,78b 側面
22 燃料噴射弁
36,46,56,62 テーパ面
AX 軸線
L1,L2 境界線
PA,SRA,TSZ,SRZ 遮熱膜
PD 投影面
SW スワール
Claims (7)
- 母材よりも低い熱伝導率と単位体積当たりの熱容量とを有し、表面に細孔を有する単一種類の多孔質の遮熱膜が頂面に形成されたピストンと、前記頂面に向けて燃料を直接噴射する燃料噴射弁と、を備える内燃機関の燃焼室構造であって、
前記遮熱膜の表面は、前記燃料噴射弁からの燃料が直接衝突する領域を含み前記表面の細孔を塞ぐシリカ膜で覆われた封孔領域と、前記封孔領域以外の領域であって前記表面の細孔が露出する露出領域と、を備えることを特徴とする内燃機関の燃焼室構造。 - 前記燃料噴射弁は、放射状に設けられた複数の噴孔を備え、
前記封孔領域は、前記ピストンが圧縮上死点に位置する場合において前記噴孔の各中心を通って燃料噴射方向に延びる直線が前記表面と交わる点を含むように形成されたものであり、
前記封孔領域のうちの隣り合う2つの領域が、前記露出領域によって隔てられて互いに非接続とされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の燃焼室構造。 - 前記内燃機関は、筒内にスワールが生成されるように構成され、
前記燃料噴射弁は、放射状に設けられた複数の噴孔を備え、
前記封孔領域は、前記ピストンが圧縮上死点に位置する場合において前記噴孔の各中心を通って燃料噴射方向に延びる直線が前記表面と交わる点から、最高出力を発生するエンジン回転速度において前記筒内に生成するスワールの流れ方向にオフセットされた点を含むように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の燃焼室構造。 - 前記ピストンは、前記頂面の中央部にキャビティを備え、
前記キャビティは、底面と、前記底面と前記頂面との両方に繋がる側面と、を備え、
前記封孔領域が、前記側面に設けられることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3何れか1項に記載の内燃機関の燃焼室構造。 - 前記頂面は、前記頂面と前記側面の間に、前記頂面から前記側面に向かうほど径が縮小するテーパ面を備え、
前記封孔領域が、前記側面と前記テーパ面の両方に跨って設けられることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の内燃機関の燃焼室構造。 - 前記封孔領域が、前記底面、前記側面および前記テーパ面に跨り、尚且つ、前記燃料噴射弁の噴孔の中心を通って燃料噴射方向に延びる直線に沿って設けられることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の内燃機関の燃焼室構造。
- 前記封孔領域が、前記燃料の着火により生成する初期火炎が接触することで前記表面のうち最も高温化する領域であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5何れか1項に記載の内燃機関の燃焼室構造。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2016039119A JP6424851B2 (ja) | 2016-03-01 | 2016-03-01 | 内燃機関の燃焼室構造 |
DE102017203107.7A DE102017203107B4 (de) | 2016-03-01 | 2017-02-27 | Brennkammer einer maschine mit interner verbrennung |
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JP2016039119A JP6424851B2 (ja) | 2016-03-01 | 2016-03-01 | 内燃機関の燃焼室構造 |
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JP2017155639A JP2017155639A (ja) | 2017-09-07 |
JP6424851B2 true JP6424851B2 (ja) | 2018-11-21 |
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DE102017221733A1 (de) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-06 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Schichtstapel zur Anordnung in einem Brennraum einer Verbrennungsmaschine, insbesondere eines Kolbens, sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
JP2019143497A (ja) | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 圧縮自着火式内燃機関 |
JP7084234B2 (ja) | 2018-07-04 | 2022-06-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関 |
JP2020007977A (ja) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 圧縮自着火式内燃機関 |
JP7348100B2 (ja) | 2020-02-18 | 2023-09-20 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | 遮熱膜部材 |
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JP2643121B2 (ja) * | 1986-04-11 | 1997-08-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | デイーゼルエンジンピストン |
JPH0158717U (ja) * | 1987-10-07 | 1989-04-12 | ||
JP2008215244A (ja) | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の燃焼室 |
JP2011220207A (ja) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-11-04 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関およびピストン作製方法 |
JP5642640B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-12 | 2014-12-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関とその製造方法 |
JP6232954B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-12 | 2017-11-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関 |
JP6052142B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-12-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の遮熱膜の形成方法 |
JP6070631B2 (ja) | 2014-05-23 | 2017-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関のピストン |
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