JP6369419B2 - 歩行訓練装置、及びその作動方法 - Google Patents
歩行訓練装置、及びその作動方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6369419B2 JP6369419B2 JP2015157349A JP2015157349A JP6369419B2 JP 6369419 B2 JP6369419 B2 JP 6369419B2 JP 2015157349 A JP2015157349 A JP 2015157349A JP 2015157349 A JP2015157349 A JP 2015157349A JP 6369419 B2 JP6369419 B2 JP 6369419B2
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- Prior art keywords
- walking
- leg
- user
- pulling
- swinging
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 81
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000000544 articulatio talocruralis Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
一方で、このような負担を軽減するために、単に引張手段の引張力を増加させることが考えられるが、この場合、脚部が浮き易くなり、足部の接地が不安定となり安定した歩行訓練を妨げる。
この一態様において、前記脚部を、直接的に、又は歩行補助装置を介して、上方かつ後方に引張する第2引張手段を更に備え、前記制御手段は、前記第1及び第2引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分の合力が前記歩行補助装置の重量を低減するように前記第1及び第2引張手段を制御しており、前記関節角度検出手段および撮像手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記合力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させるように前記第1及び第2引張手段を制御してもよい。この一態様によれば、第1及び第2引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分と水平前方成分を独立して精密に制御できる。このため、歩行補助装置の重力負荷を軽減しつつ、歩行補助装置が装着された脚部の振出し開始時または振り出している期間においてその脚部にかかる負担をより最適に軽減できる。
この一態様において、ユーザが搭乗して歩行訓練を実施するためのトレッドミルと、前記トレッドミルの速度を検出する速度検出手段と、を更に備え、前記制御手段は、前記関節角度検出手段、前記撮像手段、および前記速度検出手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記第1引張手段に前記引張力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させてもよい。この一態様によれば、関節角度検出手段、撮像手段、および速度検出手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、振出し開始時または振り出している期間を検出でき、歩行補助装置が装着された脚部の振出し開始時または振り出している期間に、その脚部にかかる負担を軽減できる。
この一態様において、ユーザが搭乗して歩行訓練を実施するためのトレッドミルと、前記トレッドミルの速度を検出する速度検出手段と、を更に備え、前記制御手段は、前記関節角度検出手段、前記撮像手段、および前記速度検出手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記合力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させるように前記第1及び第2引張手段を制御してもよい。この一態様によれば、関節角度検出手段、撮像手段、および速度検出手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、振出し開始時または振り出している期間を検出でき、さらに、歩行補助装置が装着された脚部の振出し開始時または振り出している期間に、第1及び第2引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分と水平前方成分を独立して精密に制御し、その脚部にかかる負担をより軽減できる。
上記目的を達成するための本発明の一態様は、ユーザの脚部に装着され、該ユーザの歩行を補助する歩行補助装置と、前記脚部を、直接的に、又は前記歩行補助装置を介して、上方かつ前方に引張する第1引張手段と、前記第1引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分が前記歩行補助装置の重量を低減するように前記第1引張手段を制御する制御手段と、を備える歩行訓練装置の歩行訓練方法であって、前記歩行補助装置に設けられた関節角度検出手段、又は、ユーザの脚部を撮像する撮像手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記第1引張手段に前記引張力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させる、ことを特徴とする歩行訓練方法であってもよい。この一態様によれば、歩行補助装置が装着された脚部の振出し開始時または振り出している期間に、その脚部にかかる負担を軽減できる。
図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る歩行訓練装置の概略的な構成を示す斜視図である。本実施形態に係る歩行訓練装置1は、例えば、脳卒中片麻痺患者などのユーザの歩行訓練を行うための装置である。歩行訓練装置1は、ユーザの脚部に装着された歩行補助装置2と、ユーザの歩行訓練を行う訓練装置3と、を備えている。
制御装置35は、例えば、第1引張部33を制御する脚部免荷制御ユニット351と、第2引張部34を制御する人免荷制御ユニット352と、歩行補助装置2を制御する脚部制御ユニット353と、トレッドミル31を制御するトレッドミル制御ユニット354と、これらユニットを制御するコンピュータ(PersonalComputer)355と、コンピュータ355を操作するための操作パネル356と、から構成されている。操作パネル356は、訓練指示、訓練メニュー、訓練情報(歩行速度、生体情報等)などの情報を表示する。操作パネル356は、例えば、タッチパネルとして構成されており、ユーザは操作パネル356を介して各種の情報(第1及び第2引張部33、34の引張力など)を入力できる。
動作検出部357は、例えば、足裏の荷重分布の時間変化に基づいて、歩行補助装置2が装着された脚部の前方への振出し開始を検出する(ステップS101)。
引張力計算部358は、振出し開始検出後、所定時間経過すると、通常の引張力指令値を第1引張部33に出力する(ステップS104)。
さらに、振出し開始時に第1引張部33による引張力fを増加させる。これにより、振出し開始時における歩行補助装置2からの慣性力の負荷を軽減し、その振出し開始時における脚部の負担を軽減できる。
これにより、振出し期間(振り出している期間)において、その振出し方向に継続して通常よりも大きな引張力を付加することができる。したがって、慣性力に負荷だけなく、振出し動作全体の負担を軽減できる。
Claims (5)
- ユーザの脚部に装着され、該ユーザの歩行を補助する歩行補助装置と、
前記脚部を、直接的に、又は前記歩行補助装置を介して、上方かつ前方に引張する第1引張手段と、
前記第1引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分が前記歩行補助装置の重量を低減するように前記第1引張手段を制御する制御手段と、
を備える歩行訓練装置であって、
前記歩行補助装置に設けられた関節角度検出手段、又は、ユーザの脚部を撮像する撮像手段と、を更に備え、
前記制御手段は、
前記関節角度検出手段および前記撮像手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記歩行補助装置からの後方への慣性力を軽減するように、前記第1引張手段に前記引張力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させる、
ことを特徴とする歩行訓練装置。 - 請求項1記載の歩行訓練装置であって、
前記脚部を、直接的に、又は歩行補助装置を介して、上方かつ後方に引張する第2引張手段を更に備え、
前記制御手段は、
前記第1及び第2引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分の合力が前記歩行補助装置の重量を低減するように前記第1及び第2引張手段を制御しており、
前記第1及び第2引張手段による引張力の水平前方成分の合力が前記脚部の前方への振り出しを補助するように前記第1及び第2引張手段を制御しており、
前記第1及び第2引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分と水平前方成分を独立して制御し、
前記関節角度検出手段および撮像手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記鉛直上方成分の合力に加えて、前記歩行補助装置からの後方への慣性力を軽減するように、前記追加の引張力を発生させ前記水平前方成分の合力が増加するように前記第1及び第2引張手段を制御する、
ことを特徴とする歩行訓練装置。 - 請求項1記載の歩行訓練装置であって、
ユーザが搭乗して歩行訓練を実施するためのトレッドミルと、
前記トレッドミルの速度を検出する速度検出手段と、を更に備え、
前記制御手段は、
前記関節角度検出手段、前記撮像手段、および前記速度検出手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記第1引張手段に前記引張力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させる
ことを特徴とする歩行訓練装置。 - 請求項2記載の歩行訓練装置であって、
ユーザが搭乗して歩行訓練を実施するためのトレッドミルと、
前記トレッドミルの速度を検出する速度検出手段と、を更に備え、
前記制御手段は、
前記関節角度検出手段、前記撮像手段、および前記速度検出手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記合力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させるように前記第1及び第2引張手段を制御する、
ことを特徴とする歩行訓練装置。 - ユーザの脚部に装着され、該ユーザの歩行を補助する歩行補助装置と、
前記脚部を、直接的に、又は前記歩行補助装置を介して、上方かつ前方に引張する第1引張手段と、
前記第1引張手段による引張力の鉛直上方成分が前記歩行補助装置の重量を低減するように前記第1引張手段を制御する制御手段と、
を備える歩行訓練装置の作動方法であって、
前記制御手段が、前記歩行補助装置に設けられた関節角度検出手段、又は、ユーザの脚部を撮像する撮像手段の少なくとも何れかによって検出された情報を用いて、ユーザの歩行動作における前記脚部の前方への振り出しの開始時または振り出している期間において、前記歩行補助装置からの後方への慣性力を軽減するように、前記第1引張手段に前記引張力に加えて追加の引張力を発生させる、
ことを特徴とする作動方法。
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