JP6328046B2 - リッチバーン排ガスからのアンモニア排出を減少させるための触媒 - Google Patents
リッチバーン排ガスからのアンモニア排出を減少させるための触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6328046B2 JP6328046B2 JP2014503653A JP2014503653A JP6328046B2 JP 6328046 B2 JP6328046 B2 JP 6328046B2 JP 2014503653 A JP2014503653 A JP 2014503653A JP 2014503653 A JP2014503653 A JP 2014503653A JP 6328046 B2 JP6328046 B2 JP 6328046B2
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- catalyst
- molecular sieve
- catalyst layer
- gas
- exhaust gas
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 245
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 33
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 119
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 79
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 51
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0246—Coatings comprising a zeolite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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- B01D2255/9022—Two layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
(i)蒸気処理および酸または錯化剤、例えば(EDTA−エチレンジアミン四酢酸)を使用する酸抽出;酸および/または錯化剤による処理;SiCl4のガス流による処理(モレキュラーシーブフレームワーク中のAlをSiと置き換える);による脱アルミニウム、
(ii)陽イオン交換−多価陽イオン、例えばLaの使用;ならびに
(iii)亜リン酸含有化合物の使用(例えば米国特許第5,958,818号明細書を参照されたい)。
を含む。
Claims (9)
- (a)第1担体とその上に配された三元触媒を含む第1成分であって、第2担体とその上に配されたアンモニア酸化触媒を含む第2成分の上流に該第2成分と流体連通して配された第1成分を含み、該アンモニア酸化触媒が、セリウム、コバルト、銅、鉄、マンガン、およびニッケル並びにこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の遷移金属を担持する小細孔モレキュラーシーブを含む第1触媒層を有し、該第1触媒層は、ルテニウム(Ru)、ロジウム(Rh)、パラジウム(Pd)、レニウム(Re)、イリジウム(Ir)、および白金(Pt)を除く、
(b)前記第1成分と第2成分との間に配された酸素含有ガスのインプットを含む、
450−650℃の範囲内の温度でリッチバーン排ガス中のアンモニア(NH 3 )をアンモニア酸化触媒と反応させることによりリッチバーン排ガスからのアンモニア(NH3)排出を減少させるシステムであって、
前記アンモニア酸化触媒が、白金族金属を含む第2触媒層をさらに含み、前記第1触媒層が第2触媒層に対して、排ガスが、第2触媒層に接触する前に、第1触媒層に接触するように配される、システム。 - (c)リッチバーン燃焼過程に由来する排気ガスを含み、第1成分の上流にあり、該第1成分と流体連通する、第1のガス供給流と、
(d)第1成分と第2成分との間に第1成分と第2成分とに流体連通して配され、該酸素含有ガスのインプットと流体連通している導管
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記酸素含有ガスのインプットが、第2のガス供給流を含む、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記小細孔モレキュラーシーブが、アルミノケイ酸塩モレキュラーシーブ、金属置換アルミノケイ酸塩モレキュラーシーブ、アルミノリン酸塩(AlPO)モレキュラーシーブ、金属置換アルミノリン酸塩(MeAlPO)モレキュラーシーブ、シリコ−アルミノリン酸塩(SAPO)モレキュラーシーブ、および金属置換シリコ−アルミノリン酸塩(MeAPSO)モレキュラーシーブ、並びにこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記小細孔モレキュラーシーブが、CHA、LEV、ERI、AEI、UFI、およびDDR、並びにこれらの混合物および/または連晶からなるフレームワークタイプの群から選択される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 酸素含有ガスを、NH3を含みラムダ<1であるリッチバーン排ガス流に導入し、酸素化ガス流を提供するステップと、
前記酸素化ガス流を、セリウム、コバルト、銅、鉄、マンガン、およびニッケル並びにこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の遷移金属を担持する少なくとも1つの小細孔モレキュラーシーブを含む第1触媒層を有するアンモニア酸化触媒に450−650℃の範囲内の温度で曝露し、NH3の少なくとも一部をN2に選択的に酸化するステップを含み、該少なくとも1種の遷移金属は、ルテニウム(Ru)、ロジウム(Rh)、パラジウム(Pd)、レニウム(Re)、イリジウム(Ir)、および白金(Pt)を除く、
450−650℃の範囲内の温度でリッチバーン排ガスからのアンモニア(NH3)排出を減少させる方法であって、
前記アンモニア酸化触媒が、白金族金属を含む第2触媒層をさらに含み、前記第1触媒層が第2触媒層に対して、排ガスが、第2触媒層に接触する前に、第1触媒層に接触するように配される、方法。 - 酸素含有ガス導入ステップの上流に、
リッチバーン排ガスを、窒素酸化物(NOX)、炭化水素(HC)および一酸化炭素(CO)を変換するための三元触媒に曝露し、NH3を含みラムダ<1であるガス流を生成するステップ
をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記酸素含有ガスを導入し、約2:1から約1:1のO2:NH3比を有する酸素化ガス流を生成する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- (a)(i)細孔を画定し、原子位置を有するフレームワークを含む小細孔モレキュラーシーブ、および(ii)少なくとも1つの前記原子位置に配置された原子形態であり、少なくとも1つの前記細孔に自由に存在する酸化物形態である、セリウム、コバルト、銅、鉄、マンガン、およびニッケル並びにこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の遷移金属を含む第1触媒層を有する触媒組成物であって、該第1触媒層は、ルテニウム(Ru)、ロジウム(Rh)、パラジウム(Pd)、レニウム(Re)、イリジウム(Ir)、および白金(Pt)を除く、
(b)前記触媒が配置された担体
を含む、触媒体であって、
450−650℃の範囲内の温度でリッチバーン排ガスの触媒変換により発生したアンモニアを酸化するように適合され、前記触媒組成物が白金族金属を含む第2触媒層をさらに含み、前記第1触媒層が第2触媒層上に配される、
触媒体。
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US13/083,154 US8101146B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Catalysts for the reduction of ammonia emission from rich-burn exhaust |
US13/083,154 | 2011-04-08 | ||
PCT/US2012/022191 WO2012138405A1 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-01-23 | Catalysts for the reduction of ammonia emission from rich-burn exhaust |
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CN103547358A (zh) | 2014-01-29 |
US8101146B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 |
KR20190131130A (ko) | 2019-11-25 |
RU2593293C2 (ru) | 2016-08-10 |
JP2014515701A (ja) | 2014-07-03 |
CN108380207A (zh) | 2018-08-10 |
BR112013025988A2 (pt) | 2016-12-20 |
RU2013149864A (ru) | 2015-05-20 |
KR102047049B1 (ko) | 2019-11-20 |
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