JP6326693B2 - 光学素子 - Google Patents
光学素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6326693B2 JP6326693B2 JP2016525065A JP2016525065A JP6326693B2 JP 6326693 B2 JP6326693 B2 JP 6326693B2 JP 2016525065 A JP2016525065 A JP 2016525065A JP 2016525065 A JP2016525065 A JP 2016525065A JP 6326693 B2 JP6326693 B2 JP 6326693B2
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- liquid crystal
- optical element
- oxide layer
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- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 98
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 150
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 370
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 50
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- UWCWUCKPEYNDNV-LBPRGKRZSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-n-[[(2s)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl]aniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NC[C@H]1NCCC1 UWCWUCKPEYNDNV-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 for example Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017399 Caesalpinia tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004976 Lyotropic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000491 Polyphenylsulfone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000388430 Tara Species 0.000 description 2
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002848 norbornenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005553 polystyrene-acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SOGFHWHHBILCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-J prop-2-enoate silicon(4+) Chemical compound [Si+4].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C SOGFHWHHBILCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ Benzene hexachloride Chemical compound ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/02—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes
- B60J7/04—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with rigid plate-like element or elements, e.g. open roofs with harmonica-type folding rigid panels
- B60J7/043—Sunroofs e.g. sliding above the roof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/281—Interference filters designed for the infrared light
- G02B5/282—Interference filters designed for the infrared light reflecting for infrared and transparent for visible light, e.g. heat reflectors, laser protection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3075—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state for use in the UV
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
-
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Description
複合層の製造
ガラス基板上に、RF Sputter方式を利用して、CeO2を35nmの厚さで蒸着して、第1金属酸化物層を形成した。前記第1金属酸化物層上に、DC sputter方式を利用して、1.5W/cm2及び3mTorrの条件で、Agからなった金属層を10nmの厚さで蒸着し、前記金属層上に第2金属酸化物層としてGaをドーピングした酸化亜鉛層(GZO)を45nmの厚さで蒸着して、複合層を製造した。
下記方法によって図3の構造のサンルーフ用光学素子を製造した。公知の吸収型線形偏光層101上に、OCA層301(DAIO Paper社のEW1501−D1−UV)を通じて前記製造された複合層の第1酸化物層がOCA表面に接するように複合層103Aを積層し、その後、前記複合層の第2酸化物層上に、液晶化合物(HPC21600、HCCH社製)及び前記液晶化合物100重量部に対して二色性色素(X12、BASF社製)を1〜3重量部の割合で含む液晶層102を形成した後、前記製造された他の一つの複合層の第2酸化物層が液晶層に接するように複合層103Bを積層して、光学素子を製造した。前記液晶層の光軸は、液晶層の平面に対して約0度〜15度の傾斜角を成すように、すなわち、液晶化合物及び/または二色性色素が水平配向するように形成し、液晶層の光軸は、前記吸収型線形偏光層の吸収軸と約90度の角度を成すように形成した。
複合層として下記製造された複合層を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方法を実行して実施例2のサンルーフを製造した。
ガラス基板上に、RF Sputter方式を利用して、CeO2を30nmの厚さで蒸着して、第1金属酸化物層を形成した。前記第1金属酸化物層上に、DC sputter方式を利用して、1.5W/cm2及び3mTorrの条件で、Agからなった金属層を10nmの厚さで蒸着し、前記金属層上に第2金属酸化物層としてAlをドーピングした酸化亜鉛層(AZO)を50nmの厚さで蒸着して、複合層を製造した。
複合層としてITO透明電極層を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方法を実行して比較例1のサンルーフを製造した。
複合層として下記製造された複合層を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一な方法を実行して比較例2のサンルーフを製造した。
ガラス基板上に、RF Sputter方式を利用して、CeO2を35nmの厚さで蒸着して、第1金属酸化物層を形成した。前記第1金属酸化物層上に、DC sputter方式で、0.5W/cm2及び15mTorrの条件で、Agを10nmの厚さで蒸着して金属層を形成した後、前記金属層上に、前記金属層上に第2金属酸化物層としてGaをドーピングした酸化亜鉛層(GZO)を45nmの厚さで蒸着して、複合層を製造した。
複合層の製造時に、第1金属酸化物層を10nmで形成し、第2金属酸化物層の厚さを80nmで形成したこと以外は、実施例2と同一な方法を実行して比較例3のサンルーフを製造した。
実施例1で製造された光学素子に対して、液晶層の厚さを各々10μm及び15μmで形成し、複合層に垂直電界を印加することができる電源を連結した後、駆動電圧による光学素子の約550nmの光に対する透過度をヘーズメーターNDH 5000SP[製造社:Nippon Denshoku(JAPAN)]装置を利用して測定し、その結果を図4に示した。図4に示したように、電圧が印加されない状態では、低い透過度を示すことを確認することができ、電圧が印加されるほど液晶化合物及び二色性色素が垂直整列状態に変換されながら透過度が増加することを確認することができる。
実施例及び比較例で製造された光学素子に対して、電圧が印加されない状態で透過度及び反射度を測定した。具体的に、Solid Spec−3700[製造社:shimadzu(JAPAN)]装置を利用して測定し、その結果を図5(実施例1)及び図6(比較例1)に各々示した。図5及び図6に示したように、本発明の複合層を透明電極層で使用した実施例の光学素子は、ITO透明電極層を使用した比較例1の光学素子に比べて、可視光領域では光透過率が類似であるが、赤外線領域では顕著に低い光透過率を示すことを確認することができる。
実施例1及び比較例2で製造された金属層に対して、屈折率による屈折率及び吸収係数を評価し、その結果を図7に示した。図7で、nは、金属層の光の波長による屈折率を意味し、λは、光の波長を意味し、kは、金属層の光の波長による吸収係数を意味する。図7に示したように、同一な厚さで金属層を形成しても金属層の形成条件によって屈折率及び吸収係数が相異なっていることを確認することができる。
実施例1及び実施例2と同一に光変調装置を製造するが、第1金属酸化物層及び第2金属酸化物層の屈折率を変化させながら、屈折率による複合層の550nm波長の光に対する透過率を評価し、その結果を図8に示した。図8に示したように、複合層の光透過率は、第1金属酸化物層及び第2金属酸化物層の屈折率により影響を受けることを確認することができる。特に、第1金属酸化物層及び第2金属酸化物層の屈折率範囲が本発明の範囲内に属する場合、550nm波長の光に対して約80%以上の優秀な光透過率を示すことを確認することができる。
102:液晶層
103A、103B:複合層
201A、201B:紫外線遮断層
301:OCA層
Claims (17)
- 偏光層;前記偏光層上に形成され、液晶化合物と二色性色素とを含む液晶層;及び前記液晶層と隣接して存在し、順次形成された第1酸化物層、金属層及び第2酸化物層を含む複合層を含み、前記液晶層の液晶化合物の配向方向が前記複合層により印加される信号によって変更されることができるように設置されており、前記複合層は、780nmの波長の光の透過率は70%以下であり、550nmの波長の光の透過率は80%以上であり、前記第1酸化物層の屈折率が前記第2酸化物層の屈折率に比べて高くて、前記金属層の屈折率が前記第2酸化物層の屈折率に比べて低く、550nmの波長の光に対して前記第1酸化物層の屈折率は1.5超〜2.8の範囲内であり、第2酸化物層の屈折率は1.5〜2.5の範囲内である光学素子。
- 初期状態で液晶層は、光軸が液晶層の平面に対して、0度〜90度の傾斜角を成すように配向された状態で存在する請求項1に記載の光学素子。
- 初期状態で液晶層は、光軸が偏光板の吸収軸方向と0度〜90度範囲内の角度を成すように配向された状態で存在する請求項1または2に記載の光学素子。
- 液晶化合物及び二色性色素は、外部信号の印加によって配向がスイッチング可能に液晶層内に存在する請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 液晶層と隣接して存在する配向層をさらに含む請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 液晶層は、外部信号の印加によって可視光領域の透過率が20%以上の透過モードと可視光領域の透過率が3%以下の遮断モードの間をスイッチングすることができるように配置されている請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 二色性色素は、二色比が5〜20の範囲内である請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 複合層は、面抵抗が20Ω/□以下である請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 金属層は、550nmの波長に対する屈折率が0.1〜1の範囲内にある請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 金属層は、厚さが5nm〜20nmの範囲内にある請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 金属層は、面抵抗値が20Ω/□以下の伝導性金属を含む請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 第1酸化物層は、厚さが20nm〜60nmの範囲内であり、第2酸化物層は、厚さが10nm〜100nmの範囲内である請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 第2酸化物層は、比抵抗値が1.0x10−5Ωcm〜1.0x105Ωcmの範囲内にある請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 第1酸化物層及び第2酸化物層は、各々アンチモン(Sb)、バリウム(Ba)、ガリウム(Ga)、ゲルマニウム(Ge)、ハフニウム(Hf)、インジウム(In)、ランタン(La)、マグネシウム(Mg)、セレン(Se)、珪素(Si)、タンタル(Ta)、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、イットリウム(Y)、亜鉛(Zn)及びジルコニウム(Zr)からなる群より選択される1種以上を含む金属を含む金属酸化物層である請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 前記第2酸化物層は、ガリウム(Ga)、アルミニウム(Al)、ジルコニウム(Zr)、チタン(Ti)、ニオブ(Nb)、タンタル(Ta)、インジウム(In)及びバナジウム(V)からなる群より選択される1種以上の第2金属をさらに含む請求項14に記載の光学素子。
- 第2酸化物層が第1酸化物層に比べて液晶層に隣接して存在する請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の光学素子を含むサンルーフ。
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KR101630119B1 (ko) | 2016-06-13 |
CN105874379B (zh) | 2019-10-01 |
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JP2017508169A (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
US9904129B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 |
US9958742B2 (en) | 2018-05-01 |
EP3115834A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
JP2017508997A (ja) | 2017-03-30 |
KR101630118B1 (ko) | 2016-06-13 |
TW201539097A (zh) | 2015-10-16 |
TWI536087B (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
CN105723275B (zh) | 2019-06-11 |
US20160291357A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
KR20150105266A (ko) | 2015-09-16 |
EP3115832B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
KR20150105249A (ko) | 2015-09-16 |
EP3115834B1 (en) | 2019-01-30 |
EP3115832A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
EP3115832A4 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
JP6450998B2 (ja) | 2019-01-16 |
EP3115834A4 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
CN105723275A (zh) | 2016-06-29 |
TWI599814B (zh) | 2017-09-21 |
TW201602678A (zh) | 2016-01-16 |
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