JP6234962B2 - 抗ephb4抗体およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
抗ephb4抗体およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6234962B2 JP6234962B2 JP2015106157A JP2015106157A JP6234962B2 JP 6234962 B2 JP6234962 B2 JP 6234962B2 JP 2015106157 A JP2015106157 A JP 2015106157A JP 2015106157 A JP2015106157 A JP 2015106157A JP 6234962 B2 JP6234962 B2 JP 6234962B2
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Description
この出願は、米国特許法§119の下、2006年1月5日に出願された米国仮出願第60/756,889号および2006年1月20日に出願された米国仮出願第60/760,892号(これらの全体の内容は、参考として本明細書に援用される)への優先権を主張する。
本発明は一般的に分子生物学の分野に関する。より詳細には、本発明は抗EphB4抗体及びその使用に関する。
Res.56:921−24(1996)))し、そして、虚血性網膜症外のモデルにおいても眼内脈管形成を抑制している(Adamis等、Arch.Ophthalmol.114:66−71(1996))。従って、抗VEGFモノクローナル抗体又は他のVEGF作用の抑制剤は腫瘍及び種々の眼内血管新生障害の治療のための有望な候補である。そのような抗体は例えば、1998年1月14日に公開されたEP817,648;及び共に1998年10月15日に公開されたWO98/45331及びWO98/45332に記載されている。1つの抗VEGF抗体であるベバシツマブは、転移結腸直腸癌(CRC)を治療するための化学療法プログラムと組み合わせた使用に関してFDAに認可されている。そしてベバシツマブは種々の癌の適応症を治療するために多くの進行中の臨床治験において調査されている。
1つの特徴において、本発明はEphB4のリガンド結合領域に結合する単離された抗体を提供する。一部の実施形態においては、単離された抗体はEphB4細胞外ドメインを含むか、これよりなるか、本質的にこれよりなるポリペプチドに結合する。
(a)以下:
(i)配列A1−A11を含むHVR−L1、ここでA1−A11はRASQDVSTAVA(配列番号9)であるもの、
(ii)配列B1−B7を含むHVR−L2、ここでB1−B7はSASFLYS(配列番号11)であるもの、
(iii)配列C1−C9を含むHVR−L3、ここでC1−C9はQESTTTPPT(配列番号15)であるもの、
(iv)配列D1−D10を含むHVR−H1、ここでD1−D10はGFSISNYYLH(配列番号2)であるもの、
(v)配列E1−E18を含むHVR−H2、ここでE1−E18はGGIYLYGSSSEYADSVKG(配列番号4)であるもの、及び、
(vi)配列F1−F17を含むHVR−H3、ここでF1−F17はARGSGLRLGGLDYAMDY(配列番号7)であるもの、
からなる群より選択される超可変領域(HVR)配列少なくとも1、2、3、4又は5つ;及び、
(b)変異体HVR少なくとも1つ、ここで変異体HVR配列は配列番号1〜17に示す配列の残基少なくとも1つの修飾を含むもの;
を含む。
(i)配列番号2の配列を含むHVR−H1配列;
(ii)配列番号4の配列を含むHVR−H2配列;
(iii)配列番号7の配列を含むHVR−H3配列;
の少なくとも1つ、少なくとも2つ又は3つ全てを含む抗体を提供する。
(i)配列番号9の配列を含むHVR−L1配列;
(ii)配列番号11の配列を含むHVR−L2配列;
(iii)配列番号15の配列を含むHVR−L3配列;
の少なくとも1つ、少なくとも2つ又は3つ全てを含む抗体を提供する。
例えば、本発明は、以下の項目を提供する:
(項目1)
以下:
(a)以下:
(i)配列A1−A11を含むHVR−L1、ここでA1−A11はRASQDVSTAVA(配列番号9)であるもの、
(ii)配列B1−B7を含むHVR−L2、ここでB1−B7はSASFLYS(配列番号11)であるもの、
(iii)配列C1−C9を含むHVR−L3、ここでC1−C9はQESTTTPPT(配列番号15)であるもの、
(iv)配列D1−D10を含むHVR−H1、ここでD1−D10はGFSISNYYLH(配列番号2)であるもの、
(v)配列E1−E18を含むHVR−H2、ここでE1−E18はGGIYLYGSSSEYADSVKG(配列番号4)であるもの、及び、
(vi)配列F1−F17を含むHVR−H3、ここでF1−F17はARGSGLRLGGLDYAMDY(配列番号7)であるもの、
からなる群より選択される超可変領域(HVR)配列少なくとも1、2、3、4又は5つ;及び、
(b)変異体HVR少なくとも1つ、ここで該変異体HVRの配列は配列番号1〜17に示す配列の残基少なくとも1つの修飾を含むもの;
を含む単離された抗EphB抗体。
(項目2)
HVR−L1変異体が以下の位置:A6(V又はS)、A7(S又はE)、A8(T又はI)、A9(A又はF)及びA10(V又はL)の何れかの組み合わせにおいて1〜5(1、2、3、4又は5)置換を含む項目1記載の抗体。
(項目3)
HVR−L2変異体が以下の位置:B4(F又はN)及びB6(Y又はE)の何れかの組み合わせにおいて1〜2(1又は2)置換を含む項目1記載の抗体。
(項目4)
HVR−L3変異体が以下の位置:C2(Q、E又はK)、C3(S又はT)、C4(Y、N、T、E又はA)、C5(T、A又はQ)、C6(T、V又はI)、C8(P、L又はE)及びC9(T又はS)の何れかの組み合わせにおいて1〜7(1、2、3、4、5、6又は7)置換を含む項目1記載の抗体。
(項目5)
HVR−H1変異体が以下の位置:D3(T又はS)、D6(G又はN)及びD9(I又はL)の何れかの組み合わせにおいて1〜3(1、2又は3)置換を含む項目1記載の抗体。
(項目6)
HVR−H2変異体が以下の位置:E5(P又はL)、E7(S又はG)、E8(G又はS)、E10(T、S又はR)及びE11(D、E又はG)の何れかの組み合わせにおいて1〜5(1、2、3、4又は5)置換を含む項目1記載の抗体。
(項目7)
HVR−H3変異体が以下の位置:F3(G又はS)において1置換を含む項目1記載の抗体。
(項目8)
1、2、3、4、5又は6つのHVRを含む単離された抗EphB4抗体であって、各HVRが配列番号1〜17からなる群より選択される配列を含むか、これよりなるか、本質的にこれよりなるものであり、そして配列番号9又は10がHVR−L1に相当し、配列番号11又は12がHVR−L2に相当し、配列番号13、14、15、16又は17がHVR−L3に相当し、配列番号1又は2がHVR−H1に相当し、配列番号3、4、5又は6がHVR−H2に相当し、そして配列番号7又は8がHVR−H3に相当する、単離された抗EphB4抗体。
(項目9)
上記抗体がHVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含み、各々が順に配列番号9、11、13、1、3及び7を含む項目8記載の抗体。
(項目10)
上記抗体がHVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含み、各々が順に配列番号10、12、14、1、3及び8を含む項目8記載の抗体。
(項目11)
上記抗体がHVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含み、各々が順に配列番号9、11、15、2、4及び7を含む項目8記載の抗体。
(項目12)
上記抗体がHVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含み、各々が順に配列番号9、11、16、1、5及び7を含む項目8記載の抗体。
(項目13)
上記抗体がHVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含み、各々が順に配列番号9、11、17、1、6及び7を含む項目8記載の抗体。
(項目14)
フレームワーク配列の少なくとも一部分がヒトコンセンサスフレームワーク配列である項目1〜13の何れかに記載の抗体。
(項目15)
上記修飾が置換、挿入又は欠失である項目1記載の抗体。
(項目16)
上記抗体がヒトκサブグループコンセンサスフレームワーク配列を含む項目1〜15の何れかに記載の抗体。
(項目17)
上記抗体が重鎖ヒトサブグループIIIコンセンサスフレームワーク配列を含む項目1〜15の何れかに記載の抗体。
(項目18)
上記抗体が73、73又は78位の1つ以上において置換を含む項目17記載の抗体。
(項目19)
上記置換がR71A、N73T又はN78Aの1つ以上である項目18記載の抗体。
(項目20)
項目1〜19に記載の何れかの抗体をコードするポリヌクレオチド。
(項目21)
項目20に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むベクター。
(項目22)
上記ベクターが発現ベクターである項目21記載のベクター。
(項目23)
項目21又は22に記載のベクターを含む、宿主細胞
(項目24)
上記宿主細胞が原核生物である項目23記載の宿主細胞。
(項目25)
上記宿主細胞が真核生物である項目23記載の宿主細胞。
(項目26)
上記宿主細胞が哺乳類細胞である項目25記載の宿主細胞。
(項目27)
抗EphB4抗体を作製するための方法であって、該方法が(a)適当な宿主細胞内で項目22のベクターを発現させること、及び(b)該抗体を回収することを含む、方法。
(項目28)
抗EphB4イムノコンジュゲートを作成するための方法であって、該方法が(a)適当な宿主細胞内で項目22のベクターを発現させること、及び(b)該抗体を回収することを含む、方法。
(項目29)
上記宿主細胞が原核生物である項目27又は28記載の方法。
(項目30)
上記宿主細胞が真核生物である項目27又は28記載の方法。
(項目31)
EphB4の検出のための方法であって、該方法が生物学的試料中のEphB4−抗EphB4抗体複合体を検出することを含み、ここで該複合体中の該抗EphB4抗体は項目1〜19の何れかの抗EphB4抗体である、方法。
(項目32)
EphB4発現に関連する疾患を診断するための方法であって、該方法が該疾患を有するかまたは有することが疑われる患者に由来する生物学的試料中のEphB4−抗EphB4抗体複合体を検出することを含み、ここで該複合体中の該抗EphB4抗体は項目1〜19の何れかに記載の抗EphB4抗体である、方法。
(項目33)
上記抗EphB4抗体が検出可能に標識される項目31〜32の何れかに記載の方法。
(項目34)
項目1〜19の何れかに記載の抗EphB4抗体を含む組成物。
(項目35)
項目20〜22の何れかに記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む組成物。
(項目36)
さらに担体を含む項目34又は35記載の組成物。
(項目37)
脈管形成を抑制する方法であって、そのような治療を要する対象に項目1〜19の何れかに記載の抗EphB4抗体の有効量を投与することを含む、方法。
(項目38)
有効量の抗脈管形成剤を上記対象に投与することを更に含む、項目37記載の方法。
(項目39)
上記抗脈管形成剤を上記抗EphB4抗体の投与の前又は後に投与する、項目38記載の方法。
(項目40)
上記抗脈管形成剤を上記抗EphB4抗体と同時に投与する項目38記載の方法。
(項目41)
上記抗脈管形成剤が血管内皮細胞成長因子(VEGF)である項目38〜40の何れかに記載の方法。
(項目42)
上記VEGF拮抗剤が抗VEGF抗体である項目41記載の方法。
(項目43)
上記抗VEGF抗体がベバシズマブである項目42記載の方法。
(項目44)
有効量の化学療法剤を投与することを更に含む項目37〜43の何れかに記載の方法。
(項目45)
癌、腫瘍及び/又は細胞増殖性疾患を治療する方法であって、そのような治療を要する対象に項目1〜19の何れかに記載の抗EphB4抗体の有効量を投与することを含む、方法。
(項目46)
疾患の治療的及び/又は予防的処置のための医薬の製造における項目1〜19の何れかの抗EphB4抗体の使用。
本発明は本明細書において例えばEphB4の発現及び/又は活性、例えば増大した発現及び/又は活性又は望ましくない発現及び/又は活性に関連する疾患状態の治療又は防止のために有用な抗EphB4抗体を提供する。一部の実施形態においては、本発明の抗体は腫瘍、癌及び/又は細胞増殖性障害を治療するために使用される。
全般的手法
本明細書に記載又は参照した手法及び操作法は一般的に、当業者により、十分理解されており、そして従来の方法論、例えばSambrook等、Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual 3rd.edition(2001)Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold Spring Harbor,N.Y.CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY(F.M.Ausubel等、編(2003));シリーズMETHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY(Academic Press,Inc.):PCR2:A PRACTICAL APPROACH(M.J.MacPherson,B.D.Hames and G.R.Taylor eds.(1995)),Harlow and Lane,eds.(1988)ANTIBODIES,A LABORATORY MANUAL,and ANIMAL CELL CULTURE(R.I.Freshney編(1987))に記載の方法論を用いながら共通して使用されている。
定義
「単離された」抗体とは、その天然の環境の成分から発見され、そして分離及び/又は回収されたものである。その天然の環境の夾雑物成分は抗体の診断又は治療上の使用に干渉する可能性があり、そして、酵素、ホルモン及び他の蛋白性又は非蛋白性の溶質を包含する。好ましい実施形態においては抗体の精製は(1)Lowry法で測定した場合に抗体95重量%超、最も好ましくは99重量%超まで、(2)スピニングカップシーケンサーの使用によりN末端又は内部のアミノ酸配列の少なくとも15残基を得るために十分な程度まで、又は(3)クーマシーブルー又は好ましくは銀染色を用いた還元又は非還元条件下のSDS−PAGEで均質となるまで行う。単離された抗体は、抗体の天然の環境の少なくとも1つの成分も存在しなくなるため、組み換え細胞内のインサイチュの抗体を包含する。しかしながら通常は単離された抗体は少なくとも1つの精製工程により製造する。
al.,(1999)J.Mol Biol 293:865−881を参照できる。上記した表面プラズモン共鳴試験によるonの速度が106M−1S−1を超過する場合は、on速度は、攪拌赤色キュベットを有するストップフロー装着分光光度計(Aviv
Instrument)又は8000シリーズSLM−Aminco分光光度計(ThermoSpectronic)のような分光計において測定した場合の抗原の漸増濃度の存在下PBSpH7.2中20nM抗抗原抗体(Fab型)の25℃における蛍光発光強度の増大又は低減を測定する蛍光クエンチングの手法(励起=295nm、発光=340nm、16nmバンドパス)により測定することができる。
分数X/Yの100倍
式中、Xは配列アライメントプログラムALIGN−2により、AとBのそのプログラムアライメントにおいて、同一マッチとスコアされたアミノ酸残基の数であり、そしてYはB中のアミノ酸残基の総数である。アミノ酸配列Aの長さはアミノ酸配列Bの長さと等しくない場合は、Bに対するAの%アミノ酸配列同一性はAに対するBの%アミノ酸配列同一性と等しくならない。
Proteins of Imunological Interest,5th Ed.Public Health Service,National Institure of Health,Bethesda,MD.(1991))。Chothiaは代わりに構造ループの位置に言及している(Chothia and Lesk J.Mol.Biol.196:901−917(1987))。AbMの超可変領域はKabatのCDRとChothiaの構造ループの間の折衷を示し、そしてOxford Molecular’s AbM抗体モデリングソフトウエアにより使用されている。「接触」超可変領域は使用可能な複合体結晶構造の分析に基づいている。これらの超可変領域の各々に由来する残基を以下に示す。
Pressを参照できる。本発明のプロドラッグは限定しないが、より活性な細胞毒性の遊離の薬剤に変換されることができるホスフェート含有プロドラッグ、チオホスフェート含有プロドラッグ、スルフェート含有プロドラッグ、ペプチド含有プロドラッグ、D−アミノ酸修飾プロドラッグ、グリコシル化プロドラッグ、β−ラクタム含有プロドラッグ、場合により置換されたフェノキシアセトアミド含有プロドラッグ又は場合により置換されたフェニルアセトアミド含有プロドラッグ、5−フルオロシトシン及び他の5−フルオロウリジンプロドラッグを包含する。本発明で使用するためのプロドラッグ型に誘導できる細胞毒性剤の例は限定しないが上記した化学療法剤を包含する。
本発明は抗EphB4抗体;及び抗EphB4抗体をコードする配列を含むポリヌクレオチドを含む医薬組成物を包含する組成物を包含する。本明細書においては、組成物はEphB4に結合する抗体1つ以上、及び/又は、EphB4に結合する抗体1つ以上をコードする配列を含むポリヌクレオチド1つ以上を含む。これらの組成物は更に、適当な担体、例えば製薬上許容しうる賦形剤、例えば緩衝剤を含んでよく、これらは当該分野で良く知られている。
Fab’−SH、F(ab’)2フラグメントである。これらの抗体フラグメントは伝統的な集団、例えば酵素消化により作成することができ、又は、組み換え手法により形成してもよい。このような抗体フラグメントはキメラ又はヒト化されていてよい。これらのフラグメントは後述する診断及び治療目的のために有用である。
Applications,pp.51−63(Marcel Dekker,Inc.,New York,1987))。
and Winter,J.Mol.Biol.,227:381−388(1992)に記載の通り多様な配列及び長さのH3ループをコードするPCRプライマーを用いて多様なVH遺伝子レパートリーを作成するために使用することができる。VHレパートリーはまたBarbas等、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,89:4457−4461(1992)に記載の通り単一の長さの長いH3ループに着目した全ての配列多様性を有するように作成できる。ヒトVκ及びVλセグメントはクローニング及び配列決定されており(Williams and Winter,Eur.J.Immunol.,23:1456−1461(1993)において報告)、そして合成の軽鎖レパートリーを作成するために使用できる。ある範囲のVH及びVLの折り畳み、及びL3及びH3の長さに基づいた合成V遺伝子レパートリーはかなりの構造多様性の抗体をコードすることになる。V遺伝子コードDNAの増幅の後、生殖細胞系統のV遺伝子のセグメントをHoogenboom and Winter,J.Mol.Biol.,227:381−388(1992)の方法に従ってインビトロで再配置させることができる。
Immunol.,5:256(1993)及びPluckthun,Immunol.Revs,130:151(1992)を包含する。
本発明は抗体フラグメントを包含する。特定の状況において、完全な抗体よりも抗体フラグメントを使用することが有利となる。より小型のフラグメントは急速なクリアランスを可能にし、固形腫瘍への接触を向上させる場合がある。
本発明はヒト化抗体を包含する。非ヒト抗体をヒト化するための種々の方法が当該分野で知られている。例えば、ヒト化抗体は非ヒトである原料からそこに導入されたアミノ酸残基1つ以上を有することができる。これらの非ヒトアミノ酸残基は頻繁には「インポート」残基と称され、これは典型的には「インポート」可変ドメインに由来する。ヒト化は本質的にはヒト抗体の相当する配列の超可変領域配列を置換することにより、Winter等の方法に従って実施することができる(Jones等(1986)Nature 321:522−525;Riechmann等(1988)Nature 332:323−327;Verhoeyen等(1988)Science 239:1534−1536)に従って実施することができる。従ってそのような「ヒト化」抗体は、未損傷のヒト可変ドメインより実質的に少ない部分が非ヒト種の相当する配列により置換されているキメラ抗体(米国特許4,816,567)である。実際、ヒト化抗体は典型的には、一部の超可変領域残基及びおそらくは一部のFR残基がげっ歯類抗体における類似の部位に由来する残基により置換されているヒト抗体である。
本発明のヒト抗EphB4抗体は上記した通り既知のヒト定常ドメイン配列にヒト誘導ファージディスプレイライブラリから選択したFvクローン可変ドメイン配列を組み合わせることにより構築できる。或いは本発明のヒトモノクローナル抗EphB4抗体はハイブリドーマ法により作成できる。ヒトモノクローナル抗体の製造のためのヒト骨髄腫及びマウス−ヒトヘテロ骨髄腫細胞系統は例えばKozbor J.Immunol.,133:3001(1984);Brodeur等、Monoclonal Antibody Production Techniques and Applications,pp.51−63(Marcel Dekker,Inc.,New York,1987);及びBoerner等、J.Immunol.,147:86(1991)に記載されている。
二重特異性抗体は少なくとも2つの異なるエピトープに対して結合特異性を有するモノクローナル、好ましくはヒト型又はヒト化された、抗体である。この例においては、結合特異性の1つはEphB4に対するものであり、そしてもう1つは何れかの他の抗原に対するものである。例示される二重特異性抗体はEphB4蛋白の2つの異なるエピトープに結合してよい。二重特異性抗体はまたEphB4を発現する細胞に細胞毒性剤を局在化させるために使用してよい。これらの抗体はEphB4結合アーム及び細胞毒性剤(例えばサポリン、抗インターフェロン−α、ビンカアルカロイド、リシンA鎖、メトトレキセート又は放射性同位体ハプテン))に結合するアームを保有している。二重特異性抗体は完全長抗体又は抗体フラグメント(例えばF(ab’)2二重特異性抗体)として製造できる。
多価抗体は抗体が結合する相手の抗原を発現する細胞により、2価抗体よりも急速に内在化(及び/又は異化)される場合がある。本発明の抗体は3つ以上の抗原結合部位を有する多価抗体(IgMクラス以外である)(例えば4価抗体)であることができ、これは抗体のポリペプチド鎖をコードする核酸の組み換え発現により容易に製造できる。多価抗体は2量化ドメイン及び3つ以上の抗原結合部位を含むことができる。好ましい2量化ドメインはFc領域又はヒンジ領域を含む(又はそれよりなる)。この設定においては、抗体はFc領域及びFc領域に対してアミノ末端側に3つ以上の抗原結合部位を含むことになる。好ましい多価抗体は本発明においては、3〜約8個、好ましくは4個の抗原結合部位を含む(又はそれよりなる)。多価抗体は少なくとも1つのポリペプチド鎖(及び好ましくは2つのポリペプチド鎖)を含み、ここでポリペプチド鎖は2つ以上の可変ドメインを含む。例えば、ポリペプチド鎖はVD1−(X1)n−VD2−(X2)n−Fcを含んでよく、式中VD1は第1の可変ドメイン、VD2は第2の可変ドメイン、FcはFc領域の1つのポリペプチド鎖であり、X1およびX2はアミノ酸又はポリペプチドを示し、nは0又は1である。例えば、ポリペプチド鎖はVH−CH1−フレキシブルリンカー−VH−CH1−Fc領域鎖;又はVH−CH1−VH−CH1−Fc領域鎖を含んでよい。本発明の多価抗体は好ましくは更に少なくとも2つ(好ましくは4つ)の軽鎖可変ドメインポリペプチドを含む。本発明の多価抗体は例えば約2〜約8つの軽鎖可変ドメインポリペプチドを含んでよい。本明細書において意図される軽鎖可変ドメインポリペプチドは軽鎖可変ドメインを含み、そして場合により更にCLドメインを含む。
一部の実施形態においては、本明細書に記載した抗体のアミノ酸配列の修飾が意図される。例えば抗体の結合親和性及び/又は他の生物学的特性を向上させることが望まれる場合がある。抗体のアミノ酸配列変異体は抗体核酸に適切なヌクレオチドの変化を導入することによるか、又は、ペプチド合成により製造される。このような修飾は、例えば、抗体のアミノ酸配列内の残基の欠失及び/又は挿入及び/又は置換を包含する。欠失、挿入及び置換の何れかの組み合わせが最終コンストラクトに到達するまで行ってよいが、ただし最終コンストラクトは所望の特性を保有しなければならない。アミノ酸の改変は配列が作成される時点で対象となる抗体のアミノ酸配列に導入してよい。
A1,Adams等、特に実施例11)、及びノックアウト細胞系統、例えばアルファ−1,6−フコシルトランスフェラーゼ遺伝子、FUT8ノックアウトCHO細胞((Yamane−Ohnuki等、Biotech.Bioeng.87:614(2004))を包含する。
(1)疎水性:ノルロイシン、met、ala、val、leu、ile;
(2)中性親水性:Cys、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln;
(3)酸性:asp、glu;
(4)塩基性:his、lys、arg;
(5)鎖の方向に影響する残基:gly、pro;
(6)芳香族:trp、tyr、phe。
本発明の抗体誘導体は、当該分野で知られ容易に入手できる別の非蛋白性部分を含有するように更に修飾することができる。好ましくは、抗体の誘導体化に適する部分は水溶性重合体である。水溶性重合体の非限定的な例は、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、エチレングリコール/プロピレングリコールの共重合体、カルボキシメチルセルロース、デキストラン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリ−1,3−ジオキソラン、ポリ−1,3,6−トリオキソラン、エチレン/無水マレイン酸共重合体、ポリアミノ酸(単独重合体又はランダム共重合体の何れか)及びデキストラン又はポリ(n−ビニルピロリドン)ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール単独重合体、プロピレンオキシド/エチレンオキシド共重合体、ポリオキシエチル化ポリオール(例えばグリセロール)、ポリビニルアルコール及びこれらの混合物を包含する。ポリエチレングリコールプロピオンアルデヒドはその水中での安定性のために製造において好都合である。重合体は何れかの分子量のものであってよく、そして分枝鎖又は未分枝鎖であってよい。抗体に結合する重合体の数は変動してよく、そして、1つより多い重合体が結合する場合は、それらは同じか又は異なる分子であることができる。一般的に、誘導体化に使用する重合体の数及び/又は種類は、例えば向上させるべき抗体の特定の特性又は機能、抗体誘導体を特定の条件下の治療に使用するのか等を考慮しながら決定することができる。
本発明の抗体は当該分野で知られた種々の試験によりその物理的/化学的及び生物学的な機能に関して特性化することができる。一部の実施形態においては、抗体はEphB4活性の低減又はブロッキング、EphB4下流分子シグナリングの低減又はブロッキング、EphB4リガンド活性化の低減又はブロッキング、EphB4リガンド下流分子シグナリングの低減又はブロッキング、EphB4に結合するリガンド(例えばエフリン−B1、エフリン−B2及び/又はエフリン−B3)の途絶またはブロッキング、EphB4ホスホリル化及び/又はEphB4多量体化、及び/又はEphB4リガンドホスホリル化、及び/又は腫瘍、細胞増殖性障害又は癌の治療及び/又は防止;及び/又はEphB4発現及び/又は活性(例えば増大したEphB4発現及び/又は活性)に関連する障害の治療又は防止の何れか1つ以上について特性化できる。
本発明の抗体の組み換え製造のためには、それをコードする核酸を単離し、そして複製可能なベクターに挿入してその後のクローニング(DNAの増幅)に付すか、又は、発現に付す。抗体をコードするDNAは従来の操作法(例えば抗体の重鎖及び軽鎖をコードする遺伝子に特異的に結合することができるオリゴヌクレオチドプローブを使用することによる等)を用いながら容易に単離して配列決定される。多くのベクターが使用可能である。ベクターの選択は部分的には使用する宿主細胞による。一般的に、好ましい宿主細胞は原核生物又は真核生物(一般的に哺乳類)起源の何れかのものである。当然ながら、IgG、IgM、IgA、IgD及びIgEを包含する如何なるアイソタイプの定常領域も、この目的のために使用することができ、そしてそのような定常領域は何れかのヒト又は動物の種から得ることができる。
i.ベクターの構築
本発明の抗体のポリペプチド成分をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列は標準的な組み換え手法を用いて得ることができる。ハイブリドーマ細胞のような抗体生産細胞から所望のポリヌクレオチド配列を単離して配列決定する。或いは、ポリヌクレオチドはヌクレオチド合成装置又はPCR手法を用いて合成することができる。得られた後、ポリペプチドをコードする配列を原核生物宿主内で複製し、非相同ポリヌクレオチドを発現することができる組み換えベクター内に挿入する。当該分野で入手可能であり知られている多くのベクターを本発明の目的のために使用できる。適切なベクターの選択はベクターに挿入すべき核酸の大きさ、及び、ベクターで形質転換すべき特定の宿主細胞により主に決定されることになる。各ベクターは、その機能(非相同ポリヌクレオチドの増幅又は発現又は両方)及びそれが入る特定の宿主細胞とのその適合性に応じて、種々の成分を含有する。ベクター成分は一般的に、例えば複製起点、選択マーカー遺伝子、プロモーター、リボソーム結合部位(RBS)、シグナル配列、非相同核酸インサート及び転写終止配列を包含する。
宿主細胞は上記した発現ベクターで形質転換し、そしてプロモーターの誘導、形質転換体の選択又は所望の配列をコードする遺伝子の増幅のために適宜調整された従来の栄養培地中で培養する。
Bio Chem 274:19601−19605;Georgiou等の米国特許6,083,715;Georgiou等の米国特許6,027,888;Bothmann and Pluckthun(2000)J.Biol.Chem.275:17100−17105;Ramm and Pluckthun(2000)J.Biol.Chem.275:17106−17113;Arie等.(2001)Mol.Microbiol.39:199−210。
当該分野で知られた標準的な蛋白精製方法を使用することができる。以下の操作法、即ち、免疫アフィニティー又はイオン交換カラム上の分画、エタノール沈降法、逆相HPCL、シリカゲル上又はカチオン交換樹脂、例えばDEAE上のクロマトグラフィー、等電点クロマトグラフィー、SDS−PAGE、硫酸アンモニウム沈降法及び例えばセファデックスG−75を用いたゲル濾過等が適当な精製操作法の例である。
ベクター成分は限定的ではないが一般的にはシグナル配列、複製起点、マーカー遺伝子1つ以上、エンハンサーエレメント、プロモーター及び転写終止配列の1つ以上を含む。
真核細胞宿主細胞において使用するためのベクターもまた目的の成熟蛋白又はポリペプチドのN末端に特異的切断部位を有するシグナル配列又は他のポリペプチドを含有してよい。好ましく選択される非相同のシグナル配列は宿主細胞により認識されプロセシングされる(即ちシグナルペプチダーゼにより切断される)ものである。哺乳類細胞発現においては、哺乳類シグナル配列、並びに、ウィルス分泌リーダー、例えば単純疱疹gDシグナルが使用できる。
一般的に複製起点成分は哺乳類発現ベクターには必要ではない。例えばSV40起点は典型的には、それが早期プロモーターを含有しているためにのみ使用してよい。
発現及びクローニングベクターは選択遺伝子、即ち選択可能なマーカーとも称されるものを含有してよい。典型的な選択遺伝子は(a)抗生物質又は他の毒素、例えばアンピシリン、ネオマイシン、メトトレキセート又はテトラサイクリンに対する耐性を付与するか(b)該当する場合は栄養要求性欠損を補充するか、又は(c)複合培地からは得られない重要な栄養を補給する蛋白をコードする。
発現及びクローニングベクターは通常は宿主生物により認識されるプロモーターを含有しそして抗体ポリペプチド核酸に作動可能に連結している。プロモーター配列は真核生物について知られている。実質的に全ての真核生物遺伝子が転写が開始される部位から約25〜30塩基上流に位置するATリッチ領域を有する。多くの遺伝子の転写開始から70〜80塩基上流に存在する別の配列はCNCAAT領域であり、ここでNは何れかのヌクレオチドである。大部分の真核生物遺伝子の3’末端は、コーディング配列の3’末端へのポリAテールの付加のためのシグナルであるAATAAA配列である。これらの配列は全て真核生物の発現ベクターに挿入するのに適する。
高等真核生物による本発明の抗体ポリペプチドをコードするDNAの転写はベクター内にエンハンサー配列を挿入することにより増大する場合が多い。哺乳類遺伝子由来の多くのエンハンサー配列が現在知られている(グロビン、エラスターゼ、アルブミン、α−フェトプロテイン及びインスリン)。しかしながら典型的には真核細胞ウィルス由来のエンハンサーを使用することにある。例示されるものは複製起点の後期側のSV40エンハンサー(bp100〜270)、サイトメガロウィルス早期プロモーターエンハンサー、複製起点の後期側のポリオーマエンハンサー、及び、アデノウィルスエンハンサーを包含する。真核生物プロモーターの活性化のための増強エレメントに関してはYaniv,Nature 297:17−18(1982)も参照できる。エンハンサーは抗体−ポリペプチドをコードする配列に対して5’又は3’側の位置においてベクター内にスプライシングしてよいが、好ましくはプロモーターから5’側の部位に位置する。
真核生物宿主細胞内で使用される発現ベクターは典型的には転写の終止のため、及び、mRNAの安定化のために必要な配列も含有する。このような配列は真核生物又はウィルスのDNA又はcDNAの一般的には5’側、そして場合により3’側の未翻訳領域が得られる。これらの領域は抗体をコードするmRNAの未翻訳部分におけるポリアデニル化フラグメントとして転写されたヌクレオチドセグメントを含有する。1つの有用な転写終止成分はウシ成長ホルモンポリアデニル化領域である。WO94/11026及びそこに開示されている発現ベクターを参照できる。
ベクター内でDNAをクローニング又は発現するための適当な宿主細胞はここでは本明細書に記載した高等真核生物の細胞、例えば脊椎動物の宿主細胞を包含する。培養物(組織培養)中の脊椎動物の細胞の増殖は類型的な操作法になっている。有用な哺乳類宿主細胞系統の例はSV40で形質転換されたサル腎臓CV1系統(COS−7、ATCC CRL 1651);ヒト胚性腎臓系統(293又は懸濁培養物中での生育のためにサブクローニングされた293細胞、Graham等、J.Gen Virol.36:59(1977));ベビーハムスター腎臓細胞(BHK、ATCC CCL 10);チャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞/−DHFR(CHO、Urlanb等、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA77:4216(1980));マウスセルトーリ細胞(TM4,Mather, Biol.Reprod.23:243−251(1980)、サル腎臓細胞(CV1ATCC CCL 70);アフリカグリーンモンキー腎臓細胞(VERO−76、ATCC CRL−1587);ヒト頸癌細胞(HELA,ATCC CCL 2);ヒト肺細胞(W138、ATCC CCL 75);ヒト肝臓細胞(HepG2、HB 8065);マウス乳癌(MMT060562、ATCC CCL 51);TRI細胞(Mather等、Annals N.Y.Acad.Sci.383:44−68(1982));MRC5細胞;FS4細胞;及びヒト肝細胞癌系統(HepG2)である。
本発明の抗体を製造するために使用する宿主細胞は種々の培地中で培養してよい。Ham’s F10(Sigma)、最小必須培地((MEM)、(Sigma)、RPMI−1640(Sigma)及びダルベッコ変性イーグル培地((DMEM),Sigma)のような市販の培地が宿主細胞を培養するために適している。更に又Ham等、Meth.Enz.58:44(1979),Barnes等、Anal.Biochem.102:255(1980)、米国特許4,767,704;4,657,866;4,927,762;4,560,655;又は5,122,469;WO90/03430;WO87/00195;又は米国特許Re.30,985に記載の培地の何れも宿主細胞のための培地として使用してよい。これらの培地の何れも必要に応じてホルモン類及び/又は他の成長因子(例えばインスリン、トランスフェリン又は表皮成長因子)、塩類(例えば塩化ナトリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム及びリン酸塩)、干渉物質(例えばHEPES)、ヌクレオチド(例えばアデノシン及びチミジン)、抗体(例えばGENTAMYCINTM剤)、微量元素(マイクロモル範囲の終濃度で通常存在する無機の化合物として定義される)及びグルコース又は等価なエネルギー源を補給してよい。何れかの他の必要な補給物もまた当業者の知るとおり適切な濃度で含有させてよい。培養条件、例えば温度、pH等は発現のために選択された宿主細胞とともに以前に使用したものであり、そして当業者には容易に想到されるものである。
組み換え手法を用いる場合、抗体は細胞内に生産させるか、又は、培地に直接分泌させることができる。抗体が細胞内に生産される場合は、第1工程年、宿主細胞又は溶菌破断物である粒状の破砕物を例えば遠心分離又は限外濾過により除去する。抗体を培地に分泌させる場合は、そのような発現系の上澄みを一般的にはまず市販の蛋白濃縮フィルター、例えばAmicon又はMillipore Pellicon限外濾過ユニットを用いて濃縮する。プロテアーゼ阻害剤、例えばPMSFを上記工程の何れかにおいて使用することにより蛋白分解を抑制してよく、そして、抗生物質を添加して偶発的な夾雑菌の生育を防止してよい。
本発明はまた細胞毒性剤、例えば化学療法剤、薬剤、成長抑制剤、毒素(例えば細菌、カビ、植物又は動物起源の酵素的に活性な毒素又はそのフラグメント)又は放射性同位体(例えば放射性コンジュゲート)にコンジュゲートした本明細書に記載したんちOX40L抗体を含むイムノコンジュゲート(互換的に「抗体薬剤コンジュゲート」即ち「ADC」と称する)を提供する。
1つの実施形態において、イムノコンジュゲートはマイタンシノイド分子1つ以上にコンジュゲートされた本発明の抗体(完全長又はフラグメント)を含む。
抗体−マイタンシノイドコンジュゲートは抗体又はマイタンシノイド分子の何れかの生物学的活性を有意に低下させること無くマイタンシノイド分子に抗体を化学的に連結することにより製造する。米国特許5,208,020を参照できる(その開示内容は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)。抗体分子当たり平均3〜4個のマイタンシノイド分子をコンジュゲートすると抗体の機能又は溶解性に悪影響を及ぼすことなく標的細胞の細胞毒性を増強する場合に有効であることがわかっているが、1分子毒素/抗体であっても抗体単独の使用よりも細胞毒性を増強できることが期待される。マイタンシノイドは当該分野でよく知られており、そして知られた手法により合成するか、又は、天然原料から単離することができる。適当なマイタンシノイドは例えば米国特許5,208,020に、そして、上記した他の特許又は非特許の公開物に開示されている。好ましいマイタンシノイドはマイタンシノール及び芳香環において、又は、マインタンシノール分子の他の位置において修飾されているマインタンシノール類縁体、例えば種々のマインタンシノールエステルである。
一部の実施形態においては、イムノコンジュゲートはドラスタチン又はドロスタチンペプチド類縁体及び誘導体、オーリスタチン(米国特許5635483;5780588)にコンジュゲートした本発明の抗体を含む。ドラスタチン及びオーリスタチン微小管の力学的特徴、GTP加水分解及び核及び細胞の分裂に干渉し(Woyke等(2001)Antimicrob.Agents and Chemother.45(12):3580−3584)、そして、抗がん作用(米国特許5663149)及び抗カビ活性(Pettit等(1998)Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.42:2961−2965)を有することがわかっている。ドラスタチン又はオーリスタチン剤はペプチド薬剤部分のN(アミノ)末端またはC(カルボキシ)末端を介して抗体に結合させてよい(WO02/088172)。
to Ligands」に開示されているN末端連結モノメチルオーリスタチン薬剤部分DE及びDFを包含する。
Trans.1 5:859−863に記載の方法に従って製造してよい。更に又、参照により全体が本明細書に組み込まれるDoronina(2003)Nat Biotechnol 21(7):778−784;“Monomethylvaline Compounds Capable of Conjugation to Ligands”,US Ser.No.10/983,340,filed Nov.5,2004(例えばリンカー及びリンカーにコンジュゲートされたMMAE及びMMAFのようなモノメチルバリン化合物の製造方法を開示している)も参照できる。
別の実施形態において、イムノコンジュゲートはカリケアマイシン分子1つ以上にコンジュゲートした本発明の抗体を含む。抗生物質のカリケアマイシンファミリーはピコモル未満の濃度において2本鎖DNA切断をもたらすことができる。カリケアマイシンファミリーのコンジュゲートの製造に関しては米国特許5,712,374、5,714,586、5,739,116、5,767,285、5,770,701、5,770,710、5,773,001、5,877,296を参照することができる(全てAmerican Cyanamid Company)。使用してよいカリケアマイシンの構造的類縁体は例えばγ1 I、α2 I、α3 I、N−アセチル−γ1 I、PSAG及びθI l(Himman等、Cancer Research 53:3336−3342(1993)、Lode等、Cancer Research 58:2925−2928(1998)及び上記したAmerican Cyanamidへの米国特許)。抗体をコンジュゲートできる別の抗腫瘍剤は抗葉酸エステルであるQFAである。カリケアマイシン及びQFAは両方とも細胞内作用部位を有し、原形質膜を容易に通過しない。従って、抗体媒介内在を介したこれらの薬剤の細胞内取り込みはその細胞毒性作用を大きく増大させる。
本発明の抗体にコンジュゲートできる他の抗腫瘍剤はBCNU、ストレプトゾシン、ビンクリスチン及び5−フルオロウラシル、米国特許5,053,394、5,770,710に記載の総称LL−E33288複合体として知られる薬剤ファミリー、並びに、エスペラマイシン(米国特許5,877,296)を包含する。
本発明の抗体薬剤コンジュゲート(ADC)においては、抗体(Ab)を1つ以上の薬剤部分(D)、例えば抗体当たり約1〜約20薬剤部分にリンカー(L)を介してコンジュゲートする。式I:
Ab-(L-D)p I
のADCは、数種類の経路により、当業者の知る有機化学の反応、条件及び試薬を用いながら、例えば(1)共有結合を介したAb−Lを形成するための2価リンカー試薬との抗体の親核基の反応、及び、その後の薬剤部分Dとの反応;及び(2)共有結合を介したD−Lを形成するための2価リンカー試薬との薬剤部分の親核基の反応、及び、その後の抗体の親核基との反応、により製造してよい。ADCの製造のための別の方法は本明細書に記載する通りである。
本発明の抗体を含む治療用製剤は、水溶液、凍結乾燥又は他の乾燥した製剤の形態において、任意の生理学的に許容される担体、賦形剤又は安定化剤(Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,20th
edition(2000))に所望の程度の純度を有する抗体を混合することにより保存用に製造される。許容される担体、賦形剤又は安定化剤は使用される用量及び濃度においてレシピエントに非毒性であり、そして、緩衝物質、例えばリン酸塩、酢酸塩、ヒスチジン又は他の有機酸;抗酸化剤、例えばアスコルビン酸及びメチオニン;保存料(例えばオクタデシルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロリド;ヘキサメトニウムクロリド;塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム;フェノール、ブチル又はベンジルアルコール;アルキルパラベン、例えばメチル又はプロピルパラベン;セタノール;レゾルシノール;シクロヘキサノール;3−ペンタノール;及びm−クレゾール);低分子量(約10残基未満)のポリペプチド;蛋白、例えば血清アルブミン、ゼラチン又は免疫グロブリン;親水性重合体、例えばポリビニルピロリドン;アミノ酸、例えばグリシン、グルタミン、アスパラギン、ヒスチジン、アルギニン又はリジン;単糖類、2糖類及び他の炭水化物、例えばグルコース、マンノース又はデキストリン;キレート剤、例えばEDTA;糖類、例えばスクロース、マンニトール、トレハロース又はソルビトール;塩形成対イオン、例えばナトリウム;金属複合体(例えばZn−蛋白複合体);及び/又は非イオン性界面活性剤、例えばTWEENTM、PLURONICSTM又はポリエチレングリコール(PEG)を包含する。
本発明の抗体は例えばインビトロ、エクスビボ及びインビボの治療方法において使用してよい。
上記した通り、本発明は抗EphB4抗体を他の治療薬と共に投与する複合療法を提供する。例えば抗EphB4抗体を抗癌剤又は抗血管新生剤と組み合わせて使用することにより、種々の新生物又は非新生物性の状態を治療する。1つの実施形態において、新生物又は非新生物性の状態は異常又は望ましくない脈管形成に関連する病理学的障害により特徴づけられる。抗EphB4抗体は同じ組成物中において、又は別個の組成物として、これらの目的のために有効である別の薬剤と逐次的又は組み合わせて投与できる。或いは、又は追加的に、EphB4の多重抑制剤を投与できる。
特定の特徴において、本発明は癌に罹患し易い、又は癌と診断された患者に、EphB4の拮抗剤及び/又は脈管形成抑制剤及び1つ以上の化学療法剤の有効量を投与することによる、腫瘍生育又は癌細胞の生育をブロックまたは低減する方法を提供する。種々の化学療法剤を本発明の複合治療方法において使用してよい。意図される化学療法剤の例示による非限定的な列挙物は「定義」の下に本明細書に記載した通りである。
本発明は又、回帰性の腫瘍の生育又は回帰性の癌細胞の生育を抑制または防止するための方法及び組成物を提供する。回帰性の腫瘍生育又は回帰性の癌細胞の生育とは、現在使用可能な療法1つ以上(例えば癌療法、例えば化学療法、放射線療法、手術、ホルモン療法、及び/又は、生物学的療法/免疫療法、抗VEGF抗体療法、特に特定の癌に対する標準的な療法用法)を受けているかそれにより治療されている患者が患者を治療するために臨床的に不十分であるか、又は、患者が追加的な有効療法を必要とするように治療から何れかの有利な作用を受けることがもはや無い状況を指す。本明細書においては、その表現は又、例えば、治療に応答する患者がなお副作用に罹患している、抵抗性を発生させている、治療に応答しない、治療に十分応答しない等を説明する「非応答性/難治性」患者の状態を指す場合がある。種々の実施形態において、癌は回帰性の腫瘍生育又は回帰性の癌細胞の生育であり、その場合、癌細胞の数は有意に低減していないか、又は増大しており、或いは、腫瘍の大きさが有意に低減していないか、又は増大しており、或いは、癌細胞の大きさ又は数における如何なるそれ以上の低減も不可能である。癌細胞が回帰性の腫瘍生育又は回帰性の癌細胞の生育であるかどうかの判断は、そのような関連において、「回帰性」又は「難治性」又は「非応答性」の当該分野で許容されている意味を用いながら、癌細胞に対する治療の有効性を試験するための、当該分野で知られた何れかの方法により、インビボ又はインビトロの何れかで行うことができる。抗VEGF治療に抵抗性の腫瘍は回帰性の腫瘍生育の一例である。
本発明の別の特徴において、上記した疾患の治療、予防及び/又は診断のために有用な物質を含有する製造物品が提供される。製造物品は容器及び容器上又はそれに伴ったラベル又はパッケージインサートを含む。適当な容器は例えばビン、バイアル、シリンジ等を包含する。容器は種々の材料、例えばガラス又はプラスチックから形成してよい。自身、又は他の組成物と組み合わせた場合に状態の治療、予防及び/又は診断に有効となる組成物を容器が保持しており、そして滅菌された接触口を有してよい(例えば容器は静脈内投与用の溶液バッグ又は皮下注射針により穿刺可能な蓋つきのバイアルであってよい)。組成物中の少なくとも1つの活性剤は本発明の抗体である。ラベル又はパッケージインサートは組成物が例えば癌のような選択された状態の治療のために使用されることを示す。更に又、製造物品は(a)その中に含有される組成物の入った第1の容器、ここで組成物は本発明の抗体を含むもの、及び(b)その中に含有される組成物の入った第2の容器、ここで組成物は別の細胞毒性剤を含むもの、を含んでよい。本発明のこの実施形態における製造物品は更に第1及び第2の抗体組成物を例えば癌のような特定の状態の治療のために使用できることを示すパッケージインサートを含んでよい。或いは、又は追加的に、製造物品は更に製薬上許容しうる緩衝液、例えば注射用殺菌水(BWFI)、リン酸塩緩衝食塩水、リンゲル液及びデキストロース溶液を含む第2(又は第3)の容器を含んでよい。それは更に商業上又は使用者の観点から望ましい他の物質、例えば他の緩衝物質、希釈剤、フィルター、針及びシリンジを含んでよい。
抗EphB4抗体はファージ選択のためにEphB4−His蛋白を使用しながら、ファージディスプレイを用いて形成した。目的の抗体を得ることができるファージディスプレイライブラリを形成するための種々の方法が当該分野で知られている。目的の抗体を形成する1つの方法は、Lee等、J.Mol.Biol.(2004),340(5):1073−93に記載されている通り、ファージ抗体ライブラリの使用を介するものである。ファージディスプレイを用いて選択されたクローンはファージELISAを用いながらEphB4−Hisに対してスクリーニングした。ユニークなクローンを選択してその後のファージ競合的ELISA及びブロッキング試験による特性化に付すことにより、ファージ抗体クローンがEphB4−エフリンB2相互作用をブロックできるか否かを調べた。クローン30.35は良好に機能し、その後の分析のために選択された。クローン30.35の親和性を向上させるために、ソフト又はハードランダム化に対して各々が選択されたHVRをターゲティングするYW30.35のバックグラウンドにおいてファージディスプレイライブラリを形成した。選択されたクローンをファージELISAによりスクリーニングし、そして次に、Fab蛋白として発現させ、そしてその親和性をBiacoreを用いて測定した。選択されたクローンを完全長IgGとして再フォーマットし、そしてそれらの親和性をBiacoreを用いて測定した。親クローン30.35及び親和性成熟クローンの配列は図1に示す通りである。
抗EphB4Mabの結合親和性を測定するために、BIAcoreTM−3000による表面プラズモン共鳴(SRP)測定を用いた(BIAcore,Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)。慨すれば、カルボキシメチル化デキストランバイオセンサーチップ(CM5、BIAcore Inc.)を、製造元の説明書に従って、塩酸N−エチル−N‘−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)−カルボジイミド(EDC)及びN−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(NHS)で活性化した。抗EphB4抗体を5ug/mlとなるように10mM酢酸ナトリウムpH4.8で希釈した後に、5ul/分の流量で注入することによりカップリングした抗体の約500応答単位(RU)を達成した。次に、1Mエタノールアミンを注入することにより未反応の基をブロックした。動態の測定のためには、ヒト又はマウスEphB4−His分子の何れかの2倍連続希釈物(0.7nM〜500nM)を25ul/分の流量で25℃において0.05%Tween20を含有するPBS中に注入した。会合速度(kon)及び解離速度(koff)は単純な1対1のラングミュアの結合モデルを用いて計算した(BIAcore Evaluation Softwareバージョン3.2)。平衡解離定数(Kd)は比kon/koffとして計算した。この実験の結果を表3に示す。「NA」は測定が実施されなかったことを意味する。
Claims (17)
- エフリンB4の検出のための抗エフリンB4(抗EphB4)抗体を含む製造物品またはキットであって、該検出は、生物学的試料中のエフリンB4−抗エフリンB4抗体複合体を検出することを含み、該抗エフリンB4抗体は、以下:
(a)各々が順に配列番号9、11、13、1、3及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;
(b)各々が順に配列番号10、12、14、1、3及び8を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;
(c)各々が順に配列番号9、11、15、2、4及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;
(d)各々が順に配列番号9、11、16、1、5及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;または
(e)各々が順に配列番号9、11、17、1、6及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体、
からなる群より選択される、製造物品またはキット。 - 前記抗EphB4抗体が検出可能に標識される、請求項1に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記生物学的試料が、癌、腫瘍および/または細胞増殖性障害を有する対象に由来する、請求項1または2に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記生物学的試料が、脈管形成に関連する病理学的状態を有する対象に由来する、請求項1または2に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 脈管形成に関連する前記病理学的状態が、癌、腫瘍および/または細胞増殖性障害である、請求項4に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 脈管形成に関連する前記病理学的状態が、眼内血管新生疾患である、請求項4に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記生物学的試料が、神経障害または神経変性の疾患を有する対象に由来する、請求項1または2に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 対象における障害の施療的および/または予防的治療のための、抗エフリンB4(抗EphB4)抗体を含む製造物品またはキットであって、該抗エフリンB4抗体は、以下:
(a)各々が順に配列番号9、11、13、1、3及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;
(b)各々が順に配列番号10、12、14、1、3及び8を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;
(c)各々が順に配列番号9、11、15、2、4及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;
(d)各々が順に配列番号9、11、16、1、5及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体;または
(e)各々が順に配列番号9、11、17、1、6及び7を含む、HVR−L1、HVR−L2、HVR−L3、HVR−H1、HVR−H2及びHVR−H3を含む、抗EphB4抗体、
からなる群より選択される、製造物品またはキット。 - 抗脈管形成剤をさらに含む、請求項8に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記抗脈管形成剤が血管内皮成長因子(VEGF)のアンタゴニストである、請求項9に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記VEGFアンタゴニストが抗VEGF抗体である、請求項10に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記抗VEGF抗体がベバシズマブである、請求項11に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 化学療法剤をさらに含む、請求項8〜12のいずれか一項に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記障害が、癌、腫瘍および/または細胞増殖性障害である、請求項8〜13のいずれか一項に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 前記障害が、脈管形成に関連する病理学的状態である、請求項8〜13のいずれか一項に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 脈管形成に関連する前記病理学的状態が、癌、腫瘍および/または細胞増殖性障害である、請求項15に記載の製造物品またはキット。
- 脈管形成に関連する前記病理学的状態が、眼内血管新生疾患である、請求項15に記載の製造物品またはキット。
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