JP6212175B2 - サーフェースベースの触覚効果を特徴とするインターフェースのためのシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
サーフェースベースの触覚効果を特徴とするインターフェースのためのシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2009年3月12日に提出された、「Locating Features Using a Friction Display」(摩擦ディスプレイを用いる特徴検出)という名称の、米国仮特許出願番号61/159,482の優先権を主張するものであり、その全体を本明細書に参照として組み込む。
本発明の一具現化例は、共にCupertino, California のApple Inc.から入手できるiPod(登録商標)携帯音楽デバイス又はiPhone(登録商標)モバイルデバイス、或いはRedmond, WashingtonのMicrosoft Corporationから入手できるZune(登録商標)携帯デバイスのような、コンピューティングシステムを含む。コンピューティングシステムは、この具体例にて前記デバイスの前記スクリーンに対応するディスプレイ領域に関連する接触(タッチ)の位置を決定するセンサ(例えば、光学的な、抵抗の、又は容量性の)はもとより、加速度計のような一つ以上のセンサを含み、及び/又はそのセンサと通信する。
図1Aは、サーフェースベースの触覚効果を提供する実例のシステム100を示す。特に、この具体例にあって、システム100は、バス106を介して他のハードウェアと相互通信されるプロセッサ102の特色をなすコンピューティングデバイス101を備える。RAM、ROM、EEPROMなどのような適切な有体物の(及び一時的ではない)コンピュータにて読み取りされる媒体を備えることができるメモリ104は、コンピューティングデバイスの動作を形成するプログラムコンポーネントを備える。この具体例にあって、コンピューティングデバイス101は、一つ以上のネットワークインターフェースデバイス110、入力/出力(I/O)インターフェースコンポーネント112、及び付加的なストレージ114をさらに備える。
しかし、触覚効果は、対応するエレメントがインターフェースに表示されていなくてもタッチサーフェース116を介して提供されてもよい(例えば、触覚効果は、インターフェースの境界、この境界は表示されていないかもしれないが、横切られると、提供されてもよい)。
図2は、一つ以上の画素配列への検出されたタッチのマッピングに基づいて提供される触覚効果を選択するためのいくつかの具現化例にて用いられることのできる、画素配列200を例示する図である。画素配列200は、例えば、ビットマップ或いは各画素に関して一つ以上の値を有する他の画像ファイルを含む。値は、触覚効果がどのように提供されるのかを決定する。この具体例は、比較的に小さい数の画素を示し、具体的には、前記アレイは数千又は数百万の画素を備える。
図4Aは、タッチ操作可能なディスプレイ402を特徴とするコンピューティングデバイス401を含むシステム400の外観を示す。図4Bは、デバイス401の断面図を示す。デバイス401は、プロセッサ、メモリ、センサなどは簡略化のために図示しないが、図1Aのデバイス101と類似して構成されてもよい。
前述の具現化例は、例示を目的として提供されたものであり、制限を目的としたものではない。サーフェースベースの触覚効果の他の具現化例は、以下にて議論される。
この明細書にあっての用語「適合される」又は「構成される」の使用は、付加的なタスク又はステップを実行するために適合される、或いは構成されるデバイスに対してのみあてはめることを主張するのではない開放的及び包括的な意味を有する。さらに、用語「基づいて」の使用は、プロセス、ステップ、計算又は、一つ以上の列挙される条件に「基づいた」他のアクション又は値が、実際に、付加的な条件又はそれら列挙された条件を超える値に基づいているということを意味する。この明細書において含まれる、見出し、リスト及び番号は、説明を容易にするためのものであって、制限することを意味するものではない。
Claims (22)
- 物体がタッチサーフェースに接触すると、グラフィカルユーザインターフェースのディスプレイ領域にマッピングされるタッチ領域へのタッチを検出するように構成されるセンサと、
プロセッサと通信をし、さらに前記タッチサーフェースに結合されるアクチュエータであり、触覚信号に応答して触覚効果を出力するように構成されたアクチュエータと、
アクチュエータ及びセンサと通信をするプロセッサであり、
タッチの位置、前記タッチの速度、又は前記タッチの加速度の一つ以上を識別することに基づいて、前記グラフィカルユーザインターフェースとの相互作用を決定し、
前記相互作用に基づいて生成する触覚効果を選択し、及び
前記タッチが発生している間に、前記選択された触覚効果を生成するために前記アクチュエータに触覚信号を送信し、前記触覚効果はディスプレイのテクスチャ又は調整された摩擦係数のうちの少なくとも一つを含む
ように、構成されるプロセッサと
を備え、
前記相互作用はジェスチャであり、前記触覚効果は前記ジェスチャが完了に近づくと変化するように構成される、システム。 - 前記アクチュエータは、ピエゾエレクトリックアクチュエータを含む請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記触覚効果は、前記タッチサーフェースの摩擦係数を変化することによって生成される請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記触覚効果は、前記タッチサーフェースのテクスチャをシミュレートすることを含む請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、前記タッチの位置にて、又は近くの前記タッチ領域における位置にマッピングされる位置におけるディスプレイ領域で表示されるテキストのコンテンツに基づいた触覚効果を選択するように構成される請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサはサーチ照会に応答して前記グラフィカルユーザインターフェースに表示されるコンテンツを強調するために構成され、さらに前記触覚効果は前記強調されたコンテンツにて、又はその近くにおける前記ディスプレイ領域の位置にマッピングされる前記タッチ領域における位置で触覚効果を生成するために選択される請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、前記タッチの位置にて、或いはその近くにて前記タッチ領域の位置にマッピングされる位置にてグラフィカルユーザインターフェースに表示されるコントロールに基づいた触覚効果を選択するように構成される請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、ページめくり入力ジェスチャを認識することに応答して、ジェスチャが行われたときにページめくり入力ジェスチャの方向内における摩擦又はテクスチャを変化するための、触覚効果を選択するように構成される請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、第1の場所から第2の場所へ、オンスクリーンコンテンツアイテムの動きを示すジェスチャの認識に応答して触覚効果を選択するように構成される請求項1記載のシステム。
- さらにディスプレイを備え、
前記ディスプレイは、複数画素を含む、前記ディスプレイ領域を定義し、
ディスプレイ信号の一部に基づいて画像を出力するように構成され、
前記タッチサーフェースは前記ディスプレイ又はディスプレイ上の材料に対応し、
前記プロセッサは前記ディスプレイ信号を出力するように構成される
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサからの触覚信号に応答して触覚効果を提供するように構成される第2アクチュエータをさらに含む請求項1記載のシステム。
- タッチサーフェース上のタッチの位置、前記タッチの速度、又は前記タッチの加速度の一つ以上を識別することにより、グラフィカルユーザインターフェースとの相互作用を決定するステップと、
前記相互作用に基づいて生成する触覚効果を選択するステップと、
前記選択された触覚効果を生成するように少なくとも一つのアクチュエータに命令するステップであり、前記触覚効果はテクスチャ又は前記サーフェースの摩擦係数の調整のうちの少なくとも一つを含むステップと
を含み、
前記相互作用はジェスチャであり、前記触覚効果は前記ジェスチャが完了に近づくと変化するように構成される、方法。 - 前記触覚効果は、前記タッチサーフェースの摩擦係数を変化することによって少なくとも一部で生成される請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記相互作用はオンスクリーンコントロールを調整することを含み、さらに前記触覚効果は前記オンスクリーンコントロールの値に基づいて選択される請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記相互作用は、前記触覚効果に関連する特徴を有するグラフィカルユーザインターフェースの一部にマッピングされる位置で、或いはその近くで前記タッチサーフェースにタッチすることを含む請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記特徴は、サーチ命令に応じて強調されるインターフェースにおけるテキストの又はグラフィックのエレメントを備える請求項15記載の方法。
- 前記特徴は、グラフィカルなコンテンツまたはテキストのコンテンツである請求項15記載の方法。
- 前記特徴は、前記グラフィカルユーザインターフェースにおける境界を含む請求項15記載の方法。
- 前記相互作用は、入力ジェスチャを含む請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記触覚効果は、前記入力ジェスチャの間に提供される請求項19記載の方法。
- 前記触覚効果は、前記入力ジェスチャの後に提供される請求項19記載の方法。
- コンピューティングシステムによって実行されるプログラムコードを格納している有形のコンピュータ読み取り可能な媒体であって、
前記プログラムコードは、
タッチサーフェース上のタッチの位置、前記タッチの速度、又は前記タッチの加速度の一つ以上を識別することにより、グラフィカルユーザインターフェースとの相互作用を決定するプログラムコードと、
前記相互作用に基づいて生成する触覚効果を選択するプログラムコードと、
前記選択された触覚効果を生成するように少なくとも一つのアクチュエータに命令するプログラムコードであり、前記触覚効果はテクスチャ、又は前記サーフェースの摩擦係数の調整のうちの少なくとも一つを含むプログラムコードと
を含み、
前記相互作用はジェスチャであり、前記触覚効果は前記ジェスチャが完了に近づくと変化するように構成される、有形のコンピュータ読み取り可能な媒体。
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