JP6125518B2 - メタン化触媒を製造するための方法および合成ガスのメタン化のための方法 - Google Patents
メタン化触媒を製造するための方法および合成ガスのメタン化のための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6125518B2 JP6125518B2 JP2014540604A JP2014540604A JP6125518B2 JP 6125518 B2 JP6125518 B2 JP 6125518B2 JP 2014540604 A JP2014540604 A JP 2014540604A JP 2014540604 A JP2014540604 A JP 2014540604A JP 6125518 B2 JP6125518 B2 JP 6125518B2
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- methanation
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- hydrotalcite
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 110
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 70
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 66
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 21
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
(i)可融性金属塩と微粉化されたハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を接触させる工程と、
(ii)可融性金属塩とハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を密に混合する工程と、
(iii)可融性金属塩およびハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を熱処理し、その金属塩が金属塩溶融物の形態で存在する条件下でその混合物を、好ましくは30〜250℃の範囲の温度で、より好ましくは50〜140℃の範囲の温度で加熱する工程と、
(iv)その混合物を<500℃の温度、好ましくは250〜500℃の範囲の温度で低温焼成する工程であって、その低温焼成の期間が、好ましくは0.1〜24時間の範囲、好ましくは2時間未満であり、連続プロセスの場合、好ましくは≦1時間である工程と、
(v)型成形(molded)または成形する工程と、
(vi)その混合物を≧500℃の温度、好ましくは500〜1000℃の範囲の温度で高温焼成する工程であって、その高温焼成の期間が、好ましくは0.1〜24時間の範囲、好ましくは2時間未満であり、連続プロセスの場合、好ましくは≦1時間である工程と
を含む含浸に関する。
(i)可融性金属塩と微粉化されたハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を接触させる工程、
(ii)その金属塩とハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を密に混合する工程、
(iii)可融性金属塩およびハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を熱処理し、その金属塩が溶融物の形態で存在する条件下でその混合物を、好ましくは30〜250℃の範囲の温度で、より好ましくは50〜140℃の範囲の温度で加熱する工程、
(iv)その混合物を<500℃の温度、好ましくは250〜500℃の範囲の温度で低温焼成する工程であって、その低温焼成の期間が、好ましくは0.1〜24時間の範囲、好ましくは2時間未満であり、連続プロセスの場合、好ましくは≦1時間である工程、
(v)型成形または成形する工程、および
(vi)先行する工程で得られた混合物を≧500℃の温度、好ましくは500〜1000℃の範囲の温度で高温焼成する工程であって、その高温焼成の期間が、好ましくは0.1〜24時間の範囲、好ましくは2時間未満であり、連続プロセスの場合、好ましく≦1時間である工程
によって得ることができる触媒も提供する。
I.ハイドロタルサイトの金属塩との接触および混合
まず、ハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を金属塩と接触させるプロセスステップは、どのような制限をも受けないことを指摘しておかなければならない。しかし、有利であるいくつかの接触の実施形態を以下に示す。
II.触媒を製造するための他のプロセスステップ
(a)金属塩とハイドロタルサイト(またはハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料)の均質化された混合物を低温焼成にかける。低温焼成は、均質化された混合物を100℃〜500℃の温度範囲で0.1h〜24hの範囲の時間熱処理することによって実施される。材料は、制御された加熱速度を用いて加熱することが好ましい。加熱速度は、好ましくは20℃/min未満、好ましくは10℃/min未満、より好ましくは5℃/minである。低温焼成後に得られた材料は、微粉化された粉末として、または粗くゆるい粒子状材料として存在することができる。ゆるい粒子状触媒としてこの材料を使用できるようにするために、成形プロセスが必要となる可能性がある。成形の工程として、例えば粉砕、ミリング、錠剤化または押し出しを実施することが可能である。
b.i)圧縮、b.ii)粉砕、b.iii)篩別および/またはb‘)錠剤化の1つまたは複数を含むことができる。
III.メタン化方法
本発明の他の重要な態様は、請求項7〜14に示されている特徴を有するメタン化方法、好ましくは高温メタン化に関する。本発明による触媒の製造を請求項1〜4のいずれかにしたがって実施する、または本発明によるメタン化触媒を請求項5かまたは6のどちらにしたがって製造することができる。
触媒を製造するための本発明の方法を実施例M1によって例示する。最初に、乳鉢と乳棒で予め粉砕して微粉にした411.4gの粉末状硝酸ニッケル六水和物および600gのハイドロタルサイト(SasolからのPural MG30)を密に混合して金属塩とハイドロタルサイトのプレミックスを製造し、回転式管状炉の回転式管の中に導入した。プレミックスを回転式管状炉中で80℃に加熱し、80℃で1時間保持し、回転式管とその中のプレミックスを毎分2回転で回転させ、150l/hの空気流を回転式管に通過させた。冷却後に得られたプレミックスの質量は886gであった。
比較例CM1として、沈殿プロセスにより作製した触媒の触媒特性を試験した。この触媒を得るために、175.7gのハイドロタルサイト(34.2質量%の燃焼損失を有するSasolからのPural MG30)をまず、48℃に予熱した6lの脱イオン水を入れた容器に入れた。別個の容器で、509.2gの脱イオン水に612.8gの硝酸ニッケル六水和物および313.1gの硝酸アルミニウム九水和物を溶解して硝酸ニッケルおよび硝酸アルミニウムの溶液を作製し、この溶液を48℃に加熱した。20質量%の炭酸ナトリウム含量を有し、同様に48℃に予熱した炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を、沈殿試薬として使用した。
COメタン化に関する触媒の性能特性を評価するために、実験用反応器中で、実施例M1、実施例M2および比較例CM1の触媒を、COメタン化のプロセス条件に相次いでかけて、合成天然ガスを生成させた。実験用反応器は、個々の試験の前に、50mlのそれぞれの触媒試料(すなわち、実施例M1、実施例M2または比較例CM1)が予めチャージされている反応管を備えていた。そのチャージにおいて、触媒試料はペレットの形態で存在した。
XRD分析は、CuKアルファ線源(40kVおよび40mAで0.154nmの波長を有する)を用いて、Bruker/AXSからのD8 Advance Series2によって実施した。測定は、4.8秒/ステップ、0.02°ステップで測定範囲5〜80°(2シータ)にわたって実施した。構造分析ソフトウェアTOPAS(Bruker AXS)を使用して、個々の相の平均結晶子サイズを決定した。
Claims (12)
- 出発原料の可融性金属塩での含浸によってメタン化触媒を製造するための方法であって、以下の工程、すなわち、
(i)可融性金属塩と微粉化されたハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を接触させる工程と、
(ii)可融性金属塩とハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を密に混合する工程と、
(iii)可融性金属塩およびハイドロタルサイト含有出発原料を熱処理し、金属塩が金属塩溶融物の形態で存在する条件下でその混合物を30〜250℃の範囲の温度で貯蔵する工程と、
(iv)混合物を<500℃の温度で低温焼成する工程であって、低温焼成の期間が0.1〜24時間の範囲であり、連続プロセスの場合、≦1時間である工程と、
(v)型成形または成形する工程と、
(vi)混合物を≧500℃の温度で高温焼成する工程であって、高温焼成の期間が0.1〜24時間の範囲であり、連続プロセスの場合、≦1時間である工程と
を含む方法。 - 工程(iv)および(vi)における焼成を、その加熱および/または冷却速度が毎分0.01〜10℃の範囲である温度プログラムを用いて実施し、方法工程(ii)を工程(iii)と同時に実施する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(iii)の熱処理および工程(iv)における混合物の低温焼成を1つのコヒーレントな方法工程で実施する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 可融性金属塩が、ニッケル塩および/又はコバルト塩を含み、可融性金属塩が、工程(i)を実施するとき金属塩溶融物の形態で存在する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- メタン化反応を実施するための方法であって、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法で製造された触媒を使用し、メタン化方法を300℃〜900℃の範囲の温度で実施し、プロセス圧力が1〜5MPa(10〜50bar)の範囲内にある方法。
- 以下の工程、すなわち、
a.1)メタン化を実施する前に、還元性ガス雰囲気中で、メタン化反応器中で、触媒前駆体材料を処理する工程と、
a.2)メタン化触媒と接触させる前に、COおよび/またはCO2含有合成ガスを加熱する工程と、
a.3)COおよび/またはCO2含有合成ガスを、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法で製造されたメタン化触媒と接触させる工程と
を含むメタン化方法。 - 合成ガスと接触させる際のメタン化触媒の温度が、300℃〜900℃の範囲である、請求項6に記載のメタン化方法。
- 使用される合成ガスが、2.5〜4の範囲のH2/CO比を有する、請求項6または7に記載のメタン化方法。
- 使用される合成ガスが、10体積%以上のCH4含量を有する、請求項6〜8のいずれか1項に記載のメタン化方法。
- 使用される合成ガスが、2〜16体積%の水蒸気含量を有する、請求項6〜9のいずれか1項に記載のメタン化方法。
- 使用される合成ガスが、少なくとも以下の成分および体積割合:36〜42体積%の範囲のCH4含量、35〜45体積%の範囲のH2含量、9〜12体積%の範囲のCO含量、8〜12体積%の範囲のH2O含量および0〜3体積%の範囲のCO2含量を有する、請求項6〜10のいずれかに記載のメタン化方法。
- ≦2体積%のCO含量を有する生成物ストリームが得られ、かつ/または、得られた生成物ストリームの少なくとも一部を供給流体ストリーム中にフィードバックし、触媒ともう一度接触させる、請求項6〜11のいずれかに記載のメタン化方法。
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WO2013068905A1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-16 | Basf Se | Process for producing reforming catalyst and reforming of methane |
CN104028270A (zh) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-10 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | 一种甲烷化催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN105817219B (zh) * | 2015-01-04 | 2018-10-16 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | 一种甲烷化催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
WO2018219992A1 (de) | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur kohlenstoffdioxid-hydrierung in gegenwart eines nickel- und magnesiumspinellhaltigen katalysators |
WO2021152614A1 (en) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-05 | Institute Of Chemical Technology | Catalyst for co2 methanation reaction having high activity and long term stability and process thereof |
CN114250357B (zh) * | 2020-09-22 | 2023-07-25 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | 高氢低碳烧结料层结构、烧结系统及方法 |
CN113368851A (zh) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | 一种制备氧化物负载金属的方法及应用 |
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EP2226308B1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2018-10-17 | Toda Kogyo Corp. | Molded porous article, method for production thereof, catalyst carrier, and catalyst |
KR100991263B1 (ko) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-11-01 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 천연가스를 수증기와 이산화탄소로 동시에 개질하는 혼합개질 반응용 니켈계 촉매 |
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- 2012-11-07 JP JP2014540604A patent/JP6125518B2/ja active Active
- 2012-11-07 RU RU2014123057/04A patent/RU2014123057A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-11-07 EP EP12847684.3A patent/EP2776164A4/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-11-07 WO PCT/IB2012/056208 patent/WO2013068931A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-11-07 KR KR1020147015235A patent/KR20140097308A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-11-07 CN CN201280066200.6A patent/CN104039452B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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KR20140097308A (ko) | 2014-08-06 |
WO2013068931A1 (de) | 2013-05-16 |
ZA201404092B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
EP2776164A4 (de) | 2015-08-19 |
CA2854914A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
JP2015502247A (ja) | 2015-01-22 |
RU2014123057A (ru) | 2015-12-20 |
CN104039452B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
CN104039452A (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
EP2776164A1 (de) | 2014-09-17 |
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