JP6092423B2 - 陰極活物質用複合金属の製造方法 - Google Patents
陰極活物質用複合金属の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6092423B2 JP6092423B2 JP2015547841A JP2015547841A JP6092423B2 JP 6092423 B2 JP6092423 B2 JP 6092423B2 JP 2015547841 A JP2015547841 A JP 2015547841A JP 2015547841 A JP2015547841 A JP 2015547841A JP 6092423 B2 JP6092423 B2 JP 6092423B2
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- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 39
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明の陰極活物質を製造する方法は特に制限されず、例えば、この分野において公知されている多様な微細粉末の製造技法(ガスアトマイザー法、遠心ガスアトマイザー法、プラズマアトマイザー法、回転電極法、メカニカルアロイング法など)を利用することができる。実施例1ではSi及びマトリックスを構成する成分を混合し、混合物をアーク溶解法などで溶融させた後、前記溶融物を回転する銅ロ−ルで噴射させる単ロール急冷凝固法に適用して活物質を製造した。
SixNiyMzの合金中に転移金属をTiにしてSi65.41Ni25.69Ti8.90にすること以外には実施例1と同様に実施した。
SixNiyMzの合金中に転移金属をFeにしてSi65.40Ni25.69Fe8.91にすること以外には実施例1と同様に実施した。
SixNiyMzの合金中に転移金属をAlにしてSi65.40Ni25.70Al8.90にすること以外には実施例1と同様に実施した。
Si60Fe14Al26にする合金を製造したが、この時、Si60Fe14Al26を製造して陰極活物質として活用した。
SixNiyMzの合金中に転移金属をTiにしてSi40Ni20Ti40にすること以外には実施例1と同様に実施した。
SixNiyMzの合金中に転移金属をFeにしてSi45Ni25Fe30にすること以外には実施例1と同様に実施した。
SixNiyMzの合金中に転移金属をAlにしてSi48Ni30Al22にすること以外には実施例1と同様に実施した。
製造された陰極活物質に対してSEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy)分析を遂行した。図1は、実施例1〜実施例4の陰極活物質を拡大したSEM写真である。前記陰極活物質でSi相がマトリックス上に均一に分散析出されていることを確認することができた。
実施例1〜4で製造された陰極活物質に対し、Cukα線XRD測定を遂行し、その結果を図2に示した。分析の際に測定の角度は20°ないし100°で、測定速度は1分当り5.7°で設定した。
実施例1〜実施例4、及び比較例1〜比較例4で製造された陰極活物質を利用してコイン形状の二次電池を製造し、充電・放電の評価を実施した後、その結果を図4に示した。コイン形状の極板の製造時に活物質、導電剤(Super P系列導電剤)及びバインダー(PI系列バインダー)の混合の割合は、重量費77:15:2:6(活物質:添加剤:導電剤:バインダー)になるようにして製造した。製造された極板に対して0.5℃で1回実施した後、充電・放電を測定しており、これは下記の表1のとおりである。
非晶質化度の測定は、合金のXRDパターンを利用した非晶質化度の計算式を利用して求めることができる。
非晶質化度%=((全体面積−結晶化面積)÷全体面積)×100
非晶質化度が高いほど非晶質領域が多いか、または微細結晶領域及び非晶質領域が多いということを意味し、これによって緩衝作用をする領域によって体積の膨脹要素が減るとみることができる。実施例1〜実施例4及び比較例1〜比較例4の非晶質化度は、下記の表1のとおりである。
0.5℃で充電・放電を50回繰り返してこれを測定し、その結果は、図5に示されたとおりである。前記充電・放電方式は、この分野において一般的に公知されているリチウム二次電池用活物質に対する充電・放電方式に準して遂行した。
Claims (1)
- Si、Ni、並びにAl、Cu、Ti及びFeからなる群より一つ以上選択される金属からなる合金であって、SixNiyMz(MはAl、Cu、Ti及びFeからなる群より一つ以上選択される前記金属、x、y、zはそれぞれ原子%)からなり、
非晶質領域が存在するように、前記x、y、zは、50≦x≦90、1≦y≦49、1≦z≦49、及びx+y+z=100になるように複合金属を合金し、
前記複合金属のXRDパターンの回折角度2θ=20゜〜100゜の範囲で、下記(式)で表される非晶質化度は30〜45%であることを特徴とする陰極活物質用複合金属の製造方法。
非晶質化度(%)=((全体面積−結晶化面積)÷全体面積)×100・・・(式)
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