JP6056869B2 - 逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法およびバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置 - Google Patents
逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法およびバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6056869B2 JP6056869B2 JP2014540898A JP2014540898A JP6056869B2 JP 6056869 B2 JP6056869 B2 JP 6056869B2 JP 2014540898 A JP2014540898 A JP 2014540898A JP 2014540898 A JP2014540898 A JP 2014540898A JP 6056869 B2 JP6056869 B2 JP 6056869B2
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- water
- reverse osmosis
- osmosis membrane
- water flow
- biofilm
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Description
原水取水口を備えた原水取水部、前処理部、逆浸透膜モジュールを備えた逆浸透膜ろ過部、をこの順に有し、前記逆浸透膜モジュールを透過した逆浸透膜透過水を系外に取り出す透過水出口と、前記逆浸透膜モジュールを透過しなかった逆浸透膜非透過水を系外に取り出す濃縮水出口とを有する逆浸透膜ろ過プラントを運転する方法であって、
前記原水取水口より下流かつ前記濃縮水出口より上流の間の少なくとも1つの場所を流れる水を分取し、該分取した水を、流れ方向に分割可能な通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置に通水し、該通水容器の一部を分割して取出し通水面上のバイオフィルム量を継続的に測定し、該バイオフィルム量の推移に基づいて、前記原水取水部、前記前処理部、および前記逆浸透膜ろ過部からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの運転制御を行う逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法、である。
通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置であって、前記通水容器が筒状の単位通水容器を複数連結して形成されてなり、前記単位通水容器は前記流れ方向の両端にネジ溝が設けられているバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置、
または、
通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置であって、前記通水容器が単位通水容器を複数連結して形成されてなり、前記単位通水容器は前記流れ方向の両端で嵌合式接続部材が設けられているバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置、である。
砂ろ過処理設備を前処理とし、高圧ポンプ、直径4インチの架橋芳香族ポリアミド系逆浸透膜モジュールなどから構成される海水淡水化実験装置を設置した。
ATP測定には携帯型分析装置“ルミテスター”(登録商標)C−100(キッコーマン(株)製)及び専用試薬キット“ルシフェール”(登録商標)250プラス(キッコーマン(株)製)を使用した。またサンプルや試薬の分注には、“ピペットマン”(登録商標)(ギルソン製、1000μL用、200μL用)とオートクレーブ(121℃、15分)処理したチップを用い、分注や測定には、測定用“ルミチューブ”(登録商標)(キッコーマン(株)製、3mL用)を容器として用いた。チップやチューブは使い捨てで使用した。
(実施例1)
比較例1に記載の海水淡水化実験装置の砂ろ過処理後で高圧ポンプより上流の管路に、12本の分岐管を設け、そのうちの4つの分岐管について、各管から評価水を分取し、バイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置(内径13mm、単位通水容器の長さ33mmが20個接続したもので、端部含めて合計長さ60cm強の円柱カラム(図2〜4に示した態様))にブレードホースで評価水を供給、1.5L/minの流量で通水した。単位通水容器には、遮光性を有する、黒色の水道用硬質塩化ビニル配管(HIVP)を用いた。単位通水容器内面には、逆浸透膜モジュールに使用している品種と同じ逆浸透膜で長さ27mm×41mmを、図4に示す通り原水側(機能層)を内向きになるように固定・収容した。
(実施例2)
実施例1に記載の海水淡水化実験装置の、砂ろ過処理後で高圧ポンプより上流に設けた12本の分岐管のうち、4つの分岐管について、各管から評価水を分取し、実施例1と同じ時期に通水容器の外側から着脱可能で、通水容器から分割可能な固定部を複数有し、前記固定部は前記通水容器の内側でバイオフィルム形成基材を保持する手段を有するバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置(内径13mm、綿棒が20本固定されたもので、端部含めて合計長さ60cm強の円柱カラム)(図9)にブレードホースで評価水を供給、1.5L/minの流量で通水した。通水容器には、遮光性を有する、黒色の水道用硬質塩化ビニル配管(HIVP)を用いた。
(実施例3)
実施例1に記載の海水淡水化実験装置の、砂ろ過処理後で高圧ポンプより上流に設けた12本の分岐管のうち1つの分岐管から、実施例1とは別の時期に評価水を分取し、実施例1と同じ形態のバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置(内径13mm、単位通水容器の長さ33mmが20個接続したもので、端部含めて合計長さ60cm強の円柱カラム(図2〜4に示した態様)にブレードホースで評価水を供給、1.5L/minの流量で通水した。単位通水容器には、遮光性を有する、黒色の水道用硬質塩化ビニル配管(HIVP)を用いた。
測定3日目には、バイオフィルム量が検出限界以下で、測定6日目から約20pg/cm2/dayの速度で増加した。
(実施例4)
実施例1に記載の海水淡水化実験装置の、砂ろ過処理後で高圧ポンプより上流に設けた12本の分岐管のうち1つの分岐管について、実施例3と同じ時期に評価水を分取し、実施例1と同じ形態のバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置(内径13mm、単位通水容器の長さ33mmが20個接続したもので、端部含めて合計長さ60cm強の円柱カラム(図2〜4に示した態様)にブレードホースで評価水を供給、1.5L/minの流量で通水した。単位通水容器には、遮光性を有する、黒色の水道用硬質塩化ビニル配管(HIVP)を用いた。本試験では、単位通水容器内面には、逆浸透膜モジュールに使用している品種と同じ逆浸透膜で長さ27mm×41mmを、図4に示す通り原水側(機能層)を内向きになるように固定・収容した。
2:取水ポンプ
3:次亜塩素酸溶液貯槽
4:凝集剤溶液貯槽
5:pH調整溶液貯槽
6:砂ろ過装置
7:中間槽
8:保安フィルター
9:亜硫酸水素ナトリウム溶液貯槽
10:殺菌剤溶液貯槽
11:逆浸透膜モジュール
12:逆浸透膜透過水水槽
13:pH調整溶液貯槽
14:カルシウム溶液貯槽
15:洗浄剤溶液貯槽
16a:分割可能な通水容器
16b:分割可能な通水容器
16c:分割可能な通水容器
16d:分割可能な通水容器
16e:分割可能な通水容器
17a:枝分かれ配管
17b:枝分かれ配管
17c:枝分かれ配管
17d:枝分かれ配管
17e:枝分かれ配管
18:透過水送水管
19:流量調節バルブ
21:次亜塩素酸溶液供給ポンプ
22:凝集剤溶液供給ポンプ
23:pH調整溶液供給ポンプ
24:亜硫酸水素ナトリウム溶液供給ポンプ
25:殺菌剤溶液供給ポンプ
26:pH調整溶液供給ポンプ
27:カルシウム溶液供給ポンプ
28:洗浄剤溶液供給ポンプ
29:高圧ポンプ
30:送液ポンプ
31:逆浸透膜非透過水無害化溶液貯槽
32:逆浸透膜非透過水無害化処理槽
33:逆浸透膜非透過水排水管
34:逆浸透膜非透過水無害化溶液供給ポンプ
50:ホース
51:流量計
52:ワンタッチ式ジョイント
53:通水容器開閉部
54:従来技術の通水容器
55a:“テフロン”(登録商標)リング
55b:逆浸透膜片
56:流量調節バルブ
57:リングフックのついたステンレス棒
58:流れの方向
60:分割可能な通水容器
60a:単位通水容器
61:分割可能な通水容器の通水面
62:逆浸透膜の膜片
65:バイオフィルム形成基材
66:容器外側から着脱可能な固定部
67:容器外側から着脱可能な固定部(フタ用)
68:通水容器
100:原水取水部
200:前処理部
300:逆浸透膜ろ過部
501:原水取水口
502:透過水出口
503:濃縮水出口
Claims (14)
- 原水取水口を備えた原水取水部、前処理部、逆浸透膜モジュールを備えた逆浸透膜ろ過部、をこの順に有し、前記逆浸透膜モジュールを透過した逆浸透膜透過水を系外に取り出す透過水出口と、前記逆浸透膜モジュールを透過しなかった逆浸透膜非透過水を系外に取り出す濃縮水出口とを有する逆浸透膜ろ過プラントを運転する方法であって、
前記原水取水口より下流かつ前記濃縮水出口より上流の間の少なくとも1つの場所を流れる水を分取し、該分取した水を、流れ方向に分割可能な通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置に通水し、該通水容器の一部を分割して取出し通水面上のバイオフィルム量を継続的に測定し、該バイオフィルム量の推移に基づいて、前記原水取水部、前記前処理部、および前記逆浸透膜ろ過部からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの運転制御を行い、
前記通水容器が単位通水容器を複数連結して形成されてなり、前記単位通水容器は前記流れ方向の両端に接続部が設けられている
逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。 - 前記通水容器が筒状の単位通水容器を複数連結して形成されてなり、前記単位通水容器は前記流れ方向の両端にネジ溝が設けられている請求項1に記載の逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。
- 前記通水容器が単位通水容器を複数連結して形成されてなり、前記単位通水容器は前記流れ方向の両端で嵌合式接続部材が設けられている請求項1に記載の逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。
- ナノろ過膜または逆浸透膜の膜片を、膜の原水側が単位通水容器の内向きになるようにして、前記単位通水容器の通水面側に配置している請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。
- 前記通水容器が、軟質素材で形成された筒状物である請求項1に記載の逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。
- 原水取水口を備えた原水取水部、前処理部、逆浸透膜モジュールを備えた逆浸透膜ろ過部、をこの順に有し、前記逆浸透膜モジュールを透過した逆浸透膜透過水を系外に取り出す透過水出口と、前記逆浸透膜モジュールを透過しなかった逆浸透膜非透過水を系外に取り出す濃縮水出口とを有する逆浸透膜ろ過プラントを運転する方法であって、
前記原水取水口より下流かつ前記濃縮水出口より上流の間の少なくとも1つの場所を流れる水を分取し、該分取した水を、流れ方向に分割可能な通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置に通水し、該通水容器の一部を分割して取出し通水面上のバイオフィルム量を継続的に測定し、該バイオフィルム量の推移に基づいて、前記原水取水部、前記前処理部、および前記逆浸透膜ろ過部からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの運転制御を行い、
前記通水容器が、前記通水容器の外側から着脱可能な固定部を複数有し、前記固定部は前記通水容器の内側でバイオフィルム形成基材を保持する手段を有する
逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。 - 前記固定部の、前記バイオフィルム形成基材を保持する手段が、ネジ式または嵌合式による接続である請求項6に記載の逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。
- 前記通水容器が遮光性を有する請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の逆浸透膜ろ過プラントの運転方法。
- 通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置であって、前記通水容器が筒状の単位通水容器を複数連結して形成されてなり、前記単位通水容器は前記流れ方向の両端にネジ溝が設けられているバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置。
- 通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置であって、前記通水容器が単位通水容器を複数連結して形成されてなり、前記単位通水容器は前記流れ方向の両端で嵌合式接続部材が設けられているバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置。
- ナノろ過膜または逆浸透膜の膜片を、膜の原水側が内向きになるようにして、前記単位通水容器の通水面側に配置している請求項9または10に記載のバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置。
- 通水容器からなるバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置であって、前記通水容器は前記通水容器の外側から着脱可能な固定部を複数有し、前記固定部は前記通水容器の内側でバイオフィルム形成基材を保持する手段を有するバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置。
- 前記固定部の、前記バイオフィルム形成基材を保持する手段が、ネジ式または嵌合式による接続である請求項12に記載のバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置。
- 通水容器が遮光性を有する請求項9〜13のいずれかに記載のバイオフィルム形成モニタリング装置。
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