JP6046605B2 - 再帰反射性物品を形成する方法 - Google Patents
再帰反射性物品を形成する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6046605B2 JP6046605B2 JP2013504873A JP2013504873A JP6046605B2 JP 6046605 B2 JP6046605 B2 JP 6046605B2 JP 2013504873 A JP2013504873 A JP 2013504873A JP 2013504873 A JP2013504873 A JP 2013504873A JP 6046605 B2 JP6046605 B2 JP 6046605B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
- G02B5/124—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00605—Production of reflex reflectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/16—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin specially treated, e.g. irradiated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/263—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer having non-uniform thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
- E01F9/506—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users characterised by the road surface marking material, e.g. comprising additives for improving friction or reflectivity; Methods of forming, installing or applying markings in, on or to road surfaces
- E01F9/524—Reflecting elements specially adapted for incorporation in or application to road surface markings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0284—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in reflection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
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- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Description
約53インチ(134.6cm)幅、0.05mm(0.002インチ)厚のコロナ処理を施したポリエチレンテレフタレートキャリア上に、0.01cm(4ミル)のフィルムとしてエチレンアクリル酸(EAA)(Dow Company(Midland,MI)から商品名「Primacor 3440」で市販されている)をキャストしてオーバーレイフィルムを作製した。C.W.Brabender Instruments Inc.(South Hackensack,N.J.)から入手可能な1.9cm(3/4インチ)の単軸スクリュー押出成形機にEAAのペレットを送り込んだ。押出成形機の温度特性は、140℃(284°F)〜175℃(347°F)であり、その結果、溶解温度は約175℃(347°F)であった。押出成形機から排出された溶解樹脂として水平ダイ(Extrusion Dies Industries LLC(Chippewa Falls,WI)から商品名「Ultraflex−40」で市販されている)を通過させ、上記のPETキャリア上にキャストした。PETキャリアは、約36メートル/分(120フィート/分)の速度で移動した。PETキャリア上の結果として生じた溶解オーバーレイフィルムを、ゴム製ロールと冷却した鋼鉄製バックアップロールとの間に走らせ、溶解樹脂を層に凝固させた。EAA表面は、1.5J/cm2のエネルギーでコロナ処理を施された。
構造化層は、基材層上に構造体を作製して調製した。幾つかの実施形態では、構造体は、基材層上にバリア材料(バリア層に用いられる材料)を選択的に塗布して(例えば、パターン印刷、パターンコーティング)作製した。あるいは、バリア材料を剥離層上に塗布し、次にバリア材料を含有する剥離層を基材層に積層させた。幾つかの実施形態では、構造化層は、工具を使用して基材層上にパターンを付与して調製した。幾つかの実施形態では、基材層は接着剤層である。再帰反射性光学構造体は、構造化層を再帰反射性層に積層させて調製した。バリア材料はキューブコーナーミクロ構造体に接触していた。
再帰反射性層は、異なるロットの材料を使用したことを除いて、上記の通り調製した。
米国特許第5,804,610号(Hamer)(参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)の記載の通り、放射線重合性の感圧性接着剤(PSA)を調製した。PSA組成物は、95重量部のアクリル酸イソオクチル(IOA)、5重量部のアクリル酸(AA)、0.15重量部のIrgacure 651(Ciba Corporation、現BASF Company(NJ)から市販されている)、0.10重量部の4−アクリロイル−オキシ−ベンゾフェノン(ABP)、005重量部のチオグリコール酸イソオクチル(IOTG)、及び0.4重量部のIrganox 1076(Ciba Corporationから市販されている)を混合して作製した。PSA組成物は、0.0635mm厚のエチレンビニルアセテートコポリマーフィルム(Pliant Corporation(Dallas,TX)から商品名「VA−24」で市販されている)で作製した、約10センチメートル×5センチメートルの寸法の熱密封した容器に入れた。次に、PSA組成物を重合させた。重合後、PSA組成物は、10%のTiO2色素と化合し、米国特許第5,804,610号に一般に記載される通り、約27グレイン/4インチ×6インチ(11.3mg/cm2)試料の厚さでシリコーン剥離ライナー上にフィルムとしてキャストする。次に、PSAフィルムは放射線架橋工程を施される。
PSA組成物は、モノマー比が90/10のIOA/AAであり、TiO2を使用しなかったこと除いて、実施例1〜5に記載の通り調製した。PSA組成物は、フィルムとして0.8グレイン/インチ2(7.95mg/cm2)の厚さでキャストした。
バリア材料は、実施例1〜5のUVインクジェットプリンタ及び黄色のインクジェットインクを使用して、シリコーンコーティングを施した剥離層上に印刷した。使用したインクレベルは、100%だった。実施例1〜5に記載のドットパターンを使用した。図6に概略的に示す。印刷剥離層7は、以下の表4に詳細を記載した印刷パターンを用いて調製した。
バリア材料は、シリコーンコーティングを施した剥離層に白色のUV架橋性スクリーン印刷インク(3M Company(St.Paul,MN)から商品名「9808Series」で市販されている)を(A.W.T.World Trade,Inc.(Chicago,IL)から入手可能なAccu−Printプリンタを使用して)スクリーン印刷して作製した。380メッシュ画面を用いて、実施例1〜5のドット印刷パターンを使用してバリア材料を作製した。印刷剥離層8は、実施例1〜5の印刷パターンを用いて調製した。
構造化層は、エンボス加工ロールを使用して、米国特許第6,254,675号(Mikami)(参照によって本明細書に組み込む)に一般に記載される通り調製した。エンボス加工ロールは、レーザーで機械加工され、米国特許第6,254,675号の図4aに示されるように、露出面を有する切頭四角錐と、第1の角錐の露出面に配置された第2の四角錐の形状を有するパターンをもたらした。この構造体は、米国特許第6,254,675号の実施例6に一般に記載される通り、200μmのピッチ、15μmの高さ、及び25μmの幅を有した。Rexam又はInncoatから入手な可能なものなどのポリエチレン上にシリコーンコーティングを有する、ポリエチレンでコーティングを施した紙の剥離ライナーは、加熱したゴム製ロールとエンボス加工ロールとの間でエンボス加工して、隆起部を有するミクロ構造化ライナーを製造した。ゴム製ロールは110℃の温度に加熱した。剥離ライナーは110℃の表面温度に加熱してから、ゴム製ロールとエンボス加工ロールとの間にニップを入れた。剥離ライナーは、エンボス加工ロールの約半分まで移動させてから冷却缶へ移動させて、ライナーを冷却した。
以下の説明は、実施例10〜13の調製で使用した:米国特許第6,285,001号(Fleming)(参照により本明細書に組み込む)に一般に記載されるレーザーアブレーション装置を使用して、高分子フィルムに所定のパターンを付与した。レーザーアブレーション装置は、248nmの光波長の光線を出力するKrFエキシマレーザーと、標準的な半導体リソグラフィマスク技術を使用して製造されたパターン付きマスクと、マスクを通過して基材に光のパターンの画像を投影する撮像レンズと、を備えていた。基材は、銅層に接着された5ミル(0.127mm)厚のポリイミド層を含んだ。基材にパターン照射を与えた。ポリイミド層内の結果として生じた構造体は、図4に示す六角形チャネルのパターンを含んだ。各六角形は、幅0.731mm、長さ0.832mmであった。図4Aに示すように、チャネルの幅、即ち、隣接する六角形の各隣接壁間の距離は0.212mm(幅d)、1つの六角形の中心と隣接する六角形の中心との間の距離は0.943mm(ピッチD)であった。
再帰反射性層は、比較例A1及びA2に記載の通り調製した。
酸/アクリレート修飾エチレンビニルアセテート(EVA)ポリマー(Dow Corning(Michigan,USA)から商品名「Bynel 3101」で市販されている)の2層構造体を含む封止層は共押出し成形で調製した。第1の層は透明であり、第2の層は、押出し成形中にTiO2を添加したため有色であった。20重量%の80/20のTiO2/EVA配合物と混合したBynel3101のペレットを押出し成形機に送り込み、厚さ0.005cm(2ミル)の白色フィルムとしてPETキャリア上にキャストした。透明層(即ち、TiO2を含有しない)は、厚さ0.002cm(1ミル)のフィルムとしてキャストし、約1J/cm2のエネルギーでコロナ処理を施した。
封止層は、再帰反射性層への積層前に低屈折率材料で構造化封止層をコーティングしたことを除いて、実施例10に記載の通り調製した。
PSAフィルムは、実施例6に記載の通り調製した。構造化接着フィルムは、実施例10に記載の通り、接着フィルムをポリイミド層に押圧して得た。
構造化接着フィルムは、実施例11の低屈折率コーティング組成物で構造化接着剤をコーティングしたことを除いて、実施例12に記載の通り調製した。再帰反射性光学構造体は、室温でハンドローラーを使用して、コーティングを施した構造化接着フィルムを再帰反射性層に積層させて調製した。フィルムの接着面は、キューブコーナーミクロ構造体に接触していた。
3M Company(St.Paul,MN)から商品名「Diamond Grade 3910」で市販されているシールされたプリズム再帰反射性シートを入手した。
3M Companyから商品名「License Plate Sheeting Series 4770」で市販されているビード型再帰反射性シートを入手した。
実施例10に記載の通り調製した封止層を入手した。
以下の説明は、比較例F、G、H、及び実施例14〜19の調製で使用した:再帰反射性層は、キューブ構造体が、101.6マイクロメートル(0.004インチ)のピッチ、即ちプライマリ溝間隔を有する3組の交差溝を有したことを除いて、「再帰反射性層の調製」に記載の通り調製した。交差溝は、58度、58度、64度の夾角を有する、キューブコーナーの底面三角形を形成し、49.6マイクロメートル(0.00195インチ)の高さのキューブコーナー要素をもたらす。プライマリ溝間隔は、底面三角形の2つの58度の底角を形成する溝の間の溝間隔として定義する。
Claims (1)
- 再帰反射性物品を形成する方法であって、
主面及び該主面の反対側の構造化面を備える再帰反射性層を用意する工程と、
第1の領域及び該第1の領域に対して隆起する第2の領域を有する封止層を形成する工程と、
前記封止層の前記第1の領域に隣接してバリア層を設ける工程と、
形成した前記封止層を、前記第2の領域が前記構造化面と接触し、前記第1の領域が前記構造化面と接触しないように、前記構造化面に付着させる工程と、を含む、方法。
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PCT/US2010/031284 WO2011129831A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-04-15 | Retroreflective articles including optically active areas and optically inactive areas |
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JP2013527935A JP2013527935A (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
JP6046605B2 true JP6046605B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 |
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US (2) | US9791604B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2558288B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6046605B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101954457B1 (ja) |
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WO2011129831A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
JP2013527935A (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
US20130114142A1 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
CN102844175A (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
CN102844175B (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
MX341289B (es) | 2016-08-12 |
US9791604B2 (en) | 2017-10-17 |
US20180003868A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
EP2558288A4 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
US10859738B2 (en) | 2020-12-08 |
EP2558288B1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
MX2012012023A (es) | 2012-12-17 |
KR20130092395A (ko) | 2013-08-20 |
KR101954457B1 (ko) | 2019-03-05 |
EP2558288A1 (en) | 2013-02-20 |
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