JP5865506B2 - セラミック材料およびこのセラミック材料の製造方法と、このセラミック材料を備えた電子セラミックデバイス - Google Patents
セラミック材料およびこのセラミック材料の製造方法と、このセラミック材料を備えた電子セラミックデバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP5865506B2 JP5865506B2 JP2014540384A JP2014540384A JP5865506B2 JP 5865506 B2 JP5865506 B2 JP 5865506B2 JP 2014540384 A JP2014540384 A JP 2014540384A JP 2014540384 A JP2014540384 A JP 2014540384A JP 5865506 B2 JP5865506 B2 JP 5865506B2
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 35
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- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
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- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium zirconium Chemical compound [Ti].[Zr] PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
Pb1-(3x/2)-a-pNdxK2aCu2pVPb(x/2)-a-p(Zr1-yTiy)O3
各パラメータの制限は、0.0001≦x≦0.06,0.0001≦a≦0.03,0.35≦y≦0.60,および0<p<((x/2)−a)であり、好ましい組成領域では、0.015≦x≦0.025,0.002≦a≦0.0125,0.45≦y≦0.55,および0<p<((x/2)−a)である。VPbは鉛の空位を示す。
Pb1-(3x/2)-aNdxK2aVPb(x/2)-a(Zr1-yTiy)O3
各パラメータの制限は、0.0001≦x≦0.06,0.0001≦a≦0.03,0.35≦y≦0.60であり、好ましい組成領域では、0.015≦x≦0.025,0.002≦a≦0.0125,0.45≦y≦0.55である。VPbは鉛の空位を示す。
Pb1-x/2NdxK2aVPbx/2(Zr1-yTiy)O3
ここで、0.0001≦x≦0.06,0.45≦y≦0.55であり、VPbは鉛の空位を示す。PbとNdの異なる、それぞれ2+と3+の電荷から生じる空位濃度は、内部電極からセラミックへのCuイオンの拡散を可能とし、ここでこのCuイオンが結晶格子の中に組込まれる。この問題は、本発明の実施形態においては、結晶格子のAサイトへのK+および場合によってはCu+イオンの組込によって低減あるいは解決される。このようにAサイトにおけるPb空位(VPb)の補填は、内部電極からの銅がセラミックに拡散しようとすることを低減し、このCuイオンのマイグレーションを低減し、あるいは完全に阻止すらする。
0.015PbO+(Pb0.97VPb0.01Nd0.02)(Zr0.5515Ti0.4485)O3,
(d33:690pm/V),
追加的にNiを含む以下の式のセラミックの圧電定数d33とを比較すると、
0.015PbO+(Pb0.975VPb0.005Nd0.02)(Zr0.5515Ti0.4485)0.995Ni0.005)O3,
(d33:740pm/V),
このd33の値が顕著に上昇していることが分かる。これは同じ電圧を印加した際により大きな伸張が生じることを意味している。本発明による、Nd,Kおよび場合によってはCuでドーピングされたPZTセラミックにより、さらなる改善が得られる。たとえばこの変位パラメータd33は、NiでドーピングされたPZT標準セラミックに対し33%大きくなる(以下の実施形態例に示す表1で比較)。こうして、改善された圧電特性は、このセラミックを用いた実施形態例の性能を高める。
A1)Pb,Zr,Ti,Ndおよび酸素を含む出発材料を粉砕し混合することによりセラミック原材料混合物を製造するステップ。
B1)Kを含む化合物を投入し、場合によってはCuまたはCuを含む化合物を投入するステップ。
C1)この原材料混合物をか焼(Kalzinieren)するステップ。
D1)セラミックに焼結するステップ。
A2)上述の方法の1つによって製造された、セラミックグリーンシートを準備するステップ。
B2)セラミックグリーンシートを積層して積層体とするステップ。
C2)ラミネーション加工によってこの積層体を固めるステップ。
D2)グリーン部品を脱バインダするステップ。
E2)このグリーン部品を焼結するステップ。
A3)Pb,Zr,Ti,Nd,および酸素を含む出発材料を粉砕して混合することによって第1のセラミック原材料混合物を製造するステップ。
B3)この第1のセラミック原材料混合物をか焼するステップ。
C3)このか焼された第1のセラミック原材料混合物を粉砕して、Kを含有する化合物と混合して第2のセラミック原材料混合物を製造するステップ。
D3)この第2のセラミック原材料混合物をか焼するステップ。
E3)ステップD3)後のセラミック原材料混合物にバインダを添加するステップ。
F3)ステップE3)後の混合物からグリーンシートを成型するステップ。
G3)ステップF3)後のグリーンシートに、内部電極を印刷するステップ。ここでこの内部電極の材料はCuを含む。
H3)ステップG3)後の複数のセラミックグリーンシートを積層して積層体とするステップ。
I3)この積層体をラミネーション加工により固めることによってグリーン部品を生成するステップ。
J3)このグリーン部品を脱バインダするステップ。
K3)このグリーン部品を焼結するステップ。ここで内部電極からCuの一部がセラミック材料に移動し、このセラミック材料に組込まれる。
Pb1-(3x/2)NdxVx/2(Zr1-yTiy)O3
で、0.35≦y≦0.60および0.0001≦x≦0.55に制限された混合物、好ましくは0.45≦y≦0.55および0.015≦x≦0.025に制限された混合物で、第1の転換が、たとえば925℃、2時間で行われる。
Pb1-(3x/2)-aNdxK2aV(x/2)-a(Zr1-yTiy)O3
に対応した、Kを含む化合物、たとえばK2CO3,KCH3COOまたはK2C2O4またはこれらの混合物の量の添加剤と共に、この分散粉末は、0.0001≦a≦0.03および好ましくは0.002≦a≦0.0125に制限されて、セラミックシートの製造用のスラリとされる。ここで好ましくは、非水性の分散媒体である、エタノール/トルオール混合物とポリビニルブチルのバインダの組み合わせ、またはメチルエチルケトン/イソプロパノール混合物とポリウレタンのバインダの組み合わせが用いられる。PZTペロブスカイト構造へのKアクセプターの組み込みは、この変形実施例Aでは、脱バインダされてから、Cu内部電極が設けられるアクチュータのシート積層体(Folienstapel)の焼結プロセスで行われる。
Pb1-(3x/2)-aNdxK2aV(x/2)-a(Zr1-yTiy)O3
に対応した、Kを含む化合物、たとえばK2CO3,KCH3COOまたはK2C2O4またはこれらの混合物の量が、0.0001≦a≦0.03および好ましくは0.002≦a≦0.0125に制限されて、添加されている。K+イオンの損失を防ぐために、スラリからの水の除去が、好ましくは乾燥機、たとえばロータリードライヤー(Walzentrockner)を用いて行われる。この変形実施例Bでは、このK+イオンは、既にこれに続く、たとえば950℃で2時間での2回目の転換で、PZTペロブスカイト構造に構成され、固化される。これに続いて、たとえばd50=0.3〜0.55μmとなるように、たとえば適宜1.5mol%までのZrO2球(≦0.8mm)を用いて、微細粉砕される。PbOは、PZTの化学式単位に関して、焼結助剤として添加される。加水分解による部分的溶出に基づくK+イオンの損失を避けるため、この段階で乾燥機、たとえばロータリードライヤーが用いられ、水の蒸発に利用される。変型例Aにおけるのと同様に、この微細分散紛体は、篩過された後、シート状スラリにされる。
Pb1-(3x/2)-a-pNdxK2aCu2pV(x/2)-a-p(Zr1-yTiy)O3,
2回目の転換の後の微細粉砕の間に、このような追加的なCuアクセプターのドーピングが0<p<((x/2)−a)の制限で行われ、続いてスラリーにされる。
Pb1-(3x/2)-a-pNdxK2aCu2pV(x/2)-a-p(Zr1-yTiy)O3,
パラメータを、x=0.02,a=0.0075,y=0.4485,およびp=0と変更したものを選択することにより、以下の組成が得られる。
Pb0.9625Nd0.02K0.015V0.0025(Zr0.5515Ti0.4485)O3
Pb0.97Nd0.02V0.01(Zr0.5515Cu0.4485)O3
が既に大部分形成されている。
Pb0.961Nd0.02K0.015Cu0.003V0.008(Zr0.5515Ti0.4485)O3
Pb0.9625Nd0.02K0.015V0.0025(Zr0.5515Ti0.4485)O3
に対応した量のK2CO3,KCH3COOまたはK2C2O4(a=0.0075)が添加される。
Pb0.961Nd0.02K0.015Cu0.003V0.008(Zr0.5515Ti0.4485)O3
Pb0.961Nd0.02K0.015Cu0.003V"0.008(Zr0.5515Ti0.4485)O3
の組成のPZTセラミックを有するアクチュエータ、およびNd/K,Niがドーピングされた、
Pb0.9735Nd0.02Cu0.003V0.0035[(Ti0.4485Zr0.5515)0.995Ni0.005]O3
の組成のPZTセラミックを有するアクチュエータの圧電特性および圧電機械(piezomechanische)特性をまとめると以下の表1のようになる。
Claims (15)
- 追加的にNd,K,およびCuを含むチタン酸ジルコン酸鉛を備えるセラミック材料であって、
化学式
Pb 1-(3x/2)-a-p Nd x K 2a Cu 2p V Pb(x/2)-a-p (Zr 1-y Ti y )O 3
で表される組成を有し、
各パラメータの制限は、0.0001≦x≦0.06,0.0001≦a≦0.03,0.35≦y≦0.60,および0<p<((x/2)−a)であり、V Pb は鉛の空位を示す、
ことを特徴とするセラミック材料。 - 請求項1に記載のセラミック材料において、
前記チタン酸ジルコン酸鉛は、ペロブスカイト格子の一般組成ABO3を備え、ここでAはペロブスカイト格子のAサイトであり、Bはペロブスカイト格子のBサイトであり、Nd,KおよびCuが前記ペロブスカイト格子のAサイトを占有することを特徴とするセラミック材料。 - 請求項1または2に記載のセラミック材料を備えることを特徴とする電子セラミックデバイス。
- 圧電アクチュエータとして形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の電子セラミックデバイス。
- 請求項4に記載の圧電アクチュエータにおいて、
請求項1または2に記載のセラミック材料を含む少なくとも2つの層と当該層間の内部電極とを備えることを特徴とする圧電アクチュエータ。 - 請求項1または2に記載のセラミック材料を製造するための方法であって、
A1)Pb,Zr,Ti,Nd,および酸素を含む出発材料を粉砕し、混合してセラミック原料混合物を生成するステップと、
B1)Kを含む化合物を投入し、およびCuあるいはCuを含む化合物を投入するステップと、
C1)前記セラミック混合物をか焼するステップと、
D1)前記セラミック混合物を焼結するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項6に記載の方法において、
前記ステップA1)の後であって、かつ前記ステップB1)の前に、追加的なステップA11)が行われ、
前記ステップA11)では、前記セラミック混合物がか焼されかつこれに続いて粉砕されることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項6または7に記載の方法において、Ndの添加が0.01〜6mol%の範囲で行われることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項6乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、
前記Kを含む化合物の投入、および前記CuあるいはCuを含む化合物の投入が、前記ステップC1)におけるか焼の前に行われることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項8乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、
前記Kを含む化合物の投入、および前記CuあるいはCuを含む化合物の投入が、前記ステップC1)におけるか焼の後に行われることを特徴とする方法 - 請求項6乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、
前記ステップC1)の後であって、かつ前記ステップD1)の前に、追加的なステップC11)が行われ、
前記ステップC11)では、か焼されたセラミック原料混合物が粉砕され、1.5mol%までのPbOおよびCu2Oと混合されることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記Cuの投入が、前記ステップD1)で行われることを特徴とする、請求項6乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項8乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、前記Kの投入および前記Cuの投入が、0.01〜6mol%の範囲で行われることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項6乃至13のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、
前記ステップD1)の前に、バインダを含むセラミック原料混合物がグリーンシートに成型されることを特徴とする方法。 - 電子セラミック多層デバイスを製造するための方法であって、
A2)請求項12に記載の方法によってセラミックグリーンシートを準備するステップと、
B2)前記セラミックグリーンシートを積層して積層体とするステップと、
C2)前記積層体をラミネーション加工により固めることによってグリーン部品を生成するステップと、
D2)前記グリーン部品を脱バインダするステップと、
E2)前記グリーン部品を焼結するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする方法。
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DE102011117709A1 (de) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | Epcos Ag | Keramikmaterial, Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben und elektrokeramisches Bauelement umfassend das Keramikmaterial |
EP2873103B1 (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2020-10-28 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric material and piezoelectric element using the same, and electronic apparatus using the piezoelectronic element |
JP6082161B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 京セラ株式会社 | 圧電磁器板および板状基体ならびに電子部品 |
DE102015117262B4 (de) | 2015-10-09 | 2022-09-22 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Bauelement zur Erzeugung eines aktiven haptischen Feedbacks |
DE102016107405A1 (de) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-26 | Epcos Ag | Piezokeramik, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und elektrokeramisches Bauelement umfassend die Piezokeramik |
DE102017116925B4 (de) * | 2017-07-26 | 2021-04-22 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Harte PZT-Keramik, piezoelektrisches Vielschichtbauelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines piezoelektrischen Vielschichtbauelements |
JP7491713B2 (ja) | 2020-03-27 | 2024-05-28 | Tdk株式会社 | 圧電素子、圧電アクチュエータ、および圧電トランス |
CN114213123B (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-04-14 | 广东奥迪威传感科技股份有限公司 | 压电陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
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GB2023567B (en) | 1978-02-08 | 1982-08-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrooptic ceramic material |
DE20023051U1 (de) | 1999-12-16 | 2003-01-09 | EPCOS AG, 81669 München | Piezoelektrisches Bauelement |
JP4259030B2 (ja) | 2001-10-23 | 2009-04-30 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 積層型圧電体セラミック素子およびそれを用いた積層型圧電体電子部品 |
DE10345499A1 (de) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-28 | Epcos Ag | Piezoelektrisches Keramikmaterial, Vielschichtbauelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Keramikmaterials |
EP1690844B1 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2012-11-21 | Kyocera Corporation | Piezoelectric ceramic and laminated piezoelectric device |
DE102005018791A1 (de) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-27 | Epcos Ag | Piezoaktor mit niedriger Streukapazität |
JP2006265071A (ja) | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Nec Tokin Corp | 圧電材料とその製造方法およびそれを用いた圧電素子 |
JP2007204346A (ja) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-16 | Iai:Kk | 圧電磁器組成物と圧電共振子 |
DE102007045089A1 (de) | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Epcos Ag | Keramikmaterial, Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben und elektrokeramisches Bauelement umfassend das Keramikmaterial |
DE102011112008B4 (de) * | 2011-08-30 | 2018-01-11 | Epcos Ag | Piezoelektrisches Bauelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines piezoelektrischen Bauelements |
DE102011117709A1 (de) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | Epcos Ag | Keramikmaterial, Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben und elektrokeramisches Bauelement umfassend das Keramikmaterial |
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WO2013064406A1 (de) | 2013-05-10 |
EP2773598B1 (de) | 2018-10-17 |
US20180006210A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
US9780296B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 |
US20140285070A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
EP2773598B8 (de) | 2018-12-26 |
KR20140097282A (ko) | 2014-08-06 |
KR101989289B1 (ko) | 2019-06-13 |
US10505101B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
CN104024180B (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
DE102011117709A1 (de) | 2013-05-08 |
KR101928605B1 (ko) | 2018-12-12 |
CN104024180A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
JP2016026993A (ja) | 2016-02-18 |
KR20180135082A (ko) | 2018-12-19 |
JP2015502312A (ja) | 2015-01-22 |
EP2773598A1 (de) | 2014-09-10 |
JP6104998B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
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