JP5851510B2 - 部品βの製造方法 - Google Patents
部品βの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5851510B2 JP5851510B2 JP2013529016A JP2013529016A JP5851510B2 JP 5851510 B2 JP5851510 B2 JP 5851510B2 JP 2013529016 A JP2013529016 A JP 2013529016A JP 2013529016 A JP2013529016 A JP 2013529016A JP 5851510 B2 JP5851510 B2 JP 5851510B2
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- Prior art keywords
- alloy film
- substrate
- component
- film
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 181
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 181
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 110
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910020938 Sn-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910008937 Sn—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910020888 Sn-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019204 Sn—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 187
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 15
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910017944 Ag—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910020816 Sn Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020922 Sn-Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018731 Sn—Au Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008783 Sn—Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Au] JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pb] LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
- C23C14/165—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon by cathodic sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
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Description
本願は、2011年08月16日に、日本に出願された特願2011−177893号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(手順10a)
図10Aに示すように基板100上に、下地膜101として、Au膜(密着層)、Ni膜(バリア層)、Ti膜、Al膜を順にスパッタ法により積層形成する。
(手順10b)
図10Bに示すように、後工程において部品をマウントする領域にあたる部分に、貫通孔102aを備えたテープ状のレジスト102を、前記下地膜101上に設ける。
(手順10c)
図10Cに示すように、前記レジスト102の貫通孔102aを通して見える前記下地膜101上に、少なくとも、はんだペースト103を塗布する。
図10Dに示すように、前記レジストの貫通孔102aを通して見える前記下地膜101上に、はんだペースト103を介して部品104を載置する。
(手順10e)
図10Eに示すように、熱処理を施し、前記基板100と前記下地膜101との間、前記下地膜101とはんだペースト103との間、及び、前記はんだペースト103と前記部品104との間、を各々接合する。
(手順10f)
最後に、図10Fに示すように、前記レジスト102を除去する。
さらに、部品が基板上に実装されてなる実装品を用いたパッケージにおいては、パッケージ全体の小型化の要求も強まっており、実装品自体の薄型化要求も厳しくなっている。
従来のように、はんだペーストを塗布することによりはんだ層を形成すると、例えば50μmとはんだ層の厚みが厚くなってしまう。はんだ層を薄くすると、機械的特性、電気的特性が低下してしまうという問題があり、実装品更にはパッケージの薄型化の妨げとなっていた。
前記工程B1と前記工程B3との間に、後工程において前記部品αをマウントされる領域にあたる部分に、貫通孔が形成された、テープ状のレジストを、前記合金膜上に設ける工程B2を更に備えていてもよい。
後述する各実施形態では、錫(Sn)を主成分とする合金ターゲットとして、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)及び、銅(Cu)を含有する合金ターゲットを用い、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)及び、銅(Cu)を含有する合金膜を形成した例について詳述する。しかしながら、本発明は、必ずしも、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)及び、銅(Cu)を含有する合金ターゲットに限定されるものでは無い。本発明に好適な錫(Sn)を主成分とする合金ターゲットとしては、例えば、Snを主成分として、銀(Ag)、銅(Cu)、亜鉛(Zn)、ビスマス(Bi)、インジウム(In)、アンチモン(Sb)、ニッケル(Ni)などを含むものが挙げられる。
図1A〜1Fは、本発明による部品の製造方法を説明する工程断面図である。
(手順1a)
まず、図1Aに示すように、一方の面10aがニッケル(Ni)からなる基板10を用い、一方の面10a上に、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)及び、銅(Cu)を含有する合金膜11をスパッタ法により形成する(工程A1)。
基板10は、一方の面がニッケルからなればよく、例えば、シリコン(Si)基板10の一面にニッケル(Ni)膜が形成されたものが好適に用いられる。以下では、この構成としたものを、Ni膜付き基板10とも呼ぶ。
特に本実施形態は、減圧雰囲気とした空間内に、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)及び、銅(Cu)を含有する合金ターゲットを設けたカソード電極60(図3参照)と、前記基板10を設けたアノード電極70(図3参照)とを対向して配置し、前記基板10の一方の面上に前記合金膜11を形成する際に、前記カソード電極60にDCパルス電圧を印加する。
図2において、スパッタ装置110は、基板(ウエハー)10の搬送室T0と、スパッタ処理をするスパッタ室S1、S2と、ロードロック室L/ULと、基板10の移載機T1とを備えている。
スパッタ装置110において、スパッタ室S1は、Si基板10の一面にNi膜を形成する成膜室であり、スパッタ室S2は、はんだ合金膜11を形成する成膜室である。2つのスパッタ室S1、S2は、後述するバルブ機構を介して搬送室T0と連通するように構成されているので、スパッタ室S1においてNi膜が形成されたシリコン(Si)基板10を、減圧雰囲気中を通って、はんだ合金膜11を形成するスパッタ室S2へ移動させることが可能となる。これにより、Ni膜の表面が酸化されることないので、Ni膜上にはんだ合金膜11を形成した際に、Ni膜とはんだ合金膜11との濡れ性が良好に保たれる。すなわち、Ni膜に対するはんだ合金膜11の濡れ性を良好に保つためには、Ni膜とはんだ膜は真空中一貫にて成膜することが望ましい。
なお、スパッタ装置110としては、例えばマグネトロンスパッタ装置が好適に用いられる。
このようなスパッタ装置110において、スパッタ室S2では、電極に、DC電圧(直流電圧)ではなく、DCパルス電圧を印加するDCパルススパッタによって、合金膜11を予めNi膜が形成された基板10の上に形成する。また、スパッタ室S2では、基板10をセットする静電チャックに温度制御部が設けられており、この静電チャックによって、基板10の温度上昇を抑えつつ、合金膜11を形成する。静電チャックに設けられた温度制御部は、基板10の温度を調整制御可能であり、スパッタ処理時には基板10を冷却して所定の温度に保持する。
図3はスパッタ室S3内に配置されている電極に、DCパルス電圧を印加するDCパルス電源ユニット50の構成を示す模式ブロック図である。図3において、DCパルス電源ユニット50は、DC電源51と、OFFパルス電源52と、印加電圧生成部53と、制御部54とを備えている。
図4A、図4Bは、DCパルス電源ユニット50の出力電圧波形を説明するタイムチャートである。図4Aは、DCパルススパッタ時に電極に印加するDCパルス電圧である。図4Bは、DCスパッタ時に電極に印加するDC電圧である。
(基板10の搬入)
まず、シリコン(Si)からなる基板(ウエハー)10を、移載機T1内のカセットC1にセットする。そして、ロードロック室L/ULをベントして、移載機T1との間のバルブ機構を開いたあと、上記カセットC1にセットした基板10をハンドラH1によってカセットC1からロードロック室L/UL内に移送する。
次に、搬送室T0とスパッタ室S1との間のバルブ機構を開き、ハンドラH0によってNi基板10を、搬送室T0からスパッタ室S1内に搬送する。そして、スパッタ室S1において、Ni膜を形成する。スパッタ室S1の成膜圧力を0.1Pa〜1.0Paとし、Ar流量を5sccm〜50sccmとした減圧雰囲気中において、Niターゲットを使用して、DCスパッタ法により、例えば膜厚0.2μm〜4.0μmのNi膜を形成する。そして、Ni膜を形成した後、搬送室T0との間のバルブ機構を開き、裏面(被成膜面)にNiが形成されたNi膜付き基板10を、ハンドラH0によってスパッタ室S1より搬送室T0に戻し、スパッタ室S1との間のバルブ機構を閉じる。
次に、搬送室T0とスパッタ室S2との間のバルブ機構を開き、ハンドラH0によってNi膜付き基板10を、搬送室T0からスパッタ室S2内に搬送する。そして、スパッタ室S2において、SnおよびCuを主成分としてAgを含有する合金膜11を成膜する。スパッタ室S2の成膜圧力を0.1Pa〜1.0Paとし、Ar流量を5sccm〜50sccmとした減圧雰囲気中において、Ag−Sn−Cu合金のはんだターゲット(Ag−Sn−Cu合金ターゲット)を使用して、DCパルススパッタ(マグネトロンスパッタ)によって例えば膜厚2μm〜10μmmのはんだ合金膜11を成膜する。そして、成膜終了後、搬送室T0との間のバルブ機構を開き、裏面(被成膜面)に合金膜11が形成されたNi膜付き基板10を、ハンドラH0によってスパッタ室S2より搬送室T0に戻し、スパッタ室S2との間のバルブ機構を閉じる。
その後、ロードロック室L/ULとの間のバルブ機構を開き、ハンドラH0によって、合金膜11を形成したNi膜付き基板10を搬送室T0から搬出し、搬送室T0とロードロック室L/ULの間のバルブ機構を閉じる。そして、ロードロック室L/ULをベントして、移載機T1との間のバルブ機構を開いたあと、移載機T1のハンドラH1によって、ロードロック室L/UL内の上記Ni膜付き基板10を、カセットC2に戻す。
DCスパッタは、一般に、RFスパッタよりもスパッタレートが高いが、基板10の温度が上昇すると、基板10に付着した金属が遊離し易くなるので、スパッタレートが低下する。そこで、基板10を冷却すれば、基板10に付着した金属が遊離し難くなるので、スパッタレートの低下を抑えることができる。本実施形態のはんだ合金膜11のDCパルススパッタでは、DCパルスのOFF期間t1(図4A参照)において基板10が冷却され、基板10の温度上昇を抑えることができるので、スパッタレートの低下を抑えることができ、RFスパッタよりも高いスパッタレートを確保できる。
上述したように、DCパルススパッタには優れた点が存在するが、本発明はDCパルススパッタに限定されるものではない。適切な構成とした成膜装置や適切な成膜条件などを設定することにより、DCパルススパッタに代えてDCスパッタを用いても、本発明は実現できる。
後述するように、Ni膜付き基板(あるいはNi基板10)10上に形成された合金膜11の上に部品14を載置し、熱処理(リフロー)して三者を接合する。このとき、合金膜11において基板10と接する側には、基板10に含まれるNiが侵入して、このNiとSnとの合金領域αが形成される。また、合金膜11において部品14と接する側には、部品14に含まれるCuまたはNiが侵入して、このCuまたはNiとSnとの合金領域βが形成される。これらの合金領域α、合金領域βは、いずれも1μm程度の厚みとなることを、本発明者らは確認した。そのため、合金膜11の厚みとしては、少なくとも(1μm+1μm=)2μmはあることが好ましい。一方、合金膜11が10μmよりも厚いと、膜にクラックが生じる虞がある。
次に、必要に応じて、図1Bに示すように、後工程において部品14をマウントする領域にあたる部分に貫通孔12aを備えたテープ状のレジスト12を、前記合金膜11上に設ける(工程A2)。後工程とは、組立、検査を行う工程のことである。
合金膜11上に、所定厚さのテープ状のレジスト12を張り付ける。テープ状のレジスト12には、後工程において部品14をマウントする領域にあたる部分に貫通孔12a(開口部)が設けられている。
テープ状のレジスト12としては、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、ポリイミドテープが用いられる。
次に、図1Cに示すように、(レジスト12を形成した場合には、レジスト12の貫通孔12aを通して見える)前記合金膜11上に、フラックス13を塗布して、前記合金膜11の表層をなす酸化膜を除去する(工程A6)。
合金膜11上に、部品14の接合面と接触させる際、合金膜11表面に残留している酸化膜を化学的に除去するため、フラックス13を塗布する。このフラックス13には、この金属酸化物と反応して、それを溶解除去する作用を有する活性化学種が含有されている。その後、洗浄処理を行うことにより、酸化膜が除去される。
次に、図1Dに示すように、(レジスト12を形成した場合には、レジスト12の貫通孔12aを通して見える)前記合金膜11上に、少なくとも接触部位が、銅(Cu)、又はニッケル(Ni)被覆されたアルミニウム(Al)からなる部品14を載置する(工程A3)。
次に、図1Eに示すように、前記基板10と前記合金膜11、及び、前記合金膜11と前記部品14と、の間を各々接合するために、熱処理を施す(工程A4)。
遠赤外線ヒータ及び熱風を用いて熱処理(リフロー)を施すことにより、基板10と合金膜11、及び、合金膜11と部品14と、の間が各々接合され、これにより基板10、合金膜11及び部品14の三者が接合される。
このとき、基板10と合金膜11、及び、部品14を載置しただけでは、何の変化も生じないが、熱処理することにより、接合界面で次のような変化が生じることを、本発明者らは見出した。
基板10に該当する「部材a」の上に、合金膜11に該当する「はんだ(Sn系)」、部品14に該当する「部材b」の順に設けて、リフロー(熱処理)した物品においては、「はんだ(Sn系)」の「部材a」側に、「部材aに含まれる元素Xが侵入して、この元素XとSnとの合金領域αが形成される。また、「はんだ(Sn系)」の「部材b」側には、「部材bに含まれる元素Yが侵入して、この元素Yとの合金領域βが形成される。「はんだ」は、2つの合金領域α、βに挟まれる領域に、ターゲット組成と同じ合金領域γ(Sn−Ag−Cu)が存在する。
一方、上方の合金膜11(Sn−Ag−Cu)と部品14(CuまたはNiコートされたAg)との接合界面では、CuまたはNiがはんだ中に侵入し、(Sn−Cu)あるいは(Sn−Ni)合金領域βが形成される。合金領域βは、1μm程度の厚みとなる。
そして、はんだ合金膜11において2つの合金領域α、βに挟まれる領域には、ターゲット組成と同じ合金領域γ(Sn−Ag−Cu)が存在する。
これら合金領域α(Sn−Ni)、合金領域β(Sn−CuあるいはSn−Ni)は、合金領域γ(Sn−Ag−Cu)に比べて固い部分となる。これにより、はんだ合金膜11を薄くしても、十分な機械的強度を確保することができる。
最後に、図1Fに示すように、(レジスト12を形成した場合には、)前記レジスト12を除去する(工程A5)。
最後に、テープ状のレジスト12を除去(剥離)することにより、基板10上に、はんだからなる合金膜11を介して部品14が実装された実装品が得られる。
なお、当然ではあるが、レジスト12を形成する必要がない場合には、上述した「工程A2」と「工程A5」は不要である。
次に、本発明の第二実施形態について説明する。
なお、以下の説明において、上述した第一実施形態と異なる部分について主に説明し、第一実施形態と同様の部分については、その説明を省略している場合がある。
図6A〜図6Fは、本実施形態による部品の製造方法を説明する工程断面図である。
まず、図6Aに示すように、一方の面がニッケル(Ni)からなる基板10を用い、前記一方の面上に、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)及び、銅(Cu)を含有する合金膜11をスパッタ法により形成する(工程B1)。
図2に示したような装置を用いて、減圧雰囲気とした空間内に、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)及び、銅(Cu)を含有する合金ターゲットを設けたカソード電極60と、前記基板10を設けたアノード電極70とを対向して配置し、前記基板10の一方の面上に前記合金膜11を形成する際に、前記カソード電極60にDCパルス電圧を印加する。
次に、図6Bに示すように、必要に応じて、後工程において部品14をマウントする領域にあたる部分に貫通孔12aを備えたテープ状のレジスト12を、前記合金膜11上に設ける(工程B2)。
(手順2c)
次に、図6Cに示すように、(レジスト12を形成した場合には、レジスト12の貫通孔12aを通して見える)前記合金膜11上に、少なくとも、はんだペースト15を塗布する(工程B3)。
このとき、はんだペースト15としてフラックス13入りのはんだペースト15を用いることが好ましい。
(手順2d)
次に、図6Dに示すように、(レジスト12を形成した場合には、レジスト12の貫通孔12aを通して見える)前記合金膜11上に、前記はんだペースト15を介して、少なくとも接触部位が、銅(Cu)、又はニッケル(Ni)被覆されたアルミニウム(Al)からなる部品14を載置する(工程B4)。
次に、図6Eに示すように、前記基板10と前記合金膜11、前記合金膜11と前記はんだペースト15、及び前記はんだペースト15と前記部品14と、の間を各々接合するために、熱処理(リフロー)を施す(工程B5)。
(手順2f)
最後に、図6Fに示すように、(レジスト12を形成した場合には、)前記レジスト12を除去する(工程B6)。
なお、当然ではあるが、レジスト12を形成する必要がない場合には、上述した「工程B2」と「工程B6」は不要である。
(実施例1)
図2に示したような装置を用いて、Ni膜付き基板10上にはんだ(Sn−Ag−Cu)合金膜を形成した。
まず、スパッタ室S1にて、シリコン(Si)基板10上にNi膜を形成した。スパッタ室S1の成膜圧力を0.1Pa〜1.0Paとし、Ar流量を5sccm〜50sccmとした減圧雰囲気中において、Niターゲットを使用して、DCスパッタ法によって膜厚0.7μmのNi膜を成膜した。
次に、Ni膜付きの基板10をスパッタ室S1からスパッタ室S2へ移動した後、スパッタ室S2の成膜圧力を0.1Pa〜1.0Paとし、Ar流量を5sccm〜50sccmとした減圧雰囲気中において、Ag−Sn−Cu合金のはんだターゲット(Ag−Sn−Cu合金ターゲット)を使用して、DCパルススパッタ(マグネトロンスパッタ)によって膜厚10μmのはんだ合金膜11を、Ni膜付きの基板10上に形成した。
はんだ合金膜11上に、Cu部品14を載置し、その後熱処理(リフロー)することにより、Ni膜付き基板10、はんだ合金膜11及び、部品14の三者を接合した。
実施例1と同様にして、Ni膜付き基板10上に膜厚5μmのはんだ合金膜11を成膜した。はんだ合金膜11上にCu部品14を載置し、その後熱処理(リフロー)することにより、Ni膜付き基板10、はんだ合金膜11及び、部品14の三者を接合した。
Ni膜付き基板10上にスパッタ法によりAu膜を成膜し、Au膜上にはんだを塗布してはんだ膜を形成した。はんだ膜上にCu部品14を載置し、その後熱処理(リフロー)することにより、Ni膜付き基板10、はんだ膜及び、部品14の三者を接合した。
図7から、通常(標準)よりも、高温条件(200−220秒の領域=240〜250℃)にてリフローすると良い結果が得られることがわかる。
図8から、Siウェハ上に設けたNi層から、はんだ(Sn−Ag−Cu)中にNiが侵入して、(Sn−Ni)合金の領域が、局所的に(均一ではなく)形成されていることが分かる。また、図9から、Cu部品14から、はんだ合金膜(Sn−Ag−Cu)11中にCuが侵入して、(Sn−Cu)合金の領域が、局所的に(あぶく状に)形成されていることが分かる。
これらの結果から、本発明に係るはんだ合金膜(Sn−Ag−Cu)11は、Ni膜付き基板(Ni膜)10近傍に、(Sn−Ni)合金領域を、Cu部品(NiコートAl部品)14近傍に、(Sn−Cu)合金(あるいは(Sn−Ni)合金)領域を、それぞれ含んでいることが確認された。
11 はんだ合金膜
12 レジスト
12a 貫通孔
13 フラックス
14 部品
15 はんだペースト
50 DCパルス電源ユニット
51 DC電源
52 OFFパルス電源
53 印加電圧生成部
54 制御部
60 カソード電極
70 アノード電極
100 基板
101 下地膜
102 レジスト
102a 貫通孔
103 はんだペースト
104 部品
110 スパッタ装置
C1、C2 カセット
Ea、Ek、Ek1 電位
Ek0 OFFパルス電位
Ek2 負の固定電位
H0、H1 ハンドラ
L/UL ロードロック室
S1、S2、S3 スパッタ室
t0 周期
t1、t2 期間
T0 搬送室
T1 移載機
Claims (6)
- 一方の面にスパッタ法によりニッケルを形成した基板を用い、前記スパッタ法によりニッケルを形成した後、真空雰囲気を保ったまま、前記一方の面上に、Sn,Ag,Cuの3元素を含む厚さが2〜10μmの合金膜をスパッタ法により形成する工程A1と、
前記合金膜上に、少なくとも前記合金膜との接触部位が、銅、及び、ニッケル被覆されたアルミニウムの何れか一方からなる部品αを載置する工程A3と、
前記基板と前記合金膜との間、及び、前記合金膜と前記部品αとの間を各々接合するために、240〜250℃の熱処理を施し、前記部品αから前記合金膜中に、銅またはニッケルの何れか一方が侵入しSn−CuまたはSn−Niのいずれか一方の約1μmの合金領域を部品α近傍に形成し、前記一方の面がニッケルからなる基板から前記合金膜中にニッケルが侵入し、Sn−Niの約1μmの合金領域を形成する工程A4と、
を少なくとも順に備える、部品βの製造方法であって、
前記工程A1において、減圧雰囲気とした空間内に、Sn,Ag,Cuの3元素を含む合金ターゲットを設けたカソード電極と、前記基板を設けたアノード電極とを対向して配置し、前記基板の前記一方の面上に、前記合金膜を形成する際に、前記カソード電極に電圧を印加するとともに、前記基板を150℃以下の温度とすることを特徴とする部品βの製造方法。 - 前記工程A1と前記工程A3との間に、
後工程において前記部品αがマウントされる領域にあたる部分に、貫通孔が形成されたレジストを、前記合金膜上に設ける工程A2を更に備える
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の部品βの製造方法。 - 前記工程A2と前記工程A3との間に、前記レジストの前記貫通孔を通して見える前記合金膜上に、フラックスを塗布して、前記合金膜の表層をなす酸化膜を除去する工程A6を更に備える
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の部品βの製造方法。 - 一方の面にスパッタ法によりニッケルを形成した基板を用い、前記スパッタ法によりニッケルを形成した後、真空雰囲気を保ったまま、前記一方の面上に、Sn,Ag,Cuの3元素を含む厚さが2〜10μmの合金膜をスパッタ法により形成する工程B1と、
前記合金膜上に、少なくとも、はんだペーストを塗布する工程B3と、
前記合金膜上に、前記はんだペーストを介して、少なくとも接触部位が、銅、及び、ニッケル被覆されたアルミニウムの何れか一方からなる部品αを載置する工程B4と、
前記基板と前記合金膜との間、前記はんだペーストと前記合金膜との間、及び、前記はんだペーストと前記部品αとの間を各々接合するために、240〜250℃の熱処理を施し、前記部品αから前記合金膜中に、銅またはニッケルの何れか一方が侵入しSn−CuまたはSn−Niのいずれか一方の約1μmの合金領域を部品α近傍に形成し、前記一方の面がニッケルからなる基板から前記合金膜中にニッケルが侵入し、Sn−Niの約1μmの合金領域を形成する工程B5と、
を少なくとも順に備える、部品βの製造方法であって、
前記工程B1において、減圧雰囲気とした空間内に、Sn,Ag,Cuの3元素を含む合金ターゲットを設けたカソード電極と、前記基板を設けたアノード電極とを対向して配置し、前記基板の前記一方の面上に、前記合金膜を形成する際に、前記カソード電極にDC電圧を印加するとともに、前記基板を150℃以下の温度とする
ことを特徴とする部品βの製造方法。 - 前記工程B1と前記工程B3との間に、
後工程において前記部品αをマウントされる領域にあたる部分に、貫通孔が形成された、テープ状のレジストを、前記合金膜上に設ける工程B2を更に備える
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の部品βの製造方法。 - 前記工程B3において、前記はんだペーストがフラックスを含有している
ことを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の部品βの製造方法。
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