JP5748876B2 - 耐摩耗剤を含有する潤滑組成物 - Google Patents
耐摩耗剤を含有する潤滑組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5748876B2 JP5748876B2 JP2014045102A JP2014045102A JP5748876B2 JP 5748876 B2 JP5748876 B2 JP 5748876B2 JP 2014045102 A JP2014045102 A JP 2014045102A JP 2014045102 A JP2014045102 A JP 2014045102A JP 5748876 B2 JP5748876 B2 JP 5748876B2
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- lubricating composition
- acid
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- salt
- mixture
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/30—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms
- C10M129/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
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- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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Description
例えば、本発明は以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1) 潤滑粘度の油と、ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩またはこれらの混合物とを含む、潤滑組成物。
(項目2) 前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩は、ヒドロキシカルボン酸のアンモニウム塩、またはヒドロキシカルボン酸のホスホニウム塩、またはこれらの混合物である、項目1に記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目3) 前記組成物が、潤滑粘度の油と、ヒドロキシカルボン酸のアンモニウム塩またはこれらの混合物とを含む、項目2に記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目4) 前記アンモニウム塩は、三級または四級のアンモニウム塩を含む、項目2〜3のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目5) 前記アンモニウムカチオンが、酸素含有化合物、典型的には、アミノアルコール、またはこれらの混合物から誘導される、項目2〜4のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目6) 潤滑組成物が、0.05重量%〜0.1重量%の、前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩またはこれらの混合物を含有する、先行するいずれかの項目に記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目7) 潤滑組成物が、0.01重量%〜2重量%、または0.02重量%〜1重量%、または0.03重量%〜0.5重量%、0.05重量%〜0.1重量%の、前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩またはこれらの混合物を含有する、先行するいずれかの項目に記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目8) 潤滑組成物が、(i)ヒドロキシカルボン酸のアミン塩、もしくは(ii)ヒドロキシカルボン酸の四級非金属性プニクトゲン塩(典型的には、アンモニウム塩)、または(iii)これらの混合物のいずれかを0.05重量%〜0.1重量%含む、先行するいずれかの項目に記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目9) 耐摩耗剤、分散粘度調整剤、摩擦調整剤、粘度調整剤、酸化防止剤、過塩基性清浄剤、またはこれらの混合物のうち、少なくとも1種をさらに含む、項目1〜8のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目10) 前記摩擦調整剤は、アミンの長鎖脂肪酸誘導体、長鎖脂肪エステル、または長鎖脂肪エポキシド;脂肪イミダゾリン;アルキルリン酸のアミン塩;酒石酸脂肪アルキル;脂肪アルキル酒石酸イミド;脂肪アルキル酒石酸アミドからなる群から選択される、項目9に記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目11) 分散粘度調整剤をさらに含む、項目1〜10のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目12) リンを含有する耐摩耗剤、典型的には、ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛をさらに含む、項目1〜11のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目13) 過塩基性清浄剤をさらに含み、該過塩基性清浄剤が、典型的には、フェネート、硫黄を含有するフェネート、スルホネート、サリキサレート、サリチレート、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、項目1〜12のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目14) 前記潤滑組成物が、(i)0.5重量%以下の硫黄含有量、(ii)が0.1重量%以下のリン含有量、および(iii)1.5重量%以下の硫酸灰分含有量を有することを特徴とする、項目1〜13のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
(項目15) 項目1〜14のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物を内燃機関に供給することを含む、内燃機関を潤滑する方法。
(項目16) 前記内燃機関は、シリンダーボア、シリンダーブロックまたはピストンリング上にアルミニウムアロイ、アルミニウムコンポジットまたは鋼鉄(すなわち、鉄を含有する)表面を有する、項目15に記載の方法。
(項目17) 前記内燃機関は、シリンダーボア、シリンダーブロックまたはピストンリング上に鋼鉄表面を有する、項目15に記載の方法。
(項目18) 前記内燃機関は、鋼鉄、またはアルミニウムアロイ、またはアルミニウムコンポジットの表面を有する、項目15に記載の方法。
(項目19) 項目1〜14のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物を動力伝達デバイスに供給することを含む、動力伝達デバイスを潤滑する方法。
(項目20) 前記動力伝達デバイスが、同期装置システムを含んでいてもよく、含んでいなくてもよいマニュアルトランスミッション、またはオートマチックトランスミッションまたは車軸を含む、項目19に記載の方法。
(項目21) 潤滑組成物における耐摩耗剤としてのヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩またはこれらの混合物の使用。
(項目22) 前記潤滑組成物が内燃機関用である、項目21に記載の使用。
(項目23) 前記潤滑組成物が動力伝達デバイス用である、項目21に記載の使用。
本発明は、潤滑組成物および本明細書に開示されるような内燃機関または動力伝達デバイスを潤滑する方法を提供する。
潤滑組成物は、潤滑粘度の油を含む。このような油としては、天然油および合成油、水素化分解、水素化、水素化仕上げから誘導される油、未精製油、精製油、再精製油、またはこれらの混合物が挙げられる。未精製油、精製油、再精製油に関するより詳細な記載は、国際公開WO2008/147704号、[0054]〜[0056]段落(同様の開示内容は、米国特許出願第2010/197536号にも与えられている。[0072]〜[0073]を参照)。天然潤滑油および合成潤滑油に関するより詳細な記載は、WO2008/147704号の段落[0058]〜[0059]にそれぞれ記載されている(同様の開示内容は、米国特許出願第2010/197536号にも与えられている。[0075]〜[0076]を参照)。合成油は、フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応によって製造されてもよく、典型的には、水素異性化されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素またはワックスであってもよい。一実施形態では、油は、フィッシャー・トロプシュGTL(gas−to−liquid)合成手順および他のGTL油によって調製されてもよい。
Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines for Passenger Car Motor Oils and Diesel Engine Oils」の1.3章、小見出し1.3「Base Stock Categories」に明記されているように定義してもよい。このAPI Guidelinesは、米国特許第7,285,516号にもまとめられている(第11欄の第64行〜第12欄の第10行を参照)。一実施形態では、潤滑粘度の油は、APIのグループII、グループIII、グループIVの油、またはこれらの混合物であってもよい。
一実施形態では、ヒドロキシカルボン酸のアミン塩またはアンモニウム塩は、ヒドロキシカルボン酸と、アミンまたはその混合物とを反応させることによって誘導されてもよい。
nおよびmは、独立して、1〜5の整数であってもよく;
Xは、脂肪族基もしくは脂環式基であってもよく、または、炭素鎖中に酸素原子を含む脂肪族基もしくは脂環式基、または上の種類の置換された基であってもよく、この基は、6個までの炭素原子を含み、n+mの利用可能な結合点を有し;
各Yは、独立して、−O−、>NHもしくは>NR1であってもよく、または、2個のYが一緒になって、2個のカルボニル基の間に形成されたイミド構造R−N<の窒素をあらわし;
RおよびR1は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはヒドロカルビル基であってもよく、ただし、少なくとも1つのR基またはR1基はヒドロカルビル基であり;各R2は、独立して、水素、ヒドロカルビル基またはアシル基であってもよく、ただし、さらに、少なくとも1つの−OR2基が、−C(O)−Y−R基の少なくとも1つに対しα位またはβ位にあるXの中の炭素原子の上に位置し、ただし、1分子あたり、−OR2基の少なくとも1つのR2は水素であり、1分子あたり、−Y−R基の少なくとも1つのRが−Hである(すなわち、−Y−R基は−OHである)。
nは、2〜5の整数であってもよく;
mは、1〜5の整数であってもよく;
Xは、脂肪族基もしくは脂環式基であってもよく、または、炭素鎖中に酸素原子を含む脂肪族基もしくは脂環式基、または上の種類の置換された基であってもよく、この基は、6個までの炭素原子を含み、n+mの利用可能な結合点を有し;
各Yは、独立して、−O−、>NHもしくは>NR1であってもよく、または、2個のYが一緒になって、2個のカルボニル基の間に形成されたイミド構造R−N<の窒素をあらわし;
RおよびR1は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはヒドロカルビル基であってもよく、ただし、少なくとも1つのR基またはR1基はヒドロカルビル基であり;
各R2は、独立して、水素、ヒドロカルビル基またはアシル基であってもよく、ただし、少なくとも1つの−OR2基が、−C(O)−Y−R基の少なくとも1つに対しα位またはβ位にあるXの中の炭素原子の上に位置し、ただし、1分子あたり、−OR2基の少なくとも1つのR2は−Hであり、1分子あたり、−Y−R基の少なくとも1つのRが−Hである。
アミンは、モノアミンまたはジアミンまたはポリアミンを含んでいてもよく、ただし、少なくとも1つの一級アミノ基、二級アミノ基または三級アミノ基が存在する。アミンは、カチオン(典型的には、アンモニウムイオン)、すなわち、プロトン化したアミンまたは四級アンモニウムイオンを形成する。
(i)ヒドロキシカルボン酸の金属塩(例えば、ナトリウム、リチウム、カリウム、典型的には、ナトリウム)と、ハロゲン化アンモニウム(典型的には、塩化物)とを反応させることと;
(ii)ヒドロキシカルボン酸と、水酸化アンモニウムとを反応させることと;
(iii)ヒドロキシル−カルボン酸をアミンと直接反応させることとを含む。
潤滑組成物は、場合により、他の性能添加剤(本明細書以下に記載されるような)存在下、本明細書に記載するプロセスの生成物を、潤滑粘度の油に付加することによって調製されてもよい。
1380)およびExxon Mineral Seal OilTM(FN 3200)が挙げられる。
本発明の潤滑組成物は、内燃機関、動力伝達デバイス、油圧システム、グリース、タービン、または冷媒において有用であり得る。潤滑組成物がグリース組成物の一部である場合、組成物は、さらに増粘剤を含む。増粘剤としては、単純金属石鹸増粘剤、石鹸複合体、非石鹸増粘剤、このような酸官能基化油の金属塩、ポリウレアおよびジウレア増粘剤、カルシウムスルホネート増粘剤、またはこれらの混合物を挙げることができる。グリース用の増粘剤は、当該技術分野で周知である。
一実施形態では、本発明の方法および潤滑組成物は、動力伝達デバイスに適切であり得る。動力伝達デバイスは、ギア油、車軸油、ドライブシャフト油、トラクション油、マニュアルトランスミッション油、オートマチックトランスミッション油、またはオフハイウェイ油(例えば、農場のトラクター用油)のうち、少なくとも1種を含む。一実施形態では、本発明は、同期装置システムを含んでいてもよく、含んでいなくてもよいマニュアルトランスミッションを潤滑する方法を提供する。一実施形態では、本発明は、オートマチックトランスミッションを潤滑する方法を提供する。一実施形態では、本発明は、車軸を潤滑する方法を提供する。
KOH/g)。
PCS Instrumentsから入手可能な、温度制御された高周波数で往復運動するリグ(HFRR)を用い、境界の潤滑摩擦性能および摩耗について、SAE 5W−30潤滑剤を評価する。この評価のためのHFRRの条件は、負荷が500g、持続時間75分、1000マイクロメートルのストローク、20ヘルツの周波数、40℃で15分間、次いで、2℃/分で160℃の温度まで上げる温度プロフィールである。上側の試験片は、直径6mmの鋼鉄球(ANSI E−52100、ロックウェル「C」硬度58〜66、表面仕上げRa<0.05μm)であり、下側の試験標本は、平坦な鋼鉄円板(ANSI E−52100、ビッカース「HV30」硬度190〜210、表面仕上げRa<0.02μm)または同様の大きさを有するアルミニウム標本である。上側標本および下側標本は、両方ともPCS Instruments(部品番号 HFRSSP)から入手可能である。次いで、摩擦、摩耗、接触電位の係数を測定する。摩擦係数は、往復運動する方向に平行な測定した摩擦力を、加えた負荷によって割ることによって計算される。接触電位は、上側試験標本と下側試験標本との間に小さな電位をかけることによって測定される。この装置が、加える電位全体を測定する場合、この値は、上側試験標本と下側試験標本の間の絶縁層の指標であり、通常は、表面に化学保護膜が生成したと解釈される。保護膜が生成しない場合、上側試験標本と下側試験標本の間で金属と金属の接触が存在し、測定した電位は0に下がる。中間の値は、部分的または不完全な保護膜の指標である。接触電位は、かけられた電位の割合としてあらわされることが多く、膜厚の割合と呼ばれる。得られた摩耗、摩擦係数および接触電位の結果を以下の表に示す。
Claims (12)
- 潤滑粘度の油と、1重量%〜3重量%のポリイソブチレンスクシンイミドと、0.01重量%〜2重量%の、ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩またはこれらの混合物とを含む、潤滑組成物であって、
該ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩は、ヒドロキシカルボン酸のアミン塩またはアンモニウム塩であり、
該ヒドロキシカルボン酸は、以下の式
によってあらわされ、式中、
nおよびmは、独立して、1〜5の整数であり;
Xは、脂肪族基もしくは脂環式基、または、炭素鎖中に酸素原子を含む脂肪族基もしくは脂環式基、または上の種類の置換された基であり、この基は、6個までの炭素原子を含み、n+mの利用可能な結合点を有し;
各Yは、独立して、−O−、>NHもしくは>NR 1 であり、または、2個のYが一緒になって、2個のカルボニル基の間に形成されたイミド構造R−N<の窒素をあらわし;
RおよびR 1 は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはヒドロカルビル基であり、ただし、少なくとも1つのR基またはR 1 基はヒドロカルビル基であり;
各R 2 は、独立して、水素、ヒドロカルビル基またはアシル基であり、ただし、さらに、少なくとも1つの−OR 2 基が、−C(O)−Y−R基の少なくとも1つに対しα位またはβ位にあるXの中の炭素原子の上に位置し、ただし、1分子あたり、−OR 2 基の少なくとも1つのR 2 は水素であり、1分子あたり、−Y−R基の少なくとも1つのRが−Hであり、
該ヒドロキシカルボン酸は、グリコール酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、またはこれらの混合物である、
潤滑組成物。 - 前記アンモニウム塩は、三級または四級のアンモニウム塩を含む、請求項1に記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記アンモニウム塩が、アミノアルコール、またはこれらの混合物から誘導される、請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記潤滑組成物が、0.03重量%〜0.5重量%の、前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩またはこれらの混合物を含有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記潤滑組成物が、0.05重量%〜0.1重量%の、前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸の非金属性カチオン性プニクトゲン塩またはこれらの混合物を含有する、請求項4に記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記潤滑組成物が、(i)ヒドロキシカルボン酸のアミン塩、もしくは(ii)ヒドロキシカルボン酸の四級アンモニウム塩、またはこれらの混合物のいずれかを0.05重量%〜0.1重量%含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛をさらに含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記潤滑組成物が、(i)0.5重量%以下の硫黄含有量、(ii)0.1重量%以下のリン含有量、および(iii)1.5重量%以下の硫酸灰分含有量を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記ポリイソブチレンスクシンイミドが誘導される前記ポリイソブチレンが、750〜2500の数平均分子量を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物を内燃機関に供給することを含む、内燃機関を潤滑する方法。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物を動力伝達デバイスに供給することを含む、動力伝達デバイスを潤滑する方法。
- 前記動力伝達デバイスが、同期装置システムを含んでいてもよく、含んでいなくてもよいマニュアルトランスミッション、またはオートマチックトランスミッションまたは車軸を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
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SG191243A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
CN103380201A (zh) | 2013-10-30 |
BR112013015408B1 (pt) | 2019-11-19 |
EP2655578A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
JP2014101523A (ja) | 2014-06-05 |
US10704006B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 |
CN103380201B (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
KR101941437B1 (ko) | 2019-01-24 |
WO2012087773A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
JP5518269B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
US20140057818A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
BR112013015408A2 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
JP2014501304A (ja) | 2014-01-20 |
CA2822351A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
EP2655578B1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
US20180305632A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
KR20140064706A (ko) | 2014-05-28 |
CA2822351C (en) | 2019-10-29 |
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