JP5739163B2 - アンジオポエチン−1およびアンジオポエチン−2に対する抗体、ならびに、その利用 - Google Patents
アンジオポエチン−1およびアンジオポエチン−2に対する抗体、ならびに、その利用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5739163B2 JP5739163B2 JP2010547650A JP2010547650A JP5739163B2 JP 5739163 B2 JP5739163 B2 JP 5739163B2 JP 2010547650 A JP2010547650 A JP 2010547650A JP 2010547650 A JP2010547650 A JP 2010547650A JP 5739163 B2 JP5739163 B2 JP 5739163B2
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Description
本出願は、2008年12月19日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/139,361号、2008年6月16日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/061,943号、および2008年2月20日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/066,632号の利益を主張するものであり、これらの特許は参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は、アンジオポエチン−1(Ang−1)および/またはアンジオポエチン−2(Ang−2)を認識してこれに結合する特異的結合剤に関する。さらに具体的には、本発明は、Ang−1および/またはAng−2に特異的に結合するモノクローナル抗体およびポリクローナル抗体、ならびに、これらの抗原結合断片の製造、診断上の利用、および治療上の利用に関する。また、本発明の態様は、このような抗体を発現させるハイブリドーマまたはその他の細胞株にも関する。記載されている抗体は、Ang−1またはAng−2の活性および産生過剰に関係する疾患の診断および治療に有用である。
血管新生(既存の血管から新たな血管が形成されること)は、多くの生理的過程および病的過程に不可欠である。通常、血管新生は血管新生促進因子と血管新生抑制因子によって厳密に調節されているが、癌、眼血管新生疾患、関節炎、および乾癬などの疾患の場合には、その過程が消失してしまうことがある。Folkman,J., Nat.Med.,1:27−31(1995)。
多くの証拠によって、望ましくない血管新生(または、動脈発生のような望ましくない血管の発生に伴う状態の一部)の治療において、Ang2のレベルを抑制することの有用性が指摘されているが、当該技術分野の現状では、上記の治療においてAng1の同時阻害が有益であるか否かは不明であり、有益な場合、Ang2の阻害に加えて、どの程度Ang1を阻害させるかが明らかになれば、少なくとも付加的な治療効果をもたらすことが判明する。したがって、本発明は、Ang−1リガンドおよびAng−2リガンドの両方を特異的に認識して、これらに結合する新たな薬剤を同定する未認識の必要性を取り扱う。本発明の抗体のような結合剤は、Ang1に加えてAng2を阻害する際に、所望される活性レベルを有し、これにより、癌、炎症、および望ましくない血管新生に関連するその他の疾患のように、Ang−1および/またはAng−2の活性と関係する疾患において、診断スクリーニング、バイオアッセイ、および治療的介入といったさまざまな状況でとりわけ有用なものとなる。
(a)HCは配列番号18、26、32で、LCは配列番号19、27、33、
(b)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号19、27、33、
(c)HCは配列番号18、26、35で、LCは配列番号20、27、36、
(d)HCは配列番号18、26、37で、LCは配列番号19、27、33、
(e)HCは配列番号18、26、38で、LCは配列番号19、27、33、
(f)HCは配列番号18、26、35で、LCは配列番号19、27、33、
(g)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号21、27、33、
(h)HCは配列番号18、28、39で、LCは配列番号19、27、33、
(i)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号22、27、33、
(j)HCは配列番号18、26、32で、LCは配列番号22、27、33、
(k)HCは配列番号18、29、39で、LCは配列番号19、27、33、
(l)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号23、27、33、
(m)HCは配列番号18、26、35で、LCは配列番号20、27、40、
(n)HCは配列番号18、26、32で、LCは配列番号21、27、33、
(o)HCは配列番号18、26、35で、LCは配列番号24、27、33、
(p)HCは配列番号18、26、35で、LCは配列番号21、27、33、
(q)HCは配列番号18、26、35で、LCは配列番号23、27、33、
(r)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号20、30、33、
(s)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号25、27、33、
(t)HCは配列番号18、26、35で、LCは配列番号20、30、33、
(u)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号20、27、40、および
(v)HCは配列番号18、26、34で、LCは配列番号20、31、33
からなる群から選択される抗体であり、
この抗体は、Tie2受容体のAng1リガンドおよびAng2リガンドのうちの少なくとも1つに特異的に結合する。
本明細書では、項目見出しは、系統立てる目的のみで用いられており、いかなる場合も、記載されている主題を限定するものと解釈すべきではない。
本明細書で使用する場合、「特異的結合剤」という用語は、本明細書に記載されているように、Ang−2およびAng−1を認識および結合するための特異性を有する分子を指す。好適な特異的結合剤としては、抗体およびその誘導体、ポリペプチド、ならびに小分子が挙げられるが、これらに限らない。好適な特異的結合剤は、当該技術分野において既知の方法を用いて調製してよい。本発明のAng−2ポリペプチドおよびAng−1ポリペプチドに対する代表的な特異的結合剤は、Ang−2ポリペプチドおよびAng−1ポリペプチドの特定部分に結合することができ、好ましくは、Ang−2ポリペプチドおよびAng−1ポリペプチドの活性または機能を調節することができる。
gctagcaccaagggcccatcggtcttccccctggcgccctgctccaggagcacctccgagagcacagcggccctgggctgcctggtcaaggactacttccccgaaccggtgacggtgtcgtggaactcaggcgctctgaccagcggcgtgcacaccttcccagctgtcctacagtcctcaggactctactccctcagcagcgtggtgaccgtgccctccagcaacttcggcacccagacctacacctgcaacgtagatcacaagcccagcaacaccaaggtggacaagacagttgagcgcaaatgttgtgtcgagtgcccaccgtgcccagcaccacctgtggcaggaccgtcagtcttcctcttccccccaaaacccaaggacaccctcatgatctcccggacccctgaggtcacgtgcgtggtggtggacgtgagccacgaagaccccgaggtccagttcaactggtacgtggacggcgtggaggtgcataatgccaagacaaagccacgggaggagcagttcaacagcacgttccgtgtggtcagcgtcctcaccgttgtgcaccaggactggctgaacggcaaggagtacaagtgcaaggtctccaacaaaggcctcccagcccccatcgagaaaaccatctccaaaaccaaagggcagccccgagaaccacaggtgtacaccctgcccccatcccgggaggagatgaccaagaaccaggtcagcctgacctgcctggtcaaaggcttctaccccagcgacatcgccgtggagtgggagagcaatgggcagccggagaacaactacaagaccacacctcccatgctggactccgacggctccttcttcctctacagcaagctcaccgtggacaagagcaggtggcagcaggggaacgtcttctcatgctccgtgatgcatgaggctctgcacaaccactacacgcagaagagcctctccctgtctccgggtaaatga
ASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
cgtacggtggctgcaccatctgtcttcatcttcccgccatctgatgagcagttgaaatctggaactgcctctgttgtgtgcctgctgaataacttctatcccagagaggccaaagtacagtggaaggtggataacgccctccaatcgggtaactcccaggagagtgtcacagagcaggacagcaaggacagcacctacagcctcagcagcaccctgacgctgagcaaagcagactacgagaaacacaaagtctacgcctgcgaagtcacccatcagggcctgagctcgcccgtcacaaagagcttcaacaggggagagtgttag
RTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC
ggccaaccgaaagcggcgccctcggtcactctgttcccgccctcctctgaggagcttcaagccaacaaggccacactggtgtgtctcataagtgacttctacccgggagccgtgacagtggcctggaaggcagatagcagccccgtcaaggcgggagtggagaccaccacaccctccaaacaaagcaacaacaagtacgcggccagcagctatctgagcctgacgcctgagcagtggaagtcccacagaagctacagctgccaggtcacgcatgaagggagcaccgtggagaagacagtggcccctacagaatgttcatag
GQPKAAPSVTLFPPSSEELQANKATLVCLISDFYPGAVTVAWKADSSPVKAGVETTTPSKQSNNKYAASSYLSLTPEQWKSHRSYSCQVTHEGSTVEKTVAPTECS
本発明の抗体の可変重鎖配列と組み合わせて、以下の配列のIgG1、IgG2、IgG3、およびIgG4アイソトープを用いて、該抗体の具体的な所望のアイソトープを作製してもよい。
ASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
ASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
ASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYTCNVNHKPSNTKVDKRVELKTPLGDTTHTCPRCPEPKSCDTPPPCPRCPEPKSCDTPPPCPRCPEPKSCDTPPPCPRCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFKWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTFRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESSGQPENNYNTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNIFSCSVMHEALHNRFTQKSLSLSPGK
ASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTKTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKRVESKYGPPCPSCPAPEEEGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSQEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPSSIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSQEEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSRLTVDKSRWQEGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSLGK
以下の配列は、IgG2アイソトープとしての本発明の抗体の重鎖配列を表している。軽鎖配列は同じままであり、その配列は実施例の項に示されている。下線が引かれた配列部分は、IgG2配列を表している。
EVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSGSTIEYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLLDYDILTGYGYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
EVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSGSTIQYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLLDYDILTGYGYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
EVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSGSTIYYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLLDYDIYTGYGYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
EVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSGSTIYYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLLDYDILTGYGLWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
EVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSGSTIYYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLLDYDILTGYGMWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
EVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSGSTIYYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLLDYDLLTGYGYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
EVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSGSTIYYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLLDYDIWTGYGYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPAPIEKTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
本発明のさらなる実施形態では、Ang−2抗体のアミノ酸配列可変領域、例えば、本明細書に記載されているようなアミノ酸配列を有する重鎖可変領域、または本明細書に記載されているようなアミノ酸配列を有する軽鎖可変領域を含むポリペプチドを、N末端またはC末端のいずれかで、ヒトIgGのFc領域の1つ以上のドメインに融合してもよい。Ang−2特異的抗体のFabのような治療用タンパクと共に構築した場合、Fcドメインは、半減期の延長をもたらすか、または、Fc受容体結合、プロテインA結合、補体結合、および、おそらくはさらに胎盤通過のような機能を導入することができる[Capon et al.,Nature,337:525−531(1989)]。
本発明の特異的結合剤の変異体としては、挿入変異体、欠失変異体、および/または置換変異体が挙げられる。本発明の1つの態様では、1つ以上のアミノ酸残基が、特異的結合剤アミノ酸配列に付加されている挿入変異体を提供する。挿入体は、タンパクの片方もしくは両方の末端に位置してもよく、または、特異的結合剤のアミノ酸配列の内部領域内に位置していてもよい。片方または両方の末端に追加残基を有する挿入変異体としては、例えば、融合タンパク、および、アミノ酸タグまたは標識を含むタンパクを挙げることができる。挿入変異体には、1つ以上のアミノ酸残基が特異的結合剤のアミノ酸配列に付加されている特異的結合剤ポリペプチド、またはその断片が含まれる。
アルゴリズム:Needleman et al.,J.Mol.Biol.,48:443−453(1970)
比較マトリクス:前出のHenikoff et al.,(1992)のBLOSUM62
ギャップペナルティー:12
ギャップレングスペナルティー:4
類似性の閾値:0
アルゴリズム:前出のNeedleman et al.,(1970)
比較マトリクス:マッチ=+10、ミスマッチ=0
ギャップペナルティー:50
ギャップレングスペナルティー:3
1)疎水性:Met、Ala、Val、Leu、Ile
2)中性親水性:Cys、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln
3)酸性:Asp、Glu
4)塩基性:His、Lys、Arg
5)鎖配向に影響を与える残基:Gly、Pro
6)芳香族:Trp、Tyr、Phe
本発明は、特異的結合剤ポリペプチドの誘導体も提供する。この誘導体としては、アミノ酸残基の挿入、欠失、または置換以外の修飾部を有する特異的結合剤ポリポプチドが挙げられる。好ましくは、この修飾部は本質的に共有結合性であり、例えば、ポリマー、脂質、他の有機および無機部分との化学的結合が挙げられる。本発明の誘導体は、特異的結合剤ポリペプチドの循環半減期を延長させるように調製してよく、または、ポリペプチドが所望の細胞、組織、または器官をターゲッティングする能力を改善するように設計してもよい。
特定の方策を用いて、Ang−1および/またはAng−2特異的抗体の固有の特性、例えばこの抗体の標的に対する親和性を操作することができる。この方策としては、当該抗体をコードするポリヌクレオチド分子の部位特異的またはランダム突然変異誘発を利用して、抗体変異体を生成した後、所望の変化、例えば、親和性の向上または低下を呈する抗体変異体を回収するように設計されたスクリーニング工程を行うことが挙げられる。
さらに、構造の安定化または生分解性の低下をもたらす、ペプチドの非ペプチド特異的結合剤類似体も考えられる。特異的結合剤ペプチドの模倣類似体は、特定の抑制性ペプチドをベースとして、1つ以上の残基を非ペプチド部分で置換することによって調製することができる。好ましくは、この非ペプチド部分によって、ペプチドは、その本来のコンホメーションを保持できるようになるか、または、Ang−1および/またはAng−2を認識かつ結合する能力を保持する好ましい(例えば生物活性のある)コンホメーションを安定化できるようになる。1つの態様では、得られる類似体/模倣体は、Ang−1および/またはAng−2に対する結合親和性の向上を呈する。特異的結合剤ペプチドから非ペプチド模倣類似体を調製する方法の1つの例は、Nachman et al.,Regul Pept 57:359−370(1995)に記載されている。所望される場合には、本発明の特異的結合剤ペプチドは、例えば、グリコシル化、アミド化、カルボキシル化、もしくはリン酸化によって、または、本発明のペプチドの酸付加塩、アミド、エステル(特にC末端エステル)、およびN−アシル誘導体を生成することによって修飾することができる。また、他の部分との共有結合または非共有結合複合体を形成することによって、特異的結合剤ペプチドを修飾して、ペプチド誘導体を生成することもできる。共有結合複合体は、特異的結合剤ペプチドを含むアミノ酸の側鎖上、または、N−もしくはC末端の官能基に化学的部分を連結させることによって調製することができる。
タンパクである本発明の特異的結合剤は、従来の技法に従って、溶液中または固体支持体上での化学合成によって調製することができる。固相合成の現在における上限は、長さ約85〜100アミノ酸である。しかしながら、化学合成法技法を用いて、一連の少量のペプチドを化学的にライゲーションして、完全長ポリペプチドを生成できることが多い。さまざまな自動合成装置が市販されており、これらの装置は、既知のプロトコルに従って用いることができる。例えば、Stewart and Young,Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis,2d.ed.,Pierce Chemical Co.,(1984)、Tam et al.,J Am Chem Soc,105:6442(1983)、Merrifield,Science,232:341−347(1986)、Barany and Merrifield,The Peptides,Gross and Meienhofer,eds,Academic Press,New York,1−284、Barany et al.,Int.J.Peptide Protein Res.,30:705−739(1987)、および米国特許第5,424,398号)を参照されたい。これらの各文献は、参照として本明細書に組み込まれる。
いくつかのケースでは、上記の手順を用いて製造した特異的結合剤は、生物活性を持たせる目的で、適切な三次構造に「リフォールディング」および酸化させて、ジスルフィド結合を形成させる必要がある場合がある。リフォールディングは、当該技術分野において既知の多くの手順を用いて実現することができる。このような方法としては、例えば、カオトロピック剤の存在下で可溶化ポリペプチド剤を、通常7超のpHに暴露することが挙げられる。カオトロピック剤の選択は、封入体の可溶化に用いる選択と同様であるが、カオトロピック剤は典型的には低濃度で使用する。代表的なカオトロピック剤はグアニジンである。大半のケースでは、リフォールディング/酸化溶液は、システイン架橋を形成させるためのジスルフィドシャフリングを可能にする特定の酸化還元電位をもたらすように、特定の比率で還元剤およびその酸化型も含有する。広く使用されているいくつかの酸化還元対としては、システイン/シスタミン、グルタチオン/ジチオビスGSH、塩化第二銅、ジチオトレイトールDTT/ジチアンDTT、および2−メルカプトエタノール(bME)/ジチオ−bMEが挙げられる。多くの場合、共溶媒を用いて、リフォールディングの効率を高めてもよい。広く使用されている共溶媒としては、グリセロール、さまざまな分子量のポリエチレングリコール、およびアルギニンが挙げられる。
免疫学的結合アッセイでは典型的に、アナライトの標的抗原に特異的に結合すると共に、多くの場合にはこの抗原を固定化する目的で、捕捉剤を使用する。この捕捉剤は、アナライトに特異的に結合する部分である。本発明の1つの実施態様では、捕捉剤は、Ang−2および/またはAng−1に特異的に結合する抗体またはその断片である。これらの免疫学的結合アッセイは、当該技術分野において周知である[Asai,ed.,Methods in Cell Biology,Vol.37,Antibodies in Cell Biology,Academic Press,Inc.,New York(1993)を参照されたい]。
免疫学的結合アッセイは、非競合タイプのものであることができる。これらのアッセイでは、捕捉されたアナライトの量を直接測定する。例えば、1つの好ましい「サンドイッチ」アッセイでは、捕捉剤(抗体)を固体基質に直接結合させることができ、その固体基質で捕捉剤が固定される。続いて、これらの固定化抗体は、試験サンプル中に存在する抗原を捕捉(結合)する。次いで、このようにして固定化されたタンパクを標識剤、例えば標識を有する第2の抗体に結合させる。別の好ましい「サンドイッチ」アッセイでは、第2の抗体は標識を有さないが、第2の抗体が由来する種の抗体に特異的な標識抗体が、第2の抗体に結合することができる。また、第2の抗体は、ビオチンのような検出可能部分で修飾することができ、この検出可能部分には、ストレプトアビジンのような第3の標識分子が特異的に結合することができる[Harlow and Lane,Antibodies, A Laboratory Manual,Ch14,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory,NY(1988)を参照されたい。この文献は参照として本明細書に組み込まれる]。
免疫学的結合アッセイは、競合タイプのものであることができる。サンプル中に存在するアナライトの量は、サンプル中に存在するアナライトによって置換されたか、または捕捉剤から競合除去された添加アナライトの量を測定することによって、間接的に測定する。1つの好ましい競合結合アッセイでは、既知量のアナライト(通常、標識されている)をサンプルに添加してから、そのサンプルを抗体(捕捉剤)と接触させる。この抗体に結合した標識アナライトの量は、サンプル中に存在するアナライトの濃度に反比例する(前出のHarlow and Lane,Antibodies,A Laboratory Manual,Ch14,pp.579−583を参照されたい)。
競合結合アッセイを交差反応性測定で用いて、当業者が、本発明の特異的結合剤によって認識されるタンパクまたは酵素複合体が、所望タンパクであり、交差反応分子ではないか否かを割り出したり、または、当該抗体が、当該抗原に対して特異的であり、非関連抗原に結合しないか否かを割り出したりできるようにすることができる。このタイプのアッセイでは、抗原を固体支持体に固定することができ、この固定化タンパクに対する特異的結合剤の結合と競合する未知のタンパク混合物をアッセイ試料に添加する。競合分子も、当該抗原に関連しない1つ以上の抗原に結合する。タンパクが、特異的結合剤抗体の固定化抗原に対する結合と競合する能力を、固体支持体に固定化した同じタンパクによる結合と比較して、タンパク混合物の交差反応性を割り出す。
また、本発明は、サンプル中のAng−1および/またはAng−2の存在を検出または定量するためのウエスタンブロット法を提供する。この技法は一般に、サンプルタンパクを分子量に基づきゲル電気泳動によって分離し、そのタンパクを、ニトロセルロースフィルター、ナイロンフィルター、または誘導体化ナイロンフィルターのような好適な固体支持体に移すことを含む。当該サンプルを、Ang−1および/またはAng−2に特異的に結合する抗体またはその断片と温置し、得られた複合体を検出する。これらの抗体は、直接標識してもよく、または、この代わりに、後で、当該抗体に特異的に結合する標識抗体を用いて検出してもよい。
本発明の抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、Ang−1および/もしくはAng−2、またはサブユニットの発現によって特徴付けられる症状もしくは疾患の診断、または、Ang−1および/もしくはAng−2の誘導物質もしくはその断片、Ang−1および/もしくはAng−2活性のアゴニストもしくは阻害剤で治療している患者をモニタリングするためのアッセイで有用である。Ang−1および/もしくはAng−2に関する診断アッセイとしては、特異的結合剤と標識を用いて、ヒト体液、または、細胞もしくは組織の抽出物中のAng−1および/もしくはAng−2を検出する方法が挙げられる。本発明の特異的結合剤は、修飾した状態でもしていない状態でも使用することができる。好ましい診断アッセイでは、例えば標識またはレポーター分子を結合させることによって、特異的結合剤を標識する。広範な標識およびレポーター分子が既知であり、このうちのいくつかは、本明細書にすでに記載されている。特に、本発明は、ヒトの疾患の診断に有用である。
本発明は、ヒトの疾患および病的状態を治療するのに有用である、Ang−1および/またはAng−2に結合する特異的結合剤を提供する。Ang−1および/もしくはAng−2の結合活性、または他の細胞活性を調節する薬剤を他の治療薬と併用して、治療効果を高めるか、または潜在的副作用を軽減してよい。
Ang−1および/またはAng−2特異的結合剤の医薬組成物は、本発明の範囲内である。抗体を含む医薬組成物は、例えば2001年1月9日にLamらに付与された米国特許第6,171,586号明細書に詳述されている。このような組成物は、薬理学的に許容可能な薬剤と共に、本明細書に記載されているような特異的結合剤(抗体など)、または、その断片、変異体、誘導体、もしくは融合体を治療または予防有効量含む。好ましい実施態様では、医薬組成物は、薬理学的に許容可能な薬剤と共に、Ang−1および/またはAng−2の少なくとも1つの生物活性を部分的または完全に調節するアンタゴニスト特異的結合剤を含む。典型的には、特異的結合剤は、動物に投与するために十分に精製する。
本発明の特異的結合剤は、Ang−1および/またはAng−2による病状の治療において、他の治療法と組み合わせて用いることができる。このような他の治療法としては例えば、放射線治療、化学治療剤、および、他の増殖因子または阻害因子が挙げられる。
免疫療法は一般に、免疫エフェクター細胞および分子を用いて、癌細胞を標的にして破壊することに依存している。免疫エフェクターは、例えば、標的細胞の表面上の何らかのマーカーを認識する本発明の抗体であってよい。この抗体は、単独で治療のエフェクターとして用いてよく、または、実際に細胞を殺すように、他の細胞を増強してもよい。この抗体は、薬物または毒素(化学療法剤、放射性核種、リシンA鎖、コレラ毒素、百日咳毒素など)にコンジュゲートしてよく、つまりは、単に標的剤として使用してよい。
ファージディスプレイによるAng2に対する親和性成熟抗体の生成
全体的方策
従来のアプローチ(Chen Y et al.,1999 J Mol Biol(293)865−881、Yelton DE et al.,1995 J Immunol(155)1994−2004、Yang W−P et al.,1995 J Mol Biol(254)392−403)と同様に、CDRのランダム化を用いて、Ang2抗体の活性を高めた。簡潔に言うと、Ang2抗体536の可変領域をTargetQuestという改変pCES−1ベクターにクローニングした(Dyax Corp, de Haard HJ et al 1999 J Biol Chem(274)18218−30)。NNK含有オリゴヌクレオチドを用いた突然変異誘発によって、すべてのCDR領域を各CDR残基のランダム化の対象にした。突然変異誘発反応の後、ファージELISAを用いて、ファージクローンの各位置を調べ、良性突然変異を同定した(方法については、WO2004/046306、WO2003/03057134、およびUS2003/0099647A1を、ファージ抗体全般については、Marks JD et al.,1991 J Mol Biol(222)581−897、Hoogenboom HR et al 1992 J Mol Biol(227)381−388、Griffiths AD et al.,1993EMBO J(12)725−734、Vaughan TP et al.,1996 Nat Biotechnol(14)309−314を参照されたい)。良性突然変異を有するクローンを完全抗体に変換した。重鎖クローンを軽鎖クローンと対合し、得られたIgGの中和活性を試験した。上位22個のクローンの特徴をさらに調べた。
標準的な分子生物学的技法を用いて、536抗体の可変領域をpCES−1ベクターにクローニングした(Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,3rd Edition Cold Spring Habor Laboratory Press,Cold Sping Harbor,New York,2001)。下記のオリゴヌクレオチドを用いたPCRによって、重鎖可変断片および完全長軽鎖断片を作製した。
重鎖(リバース側):CCGCTGTGCCCCCAGAGGTGC
重鎖(フォワード側):ttttttccatggccgaggtccagctggtgcagtc
軽鎖(リバース側):TTTTTTGGCGCGCCTTATTAACACTCTCCCCTGTTGAAGCT
軽鎖(フォワード側):ttttttgtgcacttgacattgtgatgactcagtct
各CDR位置に対するNNK(N=ATCG、K=GT)コドン含有オリゴヌクレオチドを用いた段階的な位置指定突然変異誘発によって、ベクターpCES−1中のFabとしての抗体536の親和性を成熟させた。QuickChange Site−Directed Mutagensis Kit(ストラタジーン番号200518−5)を製造者推奨のプロトコルに従って使用した。Ang2に対する結合の高いファージを同定するために、2μg/mlにてPBS中で96ウェルのMaxisorpプレート(NUNC)上にコーティングしたビオチン化ヒトAng2タンパクによって、ファージELISAを行った。簡潔に言うと、PBS中の2%ミルクでブロックした後、ヘルパーファージによって増殖させたファージのオーバーナイト培養液を温置し、HRPとコンジュゲートした抗M13抗体(ファルマシア)を用いて、結合ファージを検出した。発光シグナルを親の536Fabと比較し、さらなる解析のために、高いシグナルを有するクローンを選択した。
ファージELISAおよび配列解析の後、Ang2に対する結合の高い軽鎖および重鎖の突然変異誘発体から採ったクローンを95個ずつ選択し、IgGに変換した。簡潔に言うと、1対のプライマーを用いて、各クローンの可変領域をPCR増殖した。LC用のプライマー配列は、CTG CTG CTG TGG CTG AGA GGT GCG CGC TGT GAT ATT GTG ATG ACT CAG TCT CCA CTC TCC、およびAAA AAA CGT ACG TTT GAT CTC CAG CTT GGT CCであった。HC用のプライマーは、TTTTTTTTGCGCGCTGTGAGGTCCAGCTGGTGCAGTC、およびAAAAAAGGCACTAGAGACGGTGACCAGGGTTCCであった。LCはBssHIIおよびBsiWIによって、HCはBssHIおよびBsmBIによって消化後、標準的な分子生物学的技法を用いて、VK1というリーダー配列、ならびに、ヒトκおよびヒトIgG1の定常配列を含むpcDNA3ベクターに当該可変領域を挿入した。XL10 gold(ストラタジーン)というコンピテント細胞の入った2つの96ウェルプレートに、各ライゲーション混合物を入れて形質転換させ、翌日にプラスミドを調製するために、形質転換混合物をオーバーナイトで増殖させた。得られたDNAを、関連する親の536LCまたはHC DNAと対合し、Fugene6を用いて、OPTI−MEM中の293T細胞に一過性にトランスフェクションした。7日後、トランスフェクション細胞由来の培地を回収し、ユウロピウムで標識した抗ヒトIgG抗体(Fc特異的)、および、APCで標識した抗ヒトIgG抗体を用いたLanceアッセイ(パーキンエルマー)によって、IgG濃度を定量化した。
IgGを含有する馴化培地が、Tie2のAng1またはAng2のいずれかとの相互作用を阻害する作用をHTRF中和アッセイで試験した。最初のスクリーニングから、活性の向上を示した15LCクローンおよび11HCクローンを選んだ。選択したクローンのDNAを調製し、シークエンシングによって確認した。続いて、それぞれのLC突然変異体およびHC突然変異体の組み合わせを536親クローンと共に、293T細胞を播種した2つの96プレートに入れてトランスフェクションした。馴化培地を回収し、Tie2中和アッセイでIgG濃度と阻害作用について解析した。この組み合わせから、さらなる解析のために、LCおよびHCそれぞれに単一突然変異を含有する22個のクローンを選択した。
抗Ang2 IgG発現プラスミドのトランスフェクションに用いるCS−9細胞は、無血清懸濁CHO細胞株である。この細胞は、Rasmussen et al,1998(Rasmussen,B.,Davis,R., Thomas,J.,Reddy,P.1998.Isolation,characterization and recombinant protein expression in Veggie−CHO:A serum−free CHO host cell line.Cytotechnology.28:31−42)に記載されているように、DXB11 CHO細胞を徐々に適合させて無血清培地中で増殖させることによって得た。DXB11株は、CHO K1細胞由来のDHFR欠損突然変異誘導体である(Chasin and Urlaub,1983;Urlaub and Chasin.1980.Isolation of Chinese hamster cell mutants deficient in dihydrofolate reductase activity.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 77,4216−4220、Chasin L.A.,Graf,L.,Ellis,N.,Lanzberg,M.,Urlaub,G.1982.Gene amplification in dihydro folate reductase deficient mutants.Schimke,R.T.(Ed.)Gene amplification;Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory:Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.,p161−166.)。CHO K1は、元々チャイニーズハムスター卵巣から単離した類上皮細胞株である(Kao and Puck.Genetics of somatic mammalian cells.VII.Induction and isolation of nutritional mutants in Chinese hamster cells.Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.60:1275−1281,1968)。
Ang−2抗体を評価するための分子アッセイ
Ang−2および関連ファミリーメンバー(例えばAng−1)への直接的な抗体結合、ならびに、抗体がAng−2とTie2との相互作用に及ぼす作用を評価する目的で、分子アッセイ(アフィニティーELISA、中和ELISA、およびBIAcore)を開発した。以下で、インビボおよび細胞ベースでのこれらのアッセイについて説明する。
抗Ang−2抗体候補の初期スクリーニング用に、精製ヒトAng2(R&Dシステムズ社、カタログ番号623−AN。Ang−2は2つの切断型の混合物として提供されている)、またはマウスAng−2ポリペプチド(上記のように調製したもの)を使用した。確認的結合アッセイ用に、完全長ヒトAng−2DNAでトランスフェクションして、1ミリリットル当たり約50マイクログラムのウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)を含有する無血清DMEM中で培養したヒト293T細胞の馴化培地からヒトAng−2を得た。
アフィニティーELISAの項で説明されているように、ヒトAng−2ポリペプチドが結合したマイクロタイタープレートを調製した。抗Ang−2抗体候補を、約1パーセントのBSA、および約1nMのTie2(Tie2部分が当該分子の可溶性細胞外部分のみを含有するTie2−Fc分子として提供されている。R&Dシステムズ社、カタログ番号313−TI)を含有するPBSの溶液中で、アフィニティーELISAの項で上述したような段階希釈法で調製した。約100マイクロリットルの抗体/Tie2溶液を各ウェルに加えた後、プレートを室温にてオーバーナイトで温置し、次いで、約0.1パーセントのTween−20を含有するPBS中で5回洗浄した。洗浄後、1ウェル当たり約100マイクロリットルの抗Tie2抗体(ファーミンジェン社、カタログ番号557039)を1ミリリットル当たり約1マイクログラムの最終濃度で添加し、そのプレートを室温にて約1時間温置してから、約0.1パーセントのTween−20を含有するPBS中で5回洗浄した。次に、1ウェル当たり約100マイクロリットルのヤギ抗マウスIgG−HRP(ピアースケミカル社、カタログ番号31432)を、約1パーセントのBSAを含有するPBS中において1:10,000の希釈度で加えた。このプレートを室温で約1時間温置した後、約0.1パーセントのTween−20を含有するPBSでプレートを5回洗浄した。続いて、1ウェル当たり約100マイクロリットルのTMB基質(上記のもの)を加えて、呈色させた。次いで、分光光度計で370nmにて吸光度を読み取った。
各Ang−2ペプチボディ候補のアフィニティー解析をBIAcore(登録商標)2000(ニュージャージー州ピスカタウェイのバイアコア社)で、PBSおよび0.005パーセントのP20界面活性剤(バイアコア社)をランニング緩衝液として行った。Amine Coupling Kit(バイアコア社)を製造者推奨のプロトコルに従って使用して、組み換えプロテインG(マサチューセッツ州ニーダムのレプリゲン)を研究グレードのCM5センサーチップ(バイアコア社)に、第一アミン基を介して固定した。
等体積の1.6nMストレプトアビジン−ユウロピウム(SA−EU)と、8nMビオチン化アンジポエチン2(自社製)またはビオチン化アンジポエチン1(R&Dカタログ番号BAF923)を混合して、室温で30分間、暗黒下で、15mlのコニカルチューブ(フィッシャー352096)中で回転させながら温置した。続いて、ミキシングプレート(Costar3356)の各ウェルに、上記のSA−EU/ビオチン化Ang2(1)混合物50μlを加えた。このミキシングプレートには、各ウェルに、4倍の最終濃度で段階希釈したAng1およびAng2を50μl加えた。続いて、ミキシングプレートを室温で1時間、暗黒下、振盪機上で温置した。アッセイプレート(Costar3356)上の各ウェルに、10nMのhuTie−2−Fc−APC(プロザイムカスタムロット番号DF99−048)20μlを加えた。続いて、ミキシングプレートの各ウェルから採った混合物20μlを上記のアッセイプレートの各ウェルに移した。このアッセイプレートを室温で2時間、暗黒下で回転させながら温置した。続いて、RUBYstarというプレートリーダー(BMGラブテクノロジーズ社)でアッセイプレートを読み取った。このアッセイのすべての試薬をHTRF緩衝液(50mM トリスHCl、100mM NaCl、0.1%BSA、および0.05%Tween20)で希釈した。GRAFIT5.0でIC50およびIC90を算出した。
アンジポエチン抗体の分子特性解析
さらなる調査のために、強力なhAng2阻害活性と、ある範囲のhAng1阻害活性を有する4つの完全ヒトIgG抗体(Ab536、H4L4、H6L7、およびH4L11)を選択した。4つの抗体はすべて、マウス、ラビット、およびカニクイザルのAng1およびAng2と交差反応して、アンジポエチンオルソログにわたって同様の力価を呈することが分かった(表7および8)。
Colo205腫瘍異種移植片におけるアンジポエチン抗体の活性
Colo205というヒト結腸直腸癌異種移植モデル中で、3つの抗体(H6L7、H4L4、およびH4L11)を評価した。各実験グループにおいて、マウスの右脇腹に、Matrigel(登録商標)中の2×106細胞を皮下注射した。平均腫瘍体積が300mm3の10匹を各実験グループにランダムに割り当てた。移植後17日目から、これらの動物に1週間に2回、アンジオポエチン標的抗体またはアイソタイプコントロール抗体を300μg腹腔内注射した。ポジティブコントロールとして、このモデルにおける最適な生物学的用量(OBD)である14μgのAMG386(1週間に2回)(SC)も含めると共に、抗体536LC1も300μgで1週間に2回含めた。体重と腫瘍の大きさを1週間に2回測定した。
抗Ang−1および/またはAng−2抗体が内皮細胞の増殖に及ぼす作用
平行実験において、約400mm3の腫瘍を有する動物を536LC1(LC1とも呼ばれる)、H4L11、H4L4、H6L7、AMG386、またはコントロールのIgG2で72時間処置した。殺処分の7時間前に、3mg/mLのBrdUを含有する浸透圧ミニポンプを動物に埋め込んだ。殺処分したら、Colo205腫瘍担持マウスから内皮細胞を単離し、フローサイトメトリーによって解析して、増殖を評価した。分離した細胞を抗マウスCD45−FITCおよびCD31−PE抗体で染色してから、抗BrdU−alexa647抗体で固定および染色した。データは平均値±標準誤差を表している(n=5)。図3に示されているように、いずれの抗体で処置した場合にも、BrdU陽性細胞の割合が有意に低下した(IgGコントロールと比較した場合のP値は0.002未満であった)。これらのデータは、インビボでアンジオポエチン標的抗体が腫瘍内皮細胞の増殖を阻害する抗血管新生療法のメカニズムと整合している。
Colo205腫瘍異種移植片におけるH4L4の用量滴定
H4L4媒介性の腫瘍増殖抑制作用の用量依存性を探るさらに詳しい解析を行うために、抗体H4L4を選択した。14日目から、動物にH4L4を1週間に2回、3μg〜300μgの範囲の用量で腹腔内注射した。ポジティブコントロールとして、最適な生物学的用量である14μgのAMG386(SC)(1週間に2回)も含めた。図4に示されているように、いずれの用量のH4L4も、腫瘍増殖および腫瘍組織量を有意に抑制し(p<0.0001)、生着腫瘍組織量解析ではOBDが約30μgであった(図5)。
インビボでH4L4がColo205腫瘍内皮細胞の増殖に及ぼす作用
平行実験において、約450mm3の腫瘍を有するColo205腫瘍担持マウスを、H4L4、AMG386、またはコントロールのIgG2で72時間、単回投与することによって処置してから、図3の場合のように解析した。図6に示されているように、H4L4による処置によって、用量に依存する形で、内皮細胞の増殖が有意に抑制され、OBDは30μgであった。
マウス、ラット、およびカニクイザルにおけるH4L4、H6L7、H4L11、および536L11の薬物動態解析
H4L4、H6L7、H4L11、および536LC1の薬物動態(PK)は、単回静脈内(IV)または腹腔内投与後のCD−1マウスで特徴付けてきた。また、H4L4およびH6L7のPKは、単回IV投与後のスプラーグドーリーラットおよびカニクイザルで特徴付けてきた。
アンジオポエチン−1の中和は、血管新生と腫瘍増殖の状況依存的抑制を媒介する
アンジオポエチン−2(Ang2)が、生後の血管新生の重要なメディエーターである一方で、この環境におけるアンジオポエチン−1(Ang1)の役割は、Ang2よりも不明瞭である。Ang1の生後における機能を調べるために、我々は、Ang1とその受容体Tie2との相互作用を阻害する強力かつ選択的なペプチボディ(ペプチド−Fc融合タンパク)を開発した。選択的Ang1拮抗作用は、血管新生に関係する疾患モデル(癌および糖尿病網膜症)において、独立した作用を有さないが、正常幼若ラットにおいて卵巣萎縮を誘導できると共に、ホルモン誘導性排卵モデルにおいて卵胞血管新生を阻害できることを我々は示す。驚くべきことに、Ang1阻害剤の活性は、いくつかの疾患モデルにおいては、Ang2阻害剤と組み合わせると現れるようである。Ang1とAng2の二重阻害によって、協働的に、卵胞の血管新生と腫瘍異種移植片の増殖が抑制されるが、Ang1の阻害によっては、腫瘍内皮細胞の増殖、角膜血管新生、および酵素誘導性網膜血管新生を抑制する際に、Ang2阻害活性を向上させることはできない。いかなる場合も、Ang1の阻害によって、1)Ang2阻害またはAng1/Ang2二重阻害の活性に、より優れた活性が付与されたり、または、2)Ang2阻害作用が拮抗されたりすることは明らかにならなかった。これらの結果は、Ang1が、生後の血管新生、および血管新生に関係する病状を促す際、状況依存的役割を果たすことを示唆している。
Ang1結合ペプチドのファージディスプレイ選択 TN8−IX(5×109個の独立した形質転換体)、TN12−I(1.4×109個の独立した形質転換体)、およびLinear(2.3×109個の独立した形質転換体)(マサチューセッツ州ケンブリッジのダイアックス社)という3つの線状ファージライブラリーを用いて、Ang−1結合ファージの選択を行った。2%のウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)でブロックした空のストレプトアビジンDynabeads(カリフォルニア州カールスバッドのインビトロジェン社)、または、ビオチン化Ang2を充填したビーズ(ミネソタ州ミネアポリスのR&Dシステムズ社)上で陰性選択後、ビオチン化Ang1を充填したビーズ(R&Dシステムズ社)で残存ファージを温置した。丁寧に洗浄後、100mMのトリエチルアミン溶液(ミズーリ州セントルイスのシグマアルドリッチ社)を用いて、各選択ラウンドから採ったファージを非特異的な形で溶出した。溶出したファージを大腸菌株XL−1 Blue MRF’中で増幅させ、沈殿によって精製してから、次の選択ラウンドに用いた。
DKTHTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK(配列番号48)
Claims (19)
- (a)配列番号4及び配列番号12;
(b)配列番号7及び配列番号12;
(c)配列番号3及び配列番号17;
(d)配列番号6及び配列番号12;
(e)配列番号5及び配列番号12;
(f)配列番号3及び配列番号12;
(g)配列番号7及び配列番号11;
(h)配列番号1及び配列番号12;
(i)配列番号7及び配列番号13;
(j)配列番号4及び配列番号13;
(k)配列番号2及び配列番号12;
(l)配列番号7及び配列番号10;
(m)配列番号3及び配列番号16;
(n)配列番号4及び配列番号11;
(o)配列番号3及び配列番号9;
(p)配列番号3及び配列番号11;
(q)配列番号3及び配列番号10;
(r)配列番号7及び配列番号15;
(s)配列番号7及び配列番号8;
(t)配列番号3及び配列番号15;
(u)配列番号7及び配列番号16;及び
(v)配列番号7及び配列番号14
からなる群から選択される重鎖可変部及び軽鎖可変部を含む単離抗体又はその抗原結合断片であって、Tie2受容体のAng1リガンドおよびAng2リガンドの両方に特異的に結合する、単離抗体又はその抗原結合断片。 - 請求項1の抗体またはその抗原結合断片をコードする単離核酸分子。
- 請求項2の核酸分子を含むベクター。
- 請求項3のベクターを含む宿主細胞。
- 請求項1の抗体又はその抗原結合断片を作製する方法であって、前記抗体を宿主細胞内で発現させることを含む方法。
- 前記宿主細胞がCHO細胞である、請求項5の方法。
- 請求項1の抗体又はその抗原結合断片を、薬理学的に許容可能な担体と共に含む医薬組成物。
- レポーター分子、水溶性ポリマー、抗体のFc領域、および細胞毒性剤からなる群から選択される分子をさらに含む、請求項7の医薬組成物。
- 前記薬理学的に許容可能な担体が医薬製剤化剤である、請求項8の医薬組成物。
- ヒトIgG定常領域をさらに含む請求項1の抗体又はその抗原結合断片。
- IgG定常領域のアイソタイプが、IgG1、IgG2、IgG3又はIgG4である請求項10の抗体又はその抗原結合断片。
- 軽鎖定常ドメインをさらに含む請求項11の抗体又はその抗原結合断片。
- 軽鎖定常ドメインがκ定常ドメインである請求項12の抗体又はその抗原結合断片。
- ヒト免疫グロブリン定常領域をさらに含む請求項1の抗体又はその抗原結合断片。
- 定常領域の重鎖アミノ酸配列が、ヒトIgG1、IgG2、IgG3及びIgG4配列から選択され、定常領域軽鎖アミノ酸配列が、配列番号44及び46から選択される請求項14の抗体又はその抗原結合断片。
- Fab、F(ab’)2、Fv断片、単鎖抗体又はscFv断片である、請求項1の抗原結合断片。
- 検出可能な標識をさらに含む請求項1及び10〜16のいずれか1項の抗体又はその抗原結合断片。
- 請求項1及び10〜16のいずれか1項の抗体又はその抗原結合断片を含む、望ましくない血管新生を阻害するための医薬組成物。
- 前記望ましくない血管新生が癌である、請求項18の医薬組成物。
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