JP5715041B2 - リチウム電池および電極板構造 - Google Patents
リチウム電池および電極板構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5715041B2 JP5715041B2 JP2011284343A JP2011284343A JP5715041B2 JP 5715041 B2 JP5715041 B2 JP 5715041B2 JP 2011284343 A JP2011284343 A JP 2011284343A JP 2011284343 A JP2011284343 A JP 2011284343A JP 5715041 B2 JP5715041 B2 JP 5715041B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode plate
- lithium battery
- insulating layer
- heat insulating
- nitrogen
- Prior art date
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 70
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- HNYOPLTXPVRDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N barbituric acid Chemical compound O=C1CC(=O)NC(=O)N1 HNYOPLTXPVRDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- DNZPLHRZXUJATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylidene-5-[[5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]-1,3-diazinane-4,6-dione Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O1)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NC(=S)NC1=O DNZPLHRZXUJATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 24
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 2
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- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OJCNHTCSMRAQJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)sulfanylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1SN1C(=O)C=CC1=O OJCNHTCSMRAQJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PUKLCKVOVCZYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)ethyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1CCN1C(=O)C=CC1=O PUKLCKVOVCZYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGMITOHCGDTWGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)=C1.O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)=C1 KGMITOHCGDTWGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONLCJOKGIFUOJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[bis(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)methoxy-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)methyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(N1C(C=CC1=O)=O)OC(N1C(C=CC1=O)=O)N1C(=O)C=CC1=O ONLCJOKGIFUOJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003923 2,5-pyrrolediones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IGDLZDCWMRPMGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(C=C)C(=O)C2=C1 IGDLZDCWMRPMGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- LYVFPZWNQBJNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C=C)C=C.CN(C=C)C=C Chemical compound CN(C=C)C=C.CN(C=C)C=C LYVFPZWNQBJNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000551547 Dione <red algae> Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910011939 Li2.6 Co0.4 N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010199 LiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910016087 LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium monoxide Inorganic materials [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Description
102 正極板
102a 第1表面
104 負極板
104a 第2表面
106 第1断熱層
108 セパレータ
110 電解液
114 孔
306 第2断熱層
400、500 断熱層
402 無機材料
404、405 熱活性化材料
406、506 バインダ
508 ポリマー薄膜
Claims (22)
- 第1表面を有する正極板と、
前記正極板の前記第1表面と向かい合う第2表面を有する負極板と、
前記第1表面および前記第2表面のうちの1つの上に配置され、無機材料、熱活性化材料およびバインダで構成された第1断熱層と、
前記正極板と前記負極板の間に配置されたセパレータと
を含み、
前記熱活性化材料が、窒素含有オリゴマーを含み、前記窒素含有オリゴマーの数平均分子量は200〜2999であり、且つ架橋可能な末端基を有し、また、電池の温度が上昇した時、前記窒素含有オリゴマーは更に架橋して窒素含有ポリマーを形成し、
前記無機材料および前記熱活性化材料が、複数の粒子の形式で前記バインダ内に分配されたリチウム電池。 - 第2断熱層をさらに含み、前記第1断熱層が前記第1表面に配置された時に、前記第2断熱層が前記第2表面に配置され、前記第1断熱層が前記第2表面に配置された時に、前記第2断熱層が前記第1表面に配置される請求項1記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記第2断熱層の材料が、前記第1断熱層の材料と同じである請求項2記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記第2断熱層の厚さが、0.1〜20ミクロンである請求項2記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記無機材料が、Al、Mg、Si、Zr、Ti、Zn、Li、Co、その酸化物、その水酸化物、その硫化物、その窒化物、そのハロゲン化物、またはこれらの組み合わせから成る群より選ばれた請求項1記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記窒素含有ポリマーが、ビスマレイミドモノマーとバルビツール酸の反応によって形成された請求項1記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記窒素含有ポリマーが、ジオンと、アミン、アミド、イミド、マレイミドおよびイミンから成る群より選ばれた1つとが反応して形成された請求項1記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記ジオンが、バルビツール酸、バルビツール酸の誘導体、アセチルアセトン、またはアセチルアセトンの誘導体を含む請求項7記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記熱活性化材料が、複数の粒子の形式で前記バインダ内に分配され、前記熱活性化材料の前記複数の粒子のそれぞれの表面に、ポリマー薄膜が塗布された請求項1記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記ポリマー薄膜が、ポリオレフィンまたはポリエチレンで作られた請求項9記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記第1断熱層中の前記熱活性化材料の重量百分率が、0.1〜40wt%である請求項1記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記第1断熱層の厚さが、0.1〜20ミクロンである請求項1記載のリチウム電池。
- 充放電表面を有する電極板と、
前記充放電表面の上に配置され、無機材料、熱活性化材料およびバインダで構成された断熱層と
を含み、
前記熱活性化材料が、窒素含有オリゴマーを含み、前記窒素含有オリゴマーの数平均分子量は200〜2999であり、且つ架橋可能な末端基を有し、また、電池の温度が上昇した時、前記窒素含有オリゴマーは更に架橋して窒素含有ポリマーを形成し、
前記無機材料および前記熱活性化材料が、複数の粒子の形式で前記バインダ内に分配された電極板構造。 - 前記電極板が、正極板または負極板を含む請求項13記載の電極板構造。
- 前記断熱層の厚さが、0.1〜20ミクロンである請求項13記載の電極板構造。
- 前記無機材料が、Al、Mg、Si、Zr、Ti、Zn、Li、Co、その酸化物、その水酸化物、その硫化物、その窒化物、そのハロゲン化物、またはこれらの組み合わせから成る群より選ばれた請求項13記載の電極板構造。
- 前記窒素含有ポリマーが、ビスマレイミドモノマーとバルビツール酸の反応によって形成された請求項13記載の電極板構造。
- 前記窒素含有ポリマーが、ジオンと、アミン、アミド、イミド、マレイミドおよびイミンから成る群より選ばれた1つとが反応して形成された請求項13記載の電極板構造。
- 前記ジオンが、バルビツール酸、バルビツール酸の誘導体、アセチルアセトン、またはアセチルアセトンの誘導体を含む請求項18記載の電極板構造。
- 前記熱活性化材料が、複数の粒子の形式で前記バインダ内に分配され、前記熱活性化材料の前記複数の粒子のそれぞれの表面に、ポリマー薄膜が塗布された請求項13記載の電極板構造。
- 前記ポリマー薄膜が、ポリオレフィンまたはポリエチレンで作られた請求項20記載の電極板構造。
- 前記断熱層中の前記熱活性化材料の重量百分率が、0.1〜40wt%である請求項13記載の電極板構造。
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