JP5660031B2 - ドープ薄層を有する複合材料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ドープ薄層を有する複合材料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
相との間に組成の異なる界面構造が形成され、その結果、熱伝導率を下げるあるいはゼーベック係数を上げる効果が期待できる。さらに、この分散相を構成する薄板形状の複数の層は母相中で略平行に存在していることから、この複合材料が有する高導電・低熱伝導の性質は、この層と平行となる方向に異方的なものとなる。この方向に熱変換材料として温度差を与えることで、高い導電率及びゼーベック係数と、低い熱伝導率が両立できる。この結果、本発明による複合材料は熱電変換材料として優れたものとなると考えられる。
オンとは、大気中での1000℃程度での焼成により、大気中に放散せずに、焼成後の酸化物表面に吸着もしくは固溶することにより、酸化物1molあたり0.01mol以上残存するアニオン種を示す。よって、本発明における層間アニオンとしては、高温での加熱処理により速やかに分解もしくは揮発するものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、酢酸イオン、乳酸イオン、酪酸イオン、アミノ酸イオン等の有機アニオンや、硝酸イオン等の無機アニオンが好ましい。
、光触媒、触媒、太陽電池材料の用途が、Caの場合、乾燥材、触媒の用途が、Cdの場合、導電性材料(バリスタ材料等)、触媒の用途が、Pdの場合、導電性材料(バリスタ材料等)、触媒の用途が、Ptの場合、導電性材料(バリスタ材料等)、触媒の用途が、Mnの場合、磁性材料、触媒の用途が、Feの場合、光触媒、磁性材料、触媒の用途に用いることが可能である。
酸化亜鉛粉末(高純度化学研究所製、粒径約1μm)、酸化アルミニウム粉末(γ−Al2O3、高純度化学研究所製、粒径約2〜3μm)を用意した。これらの原料をZn:Al=98:2のモル比になるように秤量した後、ポリエチレン製ボトルに投入し、ナイロン被覆した鉄球ボールを加え、乾式ボールミル処理を15時間行った。金属メッシュふるいにより粉末を分取した後、一軸プレス成型機でプレス処理し、さらに静水圧プレス(CIP)処理することにより、直径約25mmで厚み約7mmの円盤状ペレットを作製した。この円盤状ペレットを、大気中で1400℃で約10時間焼成することにより焼結させ、比較例1のサンプル9を得た。
Claims (20)
- ZnO結晶を主成分とする母相と、前記母相中に分散した薄板形状の複数の層からなる分散相とから少なくともなる複合材料であって、
前記分散相がZnとAlとを少なくとも含有し、かつ
前記複数の前記分散相の主面は前記母相中で互に略平行に存在し、
前記分散相におけるAlの含有率が、前記母相におけるAlの含有率よりも高いことを特徴とする、複合材料。 - 前記層の厚さが200nm以下である、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 近傍20か所の前記層のアスペクト比(=前記層の厚み/前記層の幅)の平均が5より大である、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記母相中に、Zn以外の第三の金属元素Mを含んでなる、請求項1の複合材料。
- 前記第三の金属元素Mが、Mg、Ni、Co、Ga、In、Y、Sn、およびTiからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項4に記載の複合材料。
- 前記母相がZn1−x−yAlxMyO(ここで、Mは前記金属元素であり、xは、0≦x≦0.02を満たす)で表わされるものである、請求項5に記載の複合材料。
- 前記分散相がZn1−zAlzO(ここで、zは0.005≦z≦0.1を満たす)で表わされるものである、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記母相がZn1−x−yAlxMyO(ここで、x>0、y>0、Mは金属元素である)で表されるものであり、かつ前記層がZn1−zAlzO(ここで、z≧0、x<zである)で表わされるものである、請求項5に記載の複合材料。
- 前記z/xが2≦z/x≦200を満たす、請求項8に記載の複合材料。
- 結晶配向している、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の複合材料。
- Lotgering法によるc軸配向度が、0.5以上1.0未満である、請求項10に記載の複合材料。
- 前記層の薄板主面が、前記母相のc軸と略垂直である、請求項11に記載の複合材料。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の複合材料からなる、n型熱電変換材料。
- 請求項13に記載のn型熱電変換材料を用いたことを特徴とする、熱電素子。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の複合材料からなる、バリスタ素子。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の複合材料からなる、圧電素子。
- 層状水酸化亜鉛塩の板状粒子の表面にアルミニウムを含む分子またはそのイオンを吸着させる工程と、前記アルミニウムを含む分子またはそのイオンを吸着させた前記層状水酸化亜鉛塩の板状粒子を加圧して、前記層状水酸化亜鉛塩の板状粒子が、個々の板状粒子の主面に対して垂直な方向に配向して集合した成型体を得る工程と、前記成型体を焼結させる工程とを少なくとも含んでなる、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記層状水酸化亜鉛塩の板状粒子が予め前記第三の金属元素を含んだものである、請求項17に記載の複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウムを含む分子またはそのイオンが、アルミニウムの弱酸塩である、請求項17または18に記載の複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウムを含む分子またはそのイオンが、乳酸アルミニウム、酢酸アルミニウム、クエン酸アルミニウム、リンゴ酸アルミニウムのいずれか一つである、請求項17〜19のいずれか一項に記載の複合材料の製造方法。
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