JP5629695B2 - LiCoO2焼結体の製造方法 - Google Patents
LiCoO2焼結体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
これにより、パーティクルの発生を抑制でき、直流電力と高周波電力との重畳放電による安定したスパッタリングが可能となる。
図1は、市販(日本化学工業株式会社製「セルシード(登録商標)C-5」)のLiCoO2粉末をAr雰囲気中で加熱したときの状態変化を概略的に示す一実験結果である。測定装置には、アルバック理工社製示差熱分析装置「TGD-9600」を用いた。Ar気流中で一定の昇温速度(20℃/min.)で加熱した際のサンプルの熱重量(TG:thermogravimetry)の変化を調べたところ、図1に示すように、1050℃程度までは僅かな重量減少があり、それより高温になると急激な重量減少が生じることが確認された。1050℃までの緩やかな重量減少は、サンプルからのガス放出と考えられ、また、1100℃程度で吸熱反応が示されていることから、この温度付近で融解が生じることが確認された。
他方、図2は、上記市販のLiCoO2粉末を真空雰囲気下で加熱したときの圧力変化及び放出ガスを概略的に示す一実験結果である。測定装置には、アルバック理工社製昇温脱離ガス分析装置「TDS-M202P」を用いた。図2に示すように、800℃を超える温度領域で全圧の上昇が始まり、900℃近傍からではその変化が顕著となった。全圧の変化は酸素原子のイオン強度と強く対応しており、LiCoO2の解離が生じて酸素ガスを放出していると判断できる。なお図示は省略されているが、200℃、500℃、900℃近傍で、水分、メタン、アンモニアの放出が確認された。
以上のように、Ar気流中および真空雰囲気下でのLiCoO2原材料粉末の挙動を調べた結果、真空下では、800℃を超える温度領域からLiCoO2の解離が生じることが明らかとなった。このことから、Ar気流中、すなわち圧力的には減圧ではない条件下とは顕著に異なる現象が確認された。これらの結果はLiCoO2の特性に基づくものであり、他の異なる市販材料でも同様の現象を示すと考えられる。
次に、焼結体の製造方法について検討する。粉末の焼結手法としては、粉末を圧縮成形した後、常圧で焼成する方法と、加圧と加熱を同時に施す加圧焼結法とが知られている。前者は、Press&Sintering法と称され、後者には、ホットプレス(HP:Hot Press)法や熱間静水圧プレス(HIP:Hot Isostatic Press)法がある。一般的に、加圧焼結法は、高融点金属などの微細均一結晶組織、高い相対密度を有する焼結体を得る場合に適用され、LiCoO2のように酸化物で比較的低い温度で解離が生じる粉末の焼結法としては適さないと考えられている。
本実施形態に係るLiCoO2焼結体の製造方法は、LiCoO2粉末を型に充填する工程と、上記型内を減圧する工程と、LiCoO2粉末を型内で加圧焼結する工程とを有する。
本実施形態に係るLiCoO2焼結体の製造方法もまた、LiCoO2粉末を型に充填する工程と、上記型内を減圧する工程と、LiCoO2粉末を型内で加圧焼結する工程とを有する。
平均粒径(D50、以下同じ。)5〜6μmの所定量のLiCoO2原料粉末(日本化学工業株式会社製「セルシード(登録商標)C-5」)を型内にムラなく充填し、型ごと真空ホットプレス装置のチャンバ内に設置した。その後、チャンバ内を0.013Pa(1×10−4Torr)まで減圧した。目的とする真空度に到達後、図5に示す温度−荷重プロファイルにて原料粉末の加熱を開始した。すなわち、室温から6℃/min.の昇温速度で450℃まで加熱した後、その温度に10分間保持した。その後、3℃/min.の昇温速度で設定焼結温度(800℃)まで加熱した。このとき、温度500℃に到達した時点で原料粉末を10分間、150kg/cm2の圧力で加圧した。原料粉末を800℃で1時間保持し、その保持時間のうち後半30分間、300kg/cm2の圧力で原料粉末を加圧することで、焼結体を作製した。その後、チャンバ内で焼結体を室温にまで冷却した。
平均粒径の測定は、焼結体の断面SEM写真を用い、「ASTM(American Society for Testing and Materials)E112」(JIS(Japanese Industrial Standards) G0551)の粒度表に基づく目視判断とした。
設定焼結温度を820℃としたこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様な条件で焼結体を作製した。得られた焼結体の相対密度、平均粒径を測定したところ、相対密度は95.9%、平均粒径は15μm程度であった。
設定焼結温度を840℃としたこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様な条件で焼結体を作製した。得られた焼結体の相対密度、平均粒径を測定したところ、相対密度は97%、平均粒径は20μm程度であった。
設定焼結温度を860℃としたこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様な条件で焼結体を作製した。得られた焼結体の相対密度、平均粒径を測定したところ、相対密度は96.1%、平均粒径は30μm以下であった。
設定焼結温度を880℃としたこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様な条件で焼結体を作製した。得られた焼結体の相対密度、平均粒径を測定したところ、相対密度は95.3%、平均粒径は30μm以下であった。
設定焼結温度を780℃としたこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様な条件で焼結体を作製した。得られた焼結体の相対密度、平均粒径を測定したところ、相対密度は93.8%、平均粒径は10μm以下であった。
設定焼結温度を900℃としたこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様な条件で焼結体を作製した。得られた焼結体の相対密度、平均粒径を測定したところ、相対密度は94.4%、平均粒径は30μm超であった。
設定焼結温度を980℃としたこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様な条件で焼結体を作製した。得られた焼結体の相対密度、平均粒径を測定したところ、相対密度は90.1%、平均粒径は30μm超であった。
TG…熱重量分析
DTG…熱重量の変化率
10…真空ホットプレス装置
20…熱間静水圧プレス装置
S…焼結体
Claims (5)
- LiCoO2粉末を型に充填し、
前記型内を減圧し、
前記LiCoO 2 粉末を前記型内で450℃以上500℃以下の温度で予備加圧し、
前記LiCoO2粉末を前記型内で800℃以上880℃以下の温度で加圧焼結する
LiCoO2焼結体の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載のLiCoO 2 焼結体の製造方法であって、
前記加圧焼結の温度は、820℃以上880℃以下である
LiCoO 2 焼結体の製造方法。 - 請求項1または2に記載のLiCoO2焼結体の製造方法であって、
前記LiCoO2粉末を加圧焼結する工程は、前記LiCoO2粉末を前記型内において200kg/cm2以上の圧力で加圧することを含む
LiCoO2焼結体の製造方法。 - 請求項3に記載のLiCoO2焼結体の製造方法であって、
前記LiCoO2粉末は、真空ホットプレス法で加圧焼結される
LiCoO2焼結体の製造方法。 - 請求項3に記載のLiCoO2焼結体の製造方法であって、
前記LiCoO2粉末は、熱間静水圧プレス法で加圧焼結される
LiCoO2焼結体の製造方法。
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JP5704571B2 (ja) * | 2010-01-15 | 2015-04-22 | 株式会社アルバック | LiCoO2焼結体の製造方法 |
JP5926256B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-30 | 2016-05-25 | エルジー イノテック カンパニー リミテッド | 熱間加圧焼結装置及びこれに使用する加圧部材 |
JP5969786B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2016-08-17 | 株式会社コベルコ科研 | LiCoO2焼結体およびスパッタリングターゲット、並びにその製造方法 |
KR101726117B1 (ko) * | 2013-03-13 | 2017-04-11 | 가부시키가이샤 코베루코 카겐 | LiCoO2 함유 소결체 및 스퍼터링 타깃, 및 LiCoO2 함유 소결체의 제조 방법 |
JP2014194868A (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-09 | Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corp | リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質、リチウムイオン電池用正極、及び、リチウムイオン電池 |
US20150248997A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Chi-Fung Lo | Modified lithium cobalt oxide sputtering targets |
KR102142258B1 (ko) | 2014-03-26 | 2020-08-07 | 제이엑스금속주식회사 | LiCoO2 스퍼터링 타깃 및 그 제조 방법, 그리고 정극재 박막 |
US10822690B2 (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2020-11-03 | Umicore | Lithium-containing transition metal oxide target |
JP2017075377A (ja) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-20 | 株式会社コベルコ科研 | LiCoO2含有焼結体およびLiCoO2含有スパッタリングターゲット、並びにLiCoO2含有焼結体の製造方法 |
CN105731549A (zh) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-06 | 山东玉皇新能源科技有限公司 | 一种高纯度钴酸锂正极材料的制备方法及其应用 |
JP6307121B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-04-04 | 株式会社コベルコ科研 | LiCoO2を含有する焼結体および円筒形スパッタリングターゲット |
JP6690563B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-25 | 2020-04-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 正極の製造方法、及び、酸化物固体電池の製造方法 |
JP6686945B2 (ja) | 2017-03-21 | 2020-04-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 焼結電極体の製造方法 |
JP6812941B2 (ja) | 2017-09-29 | 2021-01-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 正極活物質、正極合剤、正極活物質の製造方法、正極の製造方法、及び、酸化物固体電池の製造方法 |
CN107808952B (zh) * | 2017-10-13 | 2021-03-30 | 湖南力合厚浦科技有限公司 | 一种高振实密度高容量复合镍钴锰氧化物三元锂离子电池正极材料的制备方法 |
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